Würschnitz (river)
Würschnitz Beuthenbach (on the upper course) |
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The Würschnitz in Chemnitz-Harthau . |
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Data | ||
Water code | DE : 54182 | |
location | Saxony , Germany | |
River system | Elbe | |
Drain over | Chemnitz → Zwickauer Mulde → Mulde → Elbe → North Sea | |
source | at Grüna 50 ° 38 ′ 59 ″ N , 12 ° 44 ′ 1 ″ E |
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Source height | approx. 518 m above sea level NHN | |
Confluence in Chemnitz | with the Zwönitz to Chemnitz Coordinates: 50 ° 47 '23 " N , 12 ° 55' 26" E 50 ° 47 '23 " N , 12 ° 55' 26" E |
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Mouth height | 313.1 m above sea level NHN | |
Height difference | approx. 204.9 m | |
Bottom slope | approx. 7.1 ‰ | |
length | 29 km | |
Catchment area | 137 km² | |
Discharge at the gauge Harthau A Eo : 135.7 km² Location: 700 m above the mouth |
NNQ (1975-08-15) MNQ 1965/2005 MQ 1965/2005 Mq 1965/2005 MHQ 1965/2005 HHQ (2002-08-13) |
60 l / s 212 l / s 1.48 m³ / s 10.9 l / (s km²) 29.5 m³ / s 115 m³ / s |
Left tributaries | Badbach, Jahnsdorfer Bach, Höhlbach | |
Right tributaries | Berbisdorfer Bach, Tiergartenbach, Klaffenbach, Adorfer Bach, Leukersdorfer Bach, Goldbach, Gablenzbach | |
Flowing lakes | no | |
Reservoirs flowed through | no |
The Würschnitz is the western headwaters of the Chemnitz .
course
The river rises as Beuth stream at the boundary of districts Gruena and Beutha in Middle Ore to about 518 m ü.NHN. Originally the brook originated about 600 m to the east at about 550 m above sea level . This part lies under the former Zwönitz – Chemnitz Süd railway line and is now piped. From Neuwürschnitz onwards it is called Würschnitz . In the Steegenwiesen it unites with the Gablenzbach , which is also called Stollberger Water . These two main spring arms have a catchment area of roughly the same size of 40 km² each and drain the Stollberg-Beuthaer plateau. From the Steegenwiesen to Klaffenbach, the Würschnitz flows through a small landscape of the Erzgebirge basin, the Pfaffenhainer Würschnitztal. With its gentle slopes, it is hardly deeper than 20–40 m. Even the mountain-side slopes, which are largely covered by loess , rise almost imperceptibly to the foot of the edge of the mountain. In between, however, there is a floodplain, which is unusually wide at 400–600 m. Only the porphyry tuff of the Neukirchener Forest narrows this short stretch to about 200 m. On the other hand, at the Steegenwiesen it expands up to 1000 m. This valley section thus forms a very flat Muldensohltal , which is seldom seen in this form even in the hilly country.
Apparently the Würschnitz, which runs parallel to the mountain roof, lacks the erosion impulses, as the average longitudinal gradient of the valley is only 5 meters per kilometer. This explains the once steady pendulum of the river and the associated wide floodplain, which is mostly covered with silty sediments. It is largely damp and waterlogged. Large parts of the flat valley slopes are also moderately to heavily waterlogged, especially the southern ones, where arable farming has only been promising since drainage. This 10 km long, flat and wet valley was hardly populated for a long time and remained anti-traffic until well into the 19th century. With the exception of the Hagenhufendorf Pfaffenhain , founded on the northern slope, there were once only a few mills and the Neukirchen moated castle.
In the area of Harthau , the Würschnitz cuts through the edge of the Ore Mountains in a narrow sole valley before it merges with the Zwönitz to form Chemnitz . The total length of the Würschnitz is 29 km, the longitudinal gradient around 230 m. At 137 km², its catchment area is hardly inferior to that of the Zwönitz . The natural mean discharge at the union of Würschnitzbach and Gablenzbach is specified as 0.79 m³ / s, of which 0.38 m³ / s is accounted for by the Gablenzbach. Extrapolated to the entire catchment area at the confluence with the Zwönitz, this results in an average discharge of around 1.5 m³ / s 1 (compared to 1.72 m³ / s of the Zwönitz).
fauna
The Würschnitz used to be considered rich in fish. The Chemnitz monks bought trout , loaches and white fish as well as crayfish as a fasting food from here. Four cans of fish and eight guilders rent were to be paid annually to the monastery for one of four parcels into which the river was divided.
Surname
The stream identifier may consist of the Altsorbischen be interpreted either as Viŕšnica , ie as a stream that flows through hilly terrain, or as a fish trap stream by deriving from the pre-Slavic , which is considered probable interpretation.
Others
From the Niederwürschnitz / Niederdorf road bridge to the confluence with the Zwönitz , the river is a first-order body of water under the Saxon Water Act.
As part of the flood control measures for the Chemnitz region took place at the headwaters east of Thierfeld the construction of flood retention basin Neuwürschnitz . Construction started on June 2, 2014, and was completed in autumn 2016.
Upper course of the Würschnitz in the Beuthner Forest in the area of the former Mark Wittendorf
Würschnitz flood in 1954 near Lichtensteiner Strasse in Niederwürschnitz
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Environment Directorate Saxony: Event analysis 2010, chap. 2 Description of the area , p. 22 (accessed on June 9, 2014)
- ↑ Hydrological Handbook. (PDF; 637 kB) Part 3 - Main aquatic values. Free State of Saxony - State Office for Environment and Geology, p. 54 , accessed on December 25, 2017 .
- ^ Rolf Höfer: Hike along the Würschnitz . In: Würschnitztaler Anzeiger . Volume 15, No. 7 , July 24, 2009, p. 10–12 ( online [PDF; accessed June 8, 2014]).
- ^ Karlheinz Hengst : Place names of Southwest Saxony: the place names of the districts of Chemnitzer Land and Stollberg . In: German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . tape 39 , 2003, ISBN 3-05-003684-2 .