Zschöpel
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Zschöpel
Ponitz parish
Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ′ 7 ″ N , 12 ° 24 ′ 44 ″ E
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| Height : | 218 (214-255) m |
| Area : | 2.78 km² |
| Residents : | 129 (December 31, 2008) |
| Population density : | 46 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1950 |
| Postal code : | 04639 |
| Area code : | 034493 |
 Location of Zschöpel in Ponitz
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 The place from a bird's eye view
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Zschöpel is a district of Ponitz in the Thuringian district of Altenburger Land . The place has about 120 inhabitants. Zschöpel is separated from the neighboring town of Merlach by the Pleiße . Southeast of the core site is immediately adjacent the now designated as a village of Zschöpel Dreußen of which was incorporated in the 19th century after Zschöpel. In the present, the place is mainly known through events that are organized by a local association.
geography
In the east of the Zschöpeler Unterdorf, the Schilfgraben flows into the Pleiße . This rises in a forest and meadow landscape, the so-called Zenkel or Zenke . One of the highest peaks is the Dreußener Berg with a height of 250 meters. Forests located directly on site exist in the north to the central west. A larger forest is located in the west, outside the village in the direction of Schmölln .
Adjacent places
To the north are starting neighboring towns clockwise Nörditz , Gößnitz , east Merlach , southeast Ponitz, southwest Grünberg , and in the west grief and Nitzschka as districts of Schmölln.
history
Located in the Altenburger Loesshügelland, the area belongs to the Altsiedelland . Traces of Neolithic settlement activity could be found on Zschöpler Flur, away from today's settlement, on the spray birch trees . The place was first mentioned in 1140 as Tscheppelaw and in 1495 as Zschöpel. However, since a mountain settlement of the Sorbs can be traced back to around 600 AD, the place is much older. The place name, which stands for the Sorbian word for heron , also comes from this time . The place can be identified as a cul-de-sac village with an annex, a kind of round lane with a central street leading into a dead end. A monastery is said to have existed in the upper village, the location of which is unknown. Zschöpel owns 54 houses, the oldest is around 400 years old. The center of the upper village is a linden tree planted to commemorate the wars of liberation in 1815.
Since the division of Leipzig in 1485, Zschöpel belonged to the Wettin office of Altenburg , which from the 16th century onwards was under the sovereignty of the following Ernestine duchies due to several divisions in the course of its existence : Duchy of Saxony (1554 to 1572), Duchy of Saxony-Weimar (1572 to 1603) , Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg (1603 to 1672), Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg (1672 to 1826). When the Ernestine duchies were reorganized in 1826, the place came back to the duchy of Saxony-Altenburg.
After the administrative reform in the duchy, Zschöpel belonged to the Eastern District (until 1900) and to the Ronneburg District Office (from 1900). From 1918 the village belonged to the Free State of Saxony-Altenburg , which was added to the State of Thuringia in 1920. In 1922 it came to the district of Altenburg .
On July 1, 1950, the community of Zschöpel with its district Dreußen was incorporated into Ponitz. During the second district reform in the GDR in 1952, the existing states were dissolved and the districts were redesigned. Thus Zschöpel came as the district of Ponitz with the county Schmölln to the district of Leipzig , which since 1990 belonged to the district Schmölln to Thuringia and the Thuringian district reform in 1994 opened Altenburger in the district of the country.
Zschöpel received a power connection through a private operator as early as 1911, initially only for lighting purposes. Until the 1950s there was a volunteer fire brigade , which was abandoned due to a lack of interest; the first syringe house still exists. Zschöpel and Dreußen owned two restaurants, the Bergschlösschen and the Dreußen Inn . The former has been closed since 1954. The Dreussen inn was closed in the 1960s. Later there was a branch of the wholesale company (GHG) Housewares Gera . In 1999 the building was demolished.
Memorial stone
On the night of August 19-20, 1878, a woman who was traveling in her carriage died a little way off the town on the way to Schmölln. The legend speaks of a lightning strike. A memorial stone was erected at this point, originally with a plaque, but it has been lost for several decades. However, a new one was installed in 2013, specifying the exact circumstances.
Dreuss
The name Dreussen probably also comes from the Sorbian word Druzk or Druznik (comrade or comrade). It was mentioned for the first time on May 6, 1296. In Dreussen there were mainly craftsmen until 1930, the majority of the farmers lived on the mountain in Zschöpel, but also cultivated land in Dreussen. Around 1900 a forge was to be built in Dreussen; it was never completed due to material difficulties. There was also a saddler, a basket maker who was still weaving until the 1980s, a broom maker, a cabinet maker, a carpenter, a tailor and two shoemakers. A wheelwright was based in Zschöpel. Later there were telephone connections in two public post offices. A general store had existed in Dreussen since 1908, but was closed in 1991 due to insufficient demand.
After 1850 at the time of industrialization, some Wilhelminian-style houses were built along the road to Merlach, which was then expanded into a street, such as the two railway houses and a dye works that was and still is in operation until the 1930s.
The Villa Dreußen , built in 1915, and the farmstead opposite are built in Art Nouveau style.
After the First World War, there was also a great housing shortage in Dreußen and Zschöpel, so that the workers from the town turned to the mayor to build a new house. He was of the opinion that the financial outlay was far too high for the small community. However, the pressure on him from the workers grew, they formulated the saying: “ You live in castles and we in huts! ". In fact, the mayor lived in a large Art Nouveau homestead. The building, which is still known today as the parish hall, was built between 1922 and 1923 .
Incorporation
When exactly Dreussen was united with Zschöpel is not known, it probably happened in the 19th century.
