Office Ziegenrück

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The Ziegenrück office was a territorial administrative unit of the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806, in the Neustädter Kreis . Between 1657 and 1718 the Office for Albertine belonged Sekundogenitur -Fürstentum Saxe-Zeitz .

Until the cession to Prussia in 1815 and the cession of the eastern part to Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach , as a Saxon office it formed the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , judiciary and army successes .

Geographical expansion

The area of ​​the Ziegenrück office lay on both banks of the Upper Saale on the northern edge of the Thuringian Slate Mountains . Historically, the area belonged to the Thuringian Vogtland .

The Ziegenrück office included the town of Ziegenrück and an exclave. The former official area is today in the southeast of the Free State of Thuringia and is mostly in the Saale-Orla district , five places in the southeast are now in the Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district .

Adjacent administrative units

Arnshaugk Office
Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt ( suzerainty ) Neighboring communities Principality of Reuss Younger Line (Schleiz)
Principality of Reuss Younger Line (Lobenstein) Principality of Reuss older line (Burgk)

history

Early history

Ziegenrück was founded around the year 1000. The place name Ziegenrück can be traced back to the Sorbian name Czegenruck , which means something like river bend or river loop . The first written mention of the place comes from the year 1258.

The Ziegenrück Castle (now: Kemenate Ziegenrück ) was a bastion of the Saalfeld estate complex and was first mentioned in 1222. It was strategically located on a rock spur high above the Saale and probably served to monitor and secure the river crossing of the Saale for the former road from north to south.

Lords of Orlamünde

Ziegenrück Castle and the surrounding area were originally owned by the Counts of Orlamünde . Elisabeth (the elder) of Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk , a presumably born Countess of Orlamünde (* around 1262, † August 22, 1331) was with Hartmann XI. von Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk , who owned the neighboring Arnshaugk estate . After his death, she married the Landgrave of Thuringia and Margrave of Meißen , Albrecht II the Degenerate, in 1290 . She brought into this marriage the possessions of the Lobdeburg-Arnshaugker line and the Counts of Orlamünde, whereby u. a. the places Neustadt an der Orla , Auma (both later belonged to the Arnshaugk office ) and Ziegenrück (later belonged to the Ziegenrück office) came to the Wettin margraviate of Meissen after 1300 .

The son of Albrechts, Friedrich I the bitten (* 1257 ; † November 16, 1323 ), married the 14-year-old heir daughter Elisabeth von Arnshaugk (* ​​1286; † August 22, 1359), daughter of Hartmann, in 1300 in the second marriage XI. from Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk . Her mother of the same name was the third wife of Albrecht the Degenerate and thus also Friedrich's stepmother.

Vögte von Plauen

Not only Friedrich was favored by the emperor, but also the landgrave guardian of Elisabeth, Vogt Heinrich II. Von Plauen , to whom territories were also assigned. Friedrich also left the castles Triptis , Auma and Ziegenrück to the Reussians, who were related to the bailiffs of Plauen, as a pledge for the sum of 3,000 shock Meissen groschen , which he owed and the emperor agreed.

Gradual transition to Wettin ownership

As a result of the question of supremacy in Thuringia , from 1342 to 1346 there was the Thuringian Count War between the Counts of Schwarzburg , Weimar-Orlamünde and Hohnstein and the bailiffs of Gera and Plauen against Friedrich the Serious from the House of Wettin .

After the failure of a peace, Friedrich tried to weaken the opposing alliance by concluding individual separate peace treaties with his opponents (including the bailiffs of Gera and Plauen in 1343). As a result, the bailiffs of Plauen had to recognize the feudal rule of the Wettins over the rule of Ziegenrück.

As a result of the Vogtland War ( 1354 to 1357 ), the Plauen bailiffs lost almost all of their property. Heinrich IV. From the older line (House Mühltroff) had to sell his possessions, whereby the towns of Auma , Triptis and Ziegenrück , which were later to be found in Neustädter Kreis , went to the Wettins in 1356 .

Electorate and Duchy of Saxony

When Leipzig was partitioned in 1485, the Ziegenrück office came to the Ernestine line of the Wettins . After the defeat of the Ernestines in the Schmalkaldic War in 1547, it initially remained under the rule of the Duchy of Saxony of the Ernestines. In 1567, as a result of the Grumbachian Handel, after the execution of the Reich against Duke Johann Friedrich II, who had been put into eight , it came to the Albertinian line as security (pledge) and was called an "underwritten office" .

