Office Mildenfurth

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The Mildenfurth Office was a territorial administrative unit of the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806, in the Neustädter Kreis . Between 1657 and 1718 the Office for Albertine belonged Sekundogenitur -Fürstentum Saxe-Zeitz .

Until it was ceded to Prussia in 1815 and incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach in 1816, as a Saxon office it was the spatial reference point for the collection of sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and military service .

Geographical expansion

The office Mildenfurth was in the Thuringian Vogtland northeast of the city of Weida at the confluence of the Weida in the White Elster . The official area consisted of two parts with a total of six places on both banks of the Weida . It was enclosed on three sides by the Weida office .

The place Großfalka is today a district of Gera . The other places of the office today belong to the municipality of Wünschendorf / Elster ( district of Greiz ) in the southeast of the Free State of Thuringia .

Adjacent administrative units

The Mildenfurth office was enclosed on three sides by the Weida office .

Weida Office Principality of Reuss younger line (Gera) and Amt Borna (exclave Ziegenhierdsches Ländchen ) Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg (Eastern District)
Weida Office Neighboring communities Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen (Exclave Mosen )
Weida Office Weida Office

history

Early history

Before German settlers settled in the area of ​​confluence of the Weißer Elster and Weida around the year 1000 , Slavs inhabited the region. This is also indicated by the place name of Wünschendorf , which is derived from Wendendorf - Windischendorf. Today Veitsberg -called ridge will initially have a castle worn by one of the six river crossings on the White Elster control and could protect.

One of these fords over the mildness , as this section of the Weida was called in the High Middle Ages , was in Mildenfurth . The river was probably given this name in the course of the German settlement of the Vogtland , which took place from the north.

Bailiff von Weida

The ministerial family of the Vögte von Weida probably moved from Thuringia to the area of ​​the middle and upper White Elster before the middle of the 12th century . The first Vogt Erkenbert I came to Veitsberg . His son Erkenbert II began building the old town castle, which is said to have stood around the site of the Freihaus on the Wieden. A market town was created under their protection.

The bailiff title of the ruling family, which has been held since 1209, can probably be traced back to the bailiwick rights of the extensive holdings of the Quedlinburg monastery in and around Gera . The bailiffs quickly rose to the rank of lordship , and Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian confirmed them in 1329 to be of the same rank as a prince. Several times they were active as Reichslandrichter in Egerland and Pleißenland . The line of the Weida bailiffs ended in 1531.

The Mildenfurth and Cronschwitz monasteries

In 1193, not far from the town of Wünschendorf, the Premonstratensian Monastery of Mildenfurth was donated by Vogt Heinrich II. Von Weida as a house monastery and burial place, which was followed by further extensive donations in 1209. Then the original place name " Mildenfurth " for Wünschendorf (1209: in slavica villa Mildenvorde ) gradually passed to the monastery. The surrounding villages, which were subordinate to the governors of Weida, came into the possession of the Premonstratensian monastery in Mildenfurth.

In 1238 Jutta donated from the House of Lords of Strassberg , the wife of Henry IV. (Around 1182-1249), governor of Weida , the Dominican nuns - monastery Cronschwitz another house monastery for female family members and the Vogtland nobility.

Ernestine Saxony

Especially under Emperor Charles IV , the bailiffs of Weida began to decline in power . As a result of the Vogtland War , the area of ​​the bailiffs of Weida, to which the later office of Weida and the Mildenfurth monastery and its possessions belonged, came under the feudal rule of the Wettins in 1354 . In the period from 1410 to 1427, the area fell to the Wettin Margraves of Meissen .

After the division of Leipzig in 1485, the area of ​​the Mildenfurth monastery belonged to the Ernestine line of the Wettins .

The Reformation was introduced in the area in 1526 . As a result, the monastery property of Mildenfurth and Cronschwitz came under compulsory administration of the Wettin electors of Saxony in 1529 . In 1543 the abolition of the monasteries was carried out and the land was converted into the electoral "Amt Mildenfurth".

Between 1543 and 1617 the Mildenfurth office was awarded as a manor and was mostly mentioned together with the neighboring Weida office . In 1544 the land of the Mildenfurth and Cronschwitz monasteries was sold to Matthes von Wallenrod from Coburg , who had Mildenfurth converted into a Renaissance castle in 1556 .

Albertine Saxony

After the defeat of the Ernestines in the Schmalkaldic War in 1547, the Mildenfurth office initially remained under the rule of the Duchy of Saxony of the Ernestines. In 1567, as a result of the Grumbachian Handel, after the execution of the Reich against Duke Johann Friedrich II, who had been put into eight , it came to the Albertinian line as security (pledge) and was called an "underwritten office" .

After Elector Johann Georg I bought the Mildenfurth property in 1617, Mildenfurth Castle and the former Cronschwitz Monastery were converted into a Saxon