On April 1, 1923, according to the Thuringian district division law, Zschöpel was incorporated with Dreussen and the place Gosel was incorporated into Ponitz. Although a clear majority of the Zschöpeler and Dreusser pleaded for the union with Ponitz at a community meeting at the beginning of 1923, the former community was spun off on August 1, 1924. The basis for this was the Thuringian Ausgemeindungsverordnung of July 31, 1924. Only Gosel remained with Ponitz.
After the Second World War, Zschöpel was reintegrated into the municipality of Ponitz on July 1, 1950 by a resolution of the state parliament, this time together with Merlach. The previously incumbent mayor, Florus Leithold, was a member of the NSDAP and had resigned from office shortly before the arrival of the Red Army in summer 1945. Since no new mayor was found, it was incorporated into Ponitz. Zschöpel did not have a mayor's office; Anyone who had a concern came to the office holder's apartment, most recently in the Art Nouveau farm mentioned above.
Population development of ZschöpelDevelopment of the population (December 31) :
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Population development of DreussenDevelopment of the population (December 31) :
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Economy and Infrastructure
Infrastructure
The A 4 junction in Schmölln is about eight kilometers away, while the one in Meerane is six kilometers away. The federal highway 93 runs 1.5 km east, the federal highway 7 5.5 km northwest through Schmölln. In Ponitz, one kilometer away, there is a stop on the Leipzig – Hof railway line , and another in Gößnitz, two kilometers away, where the Central Germany connection from Erfurt to Chemnitz also crosses.
Events
Through the association Zschöpeler Heimatfreunde e. V. regular festivals take place in Zschöpel and the surrounding towns, such as the witch burning . In addition, local anniversaries, fan miles or club birthday parties usually take place in the summer months. The former soccer field , the wind farm stadium , was made available for such events . The average age of the active members is in their mid-20s.
Established businesses
The largest company in Zschöpel is a motor vehicle workshop, there is also a construction company that specializes in drilling and sawing in reinforced concrete , and there are several service companies such as a senior citizen care service.
Environmental impact
Sand was mined in Zschöpel until the 1960s . These two sand pits gradually turned into landfills, as many residents, regardless of the environmental impact, "disposed of" scrapped cars, mopeds, refrigerators and all sorts of other technical equipment there. In 1975 the Schmöllner button factory burned plastic waste products, including buttons and toothbrushes. The poisonous fumes moved down into the village, whereupon resistance formed, so that in GDR times there was a referendum with signatures. The burns have stopped.
Agriculture
A large part of the agricultural land in Ponitz is in the Zschöpler Flur.
Until 1953
Since around the middle of the 17th century, there have been 11 farms in Zschöpel with a total area of 211 hectares , with a distinction being made between forest, courtyard and agricultural land. The forest area of the farmers varied in size and lay between 0 and almost 1 hectare. The smallest farm plot measured 15 acres, the two largest estates had an area of approximately 100 acres each. Almost every farm had a separator for centrifugation and cream extraction, so butter, oat and cheese cheese were made. After the outbreak of World War II, food was rationed ; the milk was delivered to the dairy in Meerane on September 18, 1939 . After the war, compulsory taxes still had to be paid.
From 1953 to 1990
On May 31, 1953 the LPG Volkssolidarität Type I was founded. Only the fields were cultivated together. Due to the resentment of the mainly wealthy farmers about the collectivization, the words of the chairman were not heard by them and so the “young cooperative” was dissolved on June 17, 1953. A few smaller companies joined the existing LPG Mitschurin Type III in Ponitz from 1954 . In 1962 there were only two companies that had not yet joined Type III. These were represented in the Merlacher LPG type I. As of 1962, every company had to join a Type III LPG due to the resolution of the SED to form cooperatives.
Since 1990
After the collapse of the GDR , the agricultural cooperative was founded in Ponitz and 75% of the workforce was lost. Due to the new farm structure, the use of modern technology and the use of more effective fertilizers, there was an increase and qualitative improvement in the yields.
literature
- Chronicle of Ponitz
- 750 years of Ponitz A community in the Altenburger Land , Festschrift for the 750th anniversary, culture and homeland association Ponitz eV, Ponitz, 2003, ISBN 3-89570-879-8
Web links
Zschöpel in Altenburger Land / East Thuringia. Retrieved on October 10, 2015 (privately operated website, at the time of access the only online source for the majority of the facts listed in the article *) ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Excavations of the Ponitz senior teacher Alban Zöllner in the 20th century, exhibited in the Meeraner Heimatmuseum
- ^ Announcements of the History and Antiquity Research Society of the Osterlandes zu Altenburg - 9, page 145, 1947
- ^ Ponitzer Chronik, paragraph early history, page 24ff, 1983
- ↑ Permanent exhibition in the Museum Burg Posterstein
- ^ The Altenburg Office in the book "Geography for all Stands", from p. 201
- ^ The locations of the Altenburg district from p.83
- ↑ The eastern district of the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg in the municipal directory 1900
- ^ The district office of Ronneburg in the municipality register 1900
- ↑ Zschöpel on gov.genealogy.net
- ↑ Memorial stone at Sühnekreuz.de
- ^ Wolfgang Kahl: First mention of Thuringian towns and villages. A manual. Rockstuhl Verlag, Bad Langensalza, 2010, ISBN 978-3-86777-202-0 , p. 61
- ↑ Dr. Heinz Wießner (Ed.): The villages of Ponitz and Schönhain - An overview of the history of the settlement, S. Sell Heimat-Verlag, Altenburg, 2015, ISBN 978-3-938777-32-9
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Altenburg. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Zschöpeler Heimatfreunde: Zschöpel and Dreußen ( Memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