In 1660 the office was completely ceded to them and since then has formed the Neustadt district of the Electorate of Saxony with the offices of Weida , Mildenfurth and Arnshaugk .

Between 1657 and 1718, was one of the Neustadt district and its four offices for Sekundogenitur -Fürstentum Saxe-Zeitz . From 1788 the offices of Arnshaugk and Ziegenrück were carried out in personal union by the same officials. After several fires, Ziegenrück Castle was demolished in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Prussia or Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

As a result of the defeat of the Kingdom of Saxony , the Congress of Vienna in 1815 decided to assign territories to the Kingdom of Prussia . a. initially affected the entire Neustädter Kreis with its four offices.

However, since the Kingdom of Prussia had undertaken in Art. 37 of the Congress Act to cede to the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach areas bordering or neighboring areas with at least 50,000 inhabitants to his Principality of Weimar, Prussia and Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach reached an agreement in separate negotiations the assignment (among others) of the eastern parts of the Neustädter Kreis , so that only a remainder, i.e. H. the western parts of the offices of Ziegenrück (with Ziegenrück and the Saale crossings) and Arnshaugk (with the area around Ranis and the exclave of Kamsdorf ) remained with Prussia.

Successor to the Ziegenrück office in Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach

The smaller eastern part of the district Ziegenrück with 7 places and the exclave Kleina was combined with the territory of the offices Arnshaugk (larger eastern part), Weida and Mildenfurth to the "Neustädter Kreis" of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, where it is the southeastern of the three large parts of the country educated. In 1868 the Neustadt an der Orla administrative district was formed from the Neustadt district . In the Free State of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach (1918–1920) the Neustadt an der Orla administrative district also remained a territorial unit.

After the formation of the state of Thuringia in 1920, the Neustadt an der Orla administrative district was dissolved and assigned to the Gera , Greiz , Jena-Roda and Schleiz districts .

Successor to the Ziegenrück Office in Prussia

The western parts of the offices of Ziegenrück (with Ziegenrück ) and Arnshaugk (i.e. the area around Ranis with the exclave of Kamsdorf ) remained near Prussia after the division of the Neustädter Kreis and became the newly founded “Kreis Neustadt” (without the city of the same name) in the Erfurt administrative district in 1816 united in the Prussian province of Saxony . The district office of the area renamed " Kreis Ziegenrück " in 1820 was Ranis Castle . The district of Ziegenrück existed until the dissolution of Prussia in 1945.

The exclaves of the Vogtland office of Plauen , d. H. the town of Gefell and the towns of Blintendorf , Sparnberg and Blankenberg also came as exclaves to the Prussian district of Ziegenrück, which was itself an exclave within the province of Saxony .

As a result of the lost German War of 1866, the exclave Kaulsdorf an der Saale , which at that time belonged to the Kingdom of Bavaria , fell back to Prussia and was assigned to the district of Ziegenrück.

Successor to the Ziegenrück office after 1945

On October 1, 1945, the district of Ziegenrück was dissolved. His area was incorporated into the Thuringian districts of Saalfeld and Schleiz .

With the administrative reform of 1952 , the area of ​​the former district of Ziegenrück became part of the districts of Pößneck , Schleiz and Lobenstein .

With the district reform in Thuringia in 1994 , most of the area became part of the Saale-Orla district , while some places in the southwest became part of the Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district .

Associated places

Cities
Villages (after 1816 to Prussia)
Villages (after 1816 to Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach)
Other property
  • Obermühle in Ziegenrück (first mentioned in a document in 1258).

Bailiffs (selection)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wilfried Warsitzka: The Thuringian Landgrave , Verlag Dr. Bussert & Stadeler, 2004, ISBN 3-932906-22-5 , pp. 260, 293, 294.
  2. ↑ Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia. Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 225.
  3. ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 279.
  4. ↑ Ziegenrück Castle
  5. ↑ Werner Diezel: Mills between the upper Saale and Thuringian basin. Rockstuhl Verlag, Bad Langensalza, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86777-453-6 , p. 18.

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