Loach-like

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Loach-like
Beaufortia k Weichowensis, a representative of the fin suckers (Balitoridae)

Beaufortia k Weichowensis , a representative of the fin suckers (Balitoridae)

Systematics
Overcohort : Clupeocephala
Cohort : Otomorpha
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
without rank: Otophysa
Order : Carp-like (Cypriniformes)
Subordination : Loach-like
Scientific name
Cobitoidei

The loach-like or loaches in the broader sense (Cobitoidea) are a subordination of the carp-like (Cypriniformes). The heterogeneous group is characterized by a thorn located under the eye, which can be folded down and locked in the event of danger, and the lower mouth, which is shaped for suction purposes.

Loaches are native to the freshwater rivers of Europe and Asia; they prefer fast-flowing waters, in which they can hold on to the solid objects of the bottom of the water by means of their suction organs and move around almost crawling.

Systematics

The loach-like comprise about 100 genera with about 1000 species. Nelson (2016) divides them into eleven families with over 120 genera and almost 1200 species:

On the basis of molecular genetic studies, the subfamilies Nemacheilinae and Botiinae have recently been raised to family rank and the “nemacheiline” genera Vaillantella and Ellopostoma have been placed in their own families. The position of the catostomids has proven to be uncertain, as it fluctuates between a sister group relationship to all other cobitoids and a sister group relationship to all other carp species. The family relationships are illustrated by the following cladogram :

  Carp-like (Cypriniformes)  

 ? Suckers (Catostomidae)


   
 Loaches  sensu lato  (Cobitoidea)  

 ? Suckers (Catostomidae)


   

 Sucking Loaches (Gyrinocheilidae)


   

 Clown loaches (Botiidae)


   

 Longfin loaches (Vaillantellidae)


   

 Loaches or loaches sensu stricto (Cobitidae)


   

 Fin Sucker (Balitoridae)


   

 "Malfunctioning mouths"  (Ellopostomatidae)


   

 Brook loaches (Nemacheilidae)









   

 Carp fish (Cyprinoidea)




In a comprehensive monograph on loach-like species, the Swiss ichthyologist Maurice Kottelat (2012) separates the Catostomids from the superfamily Cobitoidea and summarizes the grouping Catostomidae + Cobitoidea for the subordination Cobitoidei . Furthermore, he spun off several genera from the Balitoridae, for which he established the monogeneric families Barbuccidae and Serpenticobitidae and reactivated the Gastromyzontidae family, which in the recent past was no longer traded as a valid taxon .

literature

  • Jörg Bohlen, Vendula Šlechtová: Phylogenetic position of the fish genus Ellopostoma (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) using molecular genetic data. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. Vol. 20, No. 2, 2009, pp. 157–162 ( PDF ; 1.8 MB)
  • Wei-Jen Chen, V. Lheknim, Richard L. Mayden: Molecular phylogeny of the Cobitoidea (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) revisited: position of enigmatic loach Ellopostoma resolved with six nuclear genes. Journal of Fish Biology. Vol. 75, No. 9, 2009 pp. 2197-2208, doi : 10.1111 / j.1095-8649.2009.02398.x
  • Maurice Kottelat : Conspectus cobitidum: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei) . The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplementum No. 26, 2012, 199 pp. ( PDF ; 5.4 MB)
  • Richard L. Mayden, Kevin L. Tang, Robert M. Wood, Wei-Jen Chen, Mary K. Agnew, Kevin W. Conway, Lei Yang, Andrew M. Simons, Henry L. Bart, Phillip M. Harris, Junbing Li , Xuzhen Wang, Kenji Saitoh, Shunping He, Huanzhang Liu, Yiyu Chen, Mutsumi Nishida, Masaki Miya: Inferring the Tree of Life of the order Cypriniformes, the earth's most diverse clade of freshwater fishes: Implications of varied taxon and character sampling. Journal of Systematics and Evolution. Vol. 46, No. 3, 2008, pp. 424–438 ( PDF , 455 kB)
  • Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
  • Vendula Šlechtová, Jörg Bohlen, Heok Hui Tan: Families of Cobitoidea (Teleostei; Cypriniformes) as revealed from nuclear genetic data and the position of the mysterious genera Barbucca , Psilorhynchus , Serpenticobitis and Vaillantella. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Vol. 44, No. 3, 2007, pp. 1358-1365

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joseph S. Nelson, Terry C. Grande, Mark VH Wilson: Fishes of the World. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2016, ISBN 978-1118342336
  2. ↑ Šlechtová et al. (2007)
  3. ↑ a b c Chen et al. (2009)
  4. ↑ a b c Bohlen & Šlechtová (2009)
  5. ↑ Mayden et al. (2008)

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