New Town District
The Neustädter Kreis , later Neustädter Kreis , was an administrative area of Saxony and Thuringia until 1922.
Geographical expansion
The area of the Neustädter Kreis is today in the southeast of the Free State of Thuringia . The district protruded as a narrow strip into the area of the Thuringian small states and only had a small territorial connection to the rest of the Electorate of Saxony in the east . Important places in the district were Neustadt / Orla and Weida . The district was traversed in the west by the Orla and a small part of the Saale . In the east the Weida flowed into the White Elster . Several exclaves belonged to the circle.
Adjacent areas
| Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg (western district) | Principality of Reuss younger line | Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg (Eastern District) |
| Principality of Saxony-Coburg-Saalfeld |
.svg)
|
Erzgebirge district |
| Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt | Principalities of Reuss younger line and Reuss older line |
history
Electorate of Saxony before 1816
The three offices of Weida, Arnshaugk and Ziegenrück came in the 13th and 14th. Century under the rule of the Wettins . After the division of Leipzig in 1485, they belonged to the Ernestine line of the Wettins. With the introduction of the Reformation in 1529 the secularized monastery office in Mildenfurth came under electoral sequestration . After the defeat of the Ernestines in the Schmalkaldic War in 1547, the four offices initially remained under the rule of the Ernestines, but came under the rule of the Grumbach trade after the execution of the empire against Duke Johann Friedrich II. In 1567 as "underwritten offices" in pledge possession of the Albertines .
From 1660 the four offices were fully integrated into the Albertine electorate. The Neustadt district with the offices of Arnshaugk, Ziegenrück, Weida and Mildenfurth was created as one of the seven districts of the Electorate of Saxony and the Kingdom of Saxony . Between 1657 and 1718 the Neustädter Kreis belonged to the secondary school principality of Saxony-Zeitz .
| Office | Official seat | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Arnshaugk Office |
Arnshaugk later: Neustadt / Orla |
with Triptis , Auma , Ranis , Kamsdorf exclave |
| Office Ziegenrück | Ziegenrück | from 1788 managed jointly with the Arnshaugk office |
| Weida Office | Weida | with Berga / Elster |
| Office Mildenfurth | Mildenfurth , from 1788 Weida | from 1788 managed jointly with the Weida Office |
Thuringian part after 1816
After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Prussia was initially awarded the entire Neustädter Kreis. However, since the kingdom had undertaken in Art. 37 of the Congress Act to cede to the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach areas bordering or neighboring areas with at least 50,000 inhabitants to his Principality of Weimar, Prussia and Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach agreed in separate negotiations on the Assignment (among others) of the eastern parts of the Neustädter Kreis, so that only a remainder, i.e. H. the western parts of the offices of Ziegenrück (with Ziegenrück and the Saale crossings) and Arnshaugk (with the area around Ranis and the exclave of Kamsdorf ) remained with Prussia. So the territory of the offices of Arnshaugk (larger eastern part) with Ziegenrück (smaller eastern part), and Weida with Mildenfurth came to the Grand Duchy, where it was also known as the "Neustädter Kreis" and formed the southeast of the three large parts of the country. Its area was just under 629 km² (1895: 52,016 inhabitants). The largest cities were Neustadt / Orla Triptis , Auma , Weida and Berga / Elster as well as the exclaves Russdorf , Teichwolframsdorf and Förthen . In 1850, the Neustadt an der Orla administrative district was formed in the Neustädter Kreis . In the Free State of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach (1918–1920) the Neustadt an der Orla administrative district also remained a territorial unit.
Prussian part after 1816
The southern part of the old district of Electoral Saxony with the western parts of the offices of Ziegenrück (with the Ziegenrück and the Saale crossings) and Arnshaugk (with the area around Ranis ) remained with Prussia. There was also the exclave of Kamsdorf from the Arnshaugk office and four exclaves with the town of Gefell from the Plauen office ( Vogtland district ). Ziegenrück became a district town in the administrative district of Erfurt in the Prussian province of Saxony in 1815 . Initially this district was called Neustadt (without the town of the same name), but from 1820 at the latest it was called the district of Ziegenrück . The district office was in Ranis Castle . The district of Ziegenrück existed until 1945. In 1866 the previously Bavarian exclave of Kaulsdorf (Saale) was incorporated into it.
successor
In 1922 the above Counties and applied to newly formed districts of the region (. Eg district Gera , district of Greiz , district Saalfeld) divided. In the course of the administrative reform of 1952, the Pößneck district was formed, which is based on the historical model of the Neustadt district. However, the district seat has now been moved to the attached Pößneck. In 1994 the administrative unit, now known as the Pößneck district, was dissolved and merged into the Saale-Orla district . Today, areas from the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach (Neustädtischer Kreis), Prussia ( Ziegenrück ), Saxony-Meiningen (Pößneck) and the Reussian principalities ( Schleiz and Lobenstein ) are united there.
See also
- List of the districts and other areas of Electoral Saxony
- Administrative division of Saxony
- History of the administrative structure of Thuringia
literature
- Christoph Gotthelf Stemler: The Pagus Orla, or history of the Neustädischen Creis. Teubner, Leipzig 1750 ( digitized version )
