Grumbachian Handel
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Under Grumbach Feud one understands one by Wilhelm von Grumbach named episode in the history of Ernestine Wettiner from the year 1567 that to life imprisonment for Duke Johann Friedrich II. Middle of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach should lead.
The House of Wettin had split into two lines in the Leipzig division in 1485 , the Ernestines and the Albertines . The Saxon electorate initially remained with the older, the Ernestine line. In 1547, however, Elector Johann Friedrich the Magnanimous lost the battle of Mühlberg and with it the Schmalkaldic War against Emperor Karl V and had to agree to the permanent transfer of the Saxon electorate to the Albertines in the Wittenberg surrender . Johann Friedrich the Magnanimous, who died in 1554, was followed by his three sons, Johann Friedrich II. The Middle , Johann Wilhelm and Johann Friedrich III. the younger one initially together. In 1565, however, the two older brothers agreed on a division of the country. Johann Friedrich II. Received Coburg and Eisenach, Johann Wilhelm Weimar .
Johann Friedrich II took up his residence in Gotha . He continued to claim the electoral dignity that had been revoked from his father. He took in his friend, the knight Wilhelm von Grumbach , when he was under imperial ban because of a breach of the peace . Grumbach encouraged the duke in his daring political ideas. The "angel seer" Hans Tausendschön claimed that angels had appeared to him and had predicted a renewed rise of the Ernestine family. This, Grumbach promised, he would achieve without a military conflict and thus restore the Electorate to the Ernestines. Under Emperor Maximilian II, the imperial ban was imposed on Johann Friedrich II, because he did not surrender Grumbach even after repeated requests. Elector August von Sachsen from Albertine relatives was charged with the execution of the Reich and besieged the city of Gotha and Grimmenstein Castle (see also: Gotha Siege Cliffs ). Johann Friedrich's brother, Johann Wilhelm, also took part in the execution of the Reich.
In the end, Johann Friedrich II had to give up and was taken into imperial captivity in Austria , where he died 29 years later. After a short trial, Grumbach was quartered on the market square in Gotha . Elector August then had a commemorative coin struck in his mint in Dresden in 1567 for the capture of Gotha with a demonstratively large Kurschild and the Latin inscription:
“'Finally the good thing wins' and the inscription on the reverse:' When the city of Gotha was taken in 1567, the punishment of the outlawed besieged enemies of the empire was carried out and the rest of them were put to flight, August, Duke of Saxony and Elector 'Make (this coin).' "
The lands of Johann Friedrich the Middle were first handed over to his brother Johann Wilhelm for administration. In 1572 the two sons of Johann Friedrich II, Johann Casimir and Johann Ernst were reinstated in their father's possessions; However, after the partition of Erfurt, Johann Wilhelm had to share his land with his two nephews. This was the first of a large number of divisions of the Ernestine possessions in Thuringia , through which the Thuringian small states, the Ernestine duchies , emerged.
The Grumbachian Handel are considered the last breach of the peace .
literature
- Friedrich Ortloff : The history of the Grumbachschen Handel . 4 vols. Verlag Frommann, Jena 1869/70.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Walter Haupt: Saxon coinage. Berlin 1974, pp. 275 and 279.