Quietly

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Leisnig
Quietly
Map of Germany, position of the city of Leisnig highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 10 '  N , 12 ° 55'  E

Basic data
State : Saxony
County : Central Saxony
Height : 161 m above sea level NHN
Area : 78.08 km 2
Residents: 8243 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 106 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 04703
Area code : 034321
License plate : FG, BED, DL, FLÖ, HC, MW, RL
Community key : 14 5 22 310
LOCODE : DE LQG
City structure: Core city; 40 districts

City administration address : 		Markt 1
04703 Leisnig
Website : www.leisnig.de
Mayor : Tobias Goth ( CDU )
Location of the city of Leisnig in the district of central Saxony
Altmittweida Augustusburg Bobritzsch-Hilbersdorf Brand-Erbisdorf Burgstädt Claußnitz Döbeln Dorfchemnitz Eppendorf Erlau (Sachsen) Flöha Frankenberg/Sa. Frauenstein (Erzgebirge) Freiberg Geringswalde Großhartmannsdorf Großschirma Großweitzschen Hainichen Halsbrücke Hartha Hartmannsdorf (bei Chemnitz) Königsfeld (Sachsen) Königshain-Wiederau Kriebstein Leisnig Leubsdorf (Sachsen) Lichtenau (Sachsen) Lichtenberg/Erzgeb. Lunzenau Mittweida Mühlau (Sachsen) Mulda/Sa. Neuhausen/Erzgeb. Niederwiesa Oberschöna Oederan Ostrau (Sachsen) Penig Rechenberg-Bienenmühle Reinsberg (Sachsen) Rochlitz Rossau (Sachsen) Roßwein Sayda Seelitz Striegistal Taura Waldheim Wechselburg Weißenborn/Erzgeb. Zettlitz Zschaitz-Ottewig Sachsenmap
About this picture
Quietly seen from the Mulde

Leisnig is a town on the Freiberger Mulde in the district of Central Saxony in the Free State of Saxony , around 50 km south-east of Leipzig .

geography

Geographical location

Leisnig is located in and above the deeply cut valley of the Freiberg Mulde in the middle of the Saxon Burgenland . The city of Grimma is approx. 15 km northwest, the city Döbeln approx. 20 km east of the city.

City structure

The city of Leisnig is divided into the core town of Leisnig and 40 other districts. (Figures in brackets: population as of May 9, 2011)

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (clockwise) Großweitzschen and the city of Hartha in the district of central Saxony and the city of Colditz with the former community of Zschadraß in the district of Leipzig .

history

Overview of the city's history

The origins of the town of Leisnig are closely related to Mildenstein Castle, which was built in the 10th century . The castle is one of the oldest in Saxony. The first documentary mention of the associated Burgwards was in 1046 as " Lisnich ".

Several settlement centers developed under the protection of the castle. Below the castle, in the area around today's Pankratius Church, the Tragnitz settlement was built as a suburbium . It was first mentioned in 1215. Two kilometers downstream of the Freiberg Mulde from Mildenstein Castle, a merchant settlement developed after 1100 on the trade route from Leipzig via Grimma to Bohemia . This settlement was also referred to in 1215 as " oppidum novum Liznik " (new town of Leisnig). A characteristic feature of this settlement was the presence of a Nikolaikirche , which was dedicated to St. Nicholas , the patron saint of traveling merchants. Both the Tragnitz and Altleisnig churches belonged to the parish of the Matthäikirche in front of Mildenstein Castle. Up until the 16th century, Altleisnig was endowed with town-like privileges, which raised the settlement above the surrounding villages.

But as early as 1286 Altleisnig was referred to as " vetus civitas Lisnich " (old town Leisnig), since a castle-related market town developed in the early 13th century following the Mildenstein Castle on the mountain spur above the Mulde, which in 1286 became the " nova civitas ante castrum" “(Neustadt in front of the castle) was called. The transfer of the city from the Muldenaue (Altleisnig) to the Bergsporn took place around 1278/80. The decisive factor was probably the greater protective location near the castle. The early market settlement was expanded to include a settlement planned by the Leisnig burgraves, the core of which is today's Leisnig market square. Around 1280 the city was fortified to the south and west with a city wall, to the north the steep slope to the Freiberger Mulde offered natural protection. Karlheinz Blaschke gives a number of around 1,000 inhabitants for Leisnig around 1300.

