Dead end village
A dead end village is a village form of settlement from the Middle Ages .
Dead-end villages often emerged from rounds , at the entrance of which people simply continued to settle along the access path. An example of this is the place Ochelmitz in Saxony ( Lage ). As a result, their central distribution area largely coincides with that of the Rundlinge and extends in strips between the Baltic Sea and the Ore Mountains in the contact zone between Germans and Slavs during the Middle Ages.
The peculiarity of this type of village is that the courtyards or farmsteads were laid out along a cul-de-sac , which means that the villages only have one access. Since this type of traffic route is usually an elongated topographical object , cul-de-sac villages represent a special form of row village . Their buildings are arranged in rows and next to each other on both sides of the street. At the end of the cul-de-sac, both rows of houses converge in a horseshoe shape.
Sometimes there is also talk of a dead end village when the road leading through the respective settlement ends abruptly due to the local conditions. Reasons for this can be uneven terrain or bodies of water, such as B. in the two Thuringian villages Unterweißbach and Goldisthal , which became a dead end due to the construction of a dam at the end of the village. However, since the village is often open in this direction, it is in principle not an ideal-typical, because it is closed, dead end village.
The main difference to the alley group or alley village is that the latter is often not in a row. Double cul-de-sac villages can be seen as an intermediate form, which contain features of both alleyways and cul-de-sac villages, because they consist of dead-end streets that meet at a common, partly central place.
Dead-end villages are also characterized by the fact that, if the local and terrain conditions permit, further farmsteads or residential properties can be created at the beginning of the dead-end alley , which extend the village in one direction.
A direct connection between the cul-de-sac village and corridor forms and use is not inevitable.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hannelore Deya: New historical lexicon: Edition Vorpommern . 1st edition. Haff-Verlag, Grambin 2013, ISBN 978-3-942916-83-7 , pp. 300 .
- ↑ Gabriele Schwarz: General settlement geography: Part 1. The rural settlements. The settlements standing between the countryside and the city . In: Textbook of General Geography . 4th edition. Walter de Gruyter, 1989, ISBN 978-3-11-007895-4 , p. 202 .