In particular, the city served as a grain market for the surrounding agricultural area. In addition, long-distance trade also gained a certain importance. Leisnig was located on the nationally important streets from Leipzig via the Deutscheinsiedler Sattel to Bohemia and from Borna to Freiberg . Protected by Castle Mildenstein, these trade routes could cross the Mulde in several places: there was a ford in Altleisnig , below the castle there were two early Muldenbrücken in Fischendorf and at Niedermühle. The Leisnig customs and transshipment point was granted stacking rights in 1481 .

View of Leisnig (view from 1650)
Plan of Leisnig 1753
Flour transports over the Fischendorf bridge below Mildenstein Castle (illustration from 1840)

A few decades earlier, the city burned down completely in 1444. During the reconstruction between 1460 and 1484 the generous building of the town church Sankt-Matthäi was built instead of a Romanesque predecessor. Between 1495 and 1535, several plague epidemics in Leisnig and the surrounding area claimed numerous lives. During this time, the Reformation was introduced in 1519 . Another impending cremation of the city was prevented in 1547 by Peter Apian . Apian used his influence as court mathematician with the emperor Charles V , who was staying in Leisnig before the battle of Mühlberg . In 1552 Leisnig had 226 possessed citizens, 20 landowners without houses and 162 residents. This means that around 1,400 people lived in the city.

During the Thirty Years War , the city was completely burned down by Swedish troops on March 20, 1637.

The reconstruction took place comparatively quickly. The new construction of the Sankt-Matthäi town church took place between 1638 and 1646, but the tower stood longer than a ruin and was only rebuilt between 1676 and 1695. In 1697 the city again had 367 inhabited and only 25 uninhabited houses with a total of 1,520 adult residents. But on October 5, 1700, the city was ravaged again by a fire in which 308 buildings burned down within six hours. Only the church, the school, the rectory, the granary and three smaller properties were spared.

With the billeting of the Royal Stanislaus Infantry Regiment, the town's history as a garrison town began in 1707 and lasted until 1993. At that time, the manufacture and trade in cloth and canvas was decisive for the economic development of the city. In 1697 Leisnig had 340 residents, including 142 cloth makers and 42 linen weavers . In 1753 121 master clothiers and 61 master cloth and linen weavers resided in the city. The third largest group of craftsmen were the 53 master shoemakers . A shoemaker's guild existed in Leisnig since 1325. Today the giant Leisnig boot made in 1996 is a reminder of the traditional craft . Agriculture, which has always been practiced, was supplemented with regular fruit growing from 1787.

View of the town hall, built in 1809, on the east side of the market

The last big city fire broke out at the Laurentiusmarkt on August 10, 1803. Almost the entire upper town with 195 houses, 4 public buildings and 43 barns fell victim to the flames. As part of the subsequent reconstruction, the city wall was pulled down. Structurally striking was the decision to build the town hall, which was previously located in the middle of the market, on the edge of the square on the fire ruins of the “Zum Goldenen Engel” inn. The new town hall was completed in 1809. Most of the existing building stock of the city comes from the reconstruction phase after the fire of 1803. During the wars of freedom in 1813, a typhus epidemic claimed 171 lives.

The year 1819 marked the beginning of industrialization in Leisnig with the installation of the first spinning machine in the Niedermühle Tragnitz . The traditionally resident linen weavers and cloth makers formed the starting point for some companies in the textile industry. The cloth manufacturer Heinrich Herrmann Böttger, father of the chemist Wilhelm Böttger , installed the first Leisnig steam engine in his factory on the Fischendorfer Bridge in 1857. Other local businesses formed the basis for some metalworking factories as well as factories for the manufacture of furniture, shoes, and cigarettes.

Between 1834 and 1871 the population increased by almost 2,000 people from 4,795 to 6,751. The city slowly grew beyond the area of ​​the formerly walled old town towards the south. In 1844 the first house was built in the Chemnitzer Vorstadt (area around today's Chemnitzer Straße). As part of the construction of the Borsdorf – Coswig railway line as the second railway line between Leipzig and Dresden, Leisnig was connected to the railway network in 1867. The train station in the Mulde valley, southeast of the old town, marked a new fixed point in urban development. In the vicinity of the train station (Bahnhofsvorstadt), further factories were established in the following decades. The number of inhabitants rose again to 8,001 in 1910.

View of the citizen school, built in 1873, one of the leading buildings built in the course of the city's expansion

In addition to the train station, other striking public buildings were built in the course of the city's expansion in the last quarter of the 19th century. The Leisniger garrison was given new quarters in the southwest of the city on Colditzer Strasse with the "König-Albert-Kaserne" built in 1887/88. The military area was expanded in 1913/14 to include the “König-Friedrich-August-Kaserne” built in the immediate vicinity. The striking red brick building of the imperial post office was built on the corner of Poststrasse and Hochstrasse in 1891 . The population growth also made it necessary to build suitable school buildings, which were also erected in front of the old city moat. In 1873 the community school was built on Lindenplatz (today Sigismund-Reschke-Grundschule). Not far from the community school, the Realschule (today the Peter Apian Oberschule Leisnig ) was built as a higher education institution in 1887 .

In 1946, the city celebrated its 900th anniversary, the first city anniversary after the Second World War in the Soviet occupation zone .

After 1990, Leisnig belonged to the district of Döbeln and thus to the administrative district of Leipzig , in 2008 the district changed as part of central Saxony to the administrative district of Chemnitz . On January 1, 2012, Leisnig merged with the Bockelwitz community.

Incorporations

Former parish date annotation
Altenhof July 1, 1963 Incorporation to Naunhof
Old track July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Polditz
Beiersdorf January 1, 1952 Incorporation to Naunhof
Bockelwitz January 1, 2012
Börtewitz March 1, 1991 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
Bruise 1st January 1969
Clennen October 1, 1937 Incorporation according to customs
Dobernitz July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Kroptewitz
Doberquitz October 1, 1937 Incorporation according to customs
Doberschwitz August 1, 1936 Incorporation to Zschockau
Fishing village October 1, 1965
Görnitz July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Polkenberg
Gorschmitz 1st January 1969
Großpelsen April 1, 1938 Incorporation to Börtewitz
Hetzdorf July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Naundorf
Kalthausen August 1, 1936 Incorporation to Zschockau
Kleinpelsen April 1, 1938 Incorporation to Börtewitz
Monastery book (with Scheergrund) October 1, 1965
Monastery book, manor district March 21, 1949 Incorporation according to the monastery book
Korpitzsch July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Polkenberg
Kroptewitz December 28, 1962 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
People joke July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
Marschwitz July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Polditz
Meinitz October 1, 1965
Minkwitz January 1, 1992
Naundorf July 1, 1963 Incorporation to Naunhof
Naunhof March 15, 1992 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
Nice sweat July 1, 1950 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
Paudritzsch, manor district around 1920 Incorporation according to the monastery book
Polditz June 1, 1973 Incorporation to Polkenberg
Polkenberg January 1, 1999 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
Queckhain January 1, 1952 Incorporation to Minkwitz
Röda October 10, 1965 Incorporation to Gorschmitz
Manners June 1, 1973 Incorporation to Bockelwitz
Tautendorf January 1, 1952 Incorporation to Brösen
Tragnitz January 1, 1960
Zennewitz before 1875 Incorporation to Görnitz
Zeschwitz October 1, 1937 Incorporation to Görnitz
Customs sweat July 1, 1963 Incorporation to Naunhof
Zschockau October 1, 1965 Incorporation to Polkenberg

Population development

In 2000, 7585 residents lived in Leisnig and 2893 in Bockelwitz, a total of 10478 residents. In 2010 there were still 9090 inhabitants in both municipalities, which corresponds to a decrease of around 13 percent.

year 1834 1885 1925 1933 1939 1946 a 1950 b 1960 1990 2004 2007 2009 2011 2012 2013
Residents 4,795 7,315 7,712 8,108 9,776 10,077 9,590 8,585 11,697 7,054 6,734 6,491 8,909 8,685 8,586
from 1960 December 31 - source from 2004: State Statistical Office Saxony
a Census of October 29, 1946
b Census of August 31, 1950

politics

City council election 2019
Turnout: 62.7% (2014: 49.8%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
35.5%
26.0%
16.9%
15.6%
6.0%
n. k.
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
 12
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-9.1  % p
+1.3  % p
-4.3  % p
+ 10.6  % p
+ 4.3  % p
-2.7  % p
Town hall on the market square (2009)

City council

Since the city ​​council election on May 26, 2019 , the 18 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:

mayor

The civil engineer Tobias Goth (* 1972 in Leisnig) has been the mayor since 2008.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In black and a golden battlements with breitbedachtem erkerverziertem gate tower and open gate; on the tower above the gate a golden shield with a black diagonal bar, accompanied by three black diamonds. "

Town twinning

Leisnig maintains city ​​partnerships with Bünde in North Rhine-Westphalia , with Oggiono in Lombardy (Italy) and with the Hungarian city of Halásztelek .

Culture and sights

Museums

Mildenstein Castle with museum

The museum at Mildenstein Castle was established in 1890 by the Leisniger History and Antiquity Association. In addition to an exhibition on the history of the castle, which includes important finds such as Bohemian glasses from the 14th century, there are also newly established exhibitions on the prison system and the Leisnig office. In the Boot Museum on the outer bailey, which was inaugurated in 2006, the city's landmark, the giant boot, is exhibited. There is a small gallery in the town hall with exhibitions that change several times each year.

Buildings

Church of St. Matthäi, built 1460–1484 on a Romanesque precursor
Coat of arms of the Apian family on the market in Leisnig
Water tower

The 1000 year old Mildenstein Castle with a Romanesque watch tower is located on the northwestern edge of the city center. The main structure of the building comes from the 14th and 15th centuries, changes were made in the 16th and 18th centuries. Near the Schlossberg is the donkey fountain from 1938, which reminds of the donkeys that once served the city. The largely preserved old town with the late Gothic town church of St. Matthäi extends below the castle . The elements preserved from the construction of the hall church include the star vault in the nave and the net vault in the chancel . The baptismal font was donated by a Leisnig family in 1638, only one year after the church was destroyed during the war. The altar (1663/64) is the work of the sculptor Valentin Otte and the painter Johann Richter, both from Meißen. The pulpit comes from the Hainichen town church, which was demolished in 1906 . Diagonally across from the town church is the late Gothic superintendent from the 15th century. At the house market 13 there is the apianische crest. The western edge of the historic old town is determined by the painter's corner with its crouched houses and winding streets. In 1900, a monument in honor of Carl Ferdinand Adam , a founder of the German singing movement, was erected on Peter-Apian-Platz . On Lindenplatz next to it is the reconstructed Kursächsische Postdistenzsäule made of Rochlitz porphyry , the original coat of arms of which is kept in the museum at the castle. Next to it has been the home fountain , which has also been made of Rochlitz porphyry and designed by the sculptor Heinrich Goetschmann since 1902 . The second church in the old town is the architecturally simple cemetery church of St. Nicolai from 1540 on the southern edge.

The renovated water tower is used by the water industry.

Four kilometers upstream from the city center is the Buch monastery , a former Cistercian monastery with some of the structures that have been preserved. Other sacred buildings worth seeing in the parish are the Romanesque church “St. Aegidien ”from the 12th century in Altenhof, the Bockelwitz village church from 1797, the neo-Romanesque Nikolaikirche in Polditz from 1865 with an organ from the workshop of Friedrich Ladegast (1868) and the church in Sion, first mentioned in 1214. The former moated castle in Sion from the 16th century is now a primary school. In Leuterwitz there is a wind turbine for power generation (technical monument) from 1922.

Green spaces and recreation

The castle is lined by the castle park and the Miruspark, on the southern edge of the old town are Johannistal- and Stadtpark. There is a game reserve in Görnitz.

Economy and Infrastructure

DMI archive organization

Companies

The archiving service provider DMI GmbH & Co. KG, based in Münster , acquired the ailing properties of a former textile company on the Mulde after the political change. In the meantime, the Leisnig subsidiary DMI Archivorganisation GmbH & Co. KG with more than 350 employees is the largest DMI location and at the same time the largest employer in Leisnig.

The hospital , privatized in 1996, is a standard care provider with 175 beds.

Sigismund Reschke Primary School

education

The town's secondary school is the Peter Apian secondary school in Leisnig , while primary education is provided by the Sigismund Reschke primary school on Lindenplatz and the Emil Naumann primary school in Sion. There are day-care centers beyond the city center in Polkenberg, Börtewitz, Altenhof and Sitten.

traffic

The city is easy to reach via the A 14 (junction Leisnig) and the federal highways 107 , 169 and 175 , and it is on the Borsdorf – Coswig railway line and on the Mulderadweg , which runs from Holzhau downstream to Dessau .

Personalities

Sons and daughters

Kerstin Behrendt 1990

Personalities who have worked on site

literature

  • Chronicle of Leisnig , 2 volumes.
  • Max Grimmer: 1700–1954 . Leisniger Geschichts- und Heimatverein, Leisnig 2003, ISBN 3-00-012023-8 , 277 pp.
  • Margot Burkhard, Renate Fischer, Norbert Giersch: 1955–1970 . Leisniger Geschichts- und Heimatverein, Leisnig 2006, ISBN 978-3-00-019306-4 , 187 pp.
  • Margot Burkhard, Renate Fischer, Norbert Giersch: 1970–1989 Leisniger History and Local History Association, Leisnig 2011, ISBN 978-3-00-034819-8
  • Johann Kamprad: Leisnigker Chronica or description of the very old town of Leisnigk. A chronica of the neighboring town of Colditz is particularly attached . Leisnig 1753 ( e-copy )
  • Jens Kunze: The Leisnig office in the 15th century. Constitution, economy, everyday life. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2007, ISBN 978-3-86583-027-2 , ( Writings on Saxon History and Folklore 21), (partial print of: Leipzig, Univ., Diss., 2004/2005), 418 pp.
  • Eduard von Mildenstein (ed.): Chronicle of the city of Leisnig . Verlag Albert Bethke, Leisnig 1857 ( digitized version )
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Leisnig. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 25th booklet: Office governance Döbeln . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1903, p. 109.
  • Leißnig . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 5th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1818, pp. 605-613.
  • An extensive tradition of the Leisnig City Court for the period 1570–1849 on court and local administration, criminal, civil and voluntary jurisdiction, court books and court records can be found in the Saxon State Archives, State Archives Leipzig, stock 20610 City Leisnig (City Court).

Web links

Commons : Leisnig  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Leißnig in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Leisnig  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019  ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Small-scale municipality gazette. (PDF; 1.26 MB) Population, households, families and their housing situation on May 9, 2011. State Statistical Office of Saxony, accessed on November 3, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e Digital Historical Directory of Saxony - Leisnig
  4. ^ Digital historical place directory Saxony - Tragnitz
  5. ↑ Digital historical place directory Saxony - Altleisnig
  6. ^ Location of the city wall on a map drawn up around 1680
  7. ↑ a b Karlheinz Blaschke. The urban system from the 12th to the 19th century. Booklet accompanying map B II 6 of the Atlas of the History and Regional Studies of Saxony, Leipzig / Dresden 2003, p. 21
  8. ↑ Frauke Gränitz: Land traffic routes as factors in the development of the cultural landscape and the road system in the Electorate of Saxony from 1648 to 1800. The example road train Leipzig - Deutscheinsiedel. Dissertation TU Chemnitz, Chemnitz 2007, p. 117
  9. ↑ Timeline. City of Leisnig, accessed on August 11, 2012 .
  10. ↑ Mayor Anton Clauss. City of Leisnig, accessed on August 11, 2012 .
  11. ↑ Cornelius Gurlitt : Leisnig. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 25th booklet: Office governance Döbeln . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1903, p. 109.
  12. ↑ Leißnig . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 5th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1818, pp. 605-613.
  13. ↑ Eduard von Mildenstein (ed.): Chronicle of the city of Leisnig . Verlag Albert Bethke, Leisnig 1857, p. 113
  14. ^ City of Leisnig - history as a garrison town
  15. ↑ a b Karlheinz Blaschke: Leisnig. In: Walter Schlesinger (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 8: Saxony (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 312). Kröner, Stuttgart 1965, DNB 456882952 , p. 199.
  16. ↑ Johannes Kamprad: The now living Leißnig, with its houses and other buildings, as well as enclosed villages, all kinds of artists, craftsmen, and living people at this time, plan from 1753
  17. ↑ Eduard von Mildenstein (ed.): Chronicle of the city of Leisnig . Verlag Albert Bethke, Leisnig 1857, p. 135
  18. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y municipalities in 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  19. ↑ a b c d e Area changes. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony
  20. ↑ a b c d e f g The Saxony Book . Municipal publishing house Saxony, Dresden 1943
  21. ↑ Lists of the municipalities incorporated since May 1945 and evidence of the breakdown of the independent manor districts and state forest districts , 1952. Ed. Ministry of the Interior of Saxony
  22. ^ Community and place directory for the Kingdom of Saxony , 1904. Ed .: Statistical Bureau of the Royal Ministry of the Interior
  23. ↑ Results of the 2019 municipal council elections
  24. ↑ leisnig.de
  25. ^ Manfred Bensing, Karlheinz Blaschke, Karl Czok, Gerhard Kehrer, Heinz Machatscheck: Lexicon cities and coats of arms of the GDR . Ed .: Heinz Göschel. 2. rework. and exp. Edition. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1984, p. 256 .
  26. ↑ D. Wurzel: City partnership with the Hungarian city of Halásztelek. City of Leisnig, accessed on August 11, 2012 (reproduction of an article in the Döbelner Allgemeine Zeitung , October 28, 2009).
  27. ^ Church of St. Pankratius in Tragnitz. City of Leisnig, accessed on August 11, 2012 .
  28. ↑ Peter Apian (1495-1552). City of Leisnig, accessed on August 11, 2012 .
  29. ↑ DMI website
  30. ↑ Leisnig (City Court). In: State Archives Leipzig. Retrieved March 26, 2020 . (Info text on Leisniger City Court under "Introduction")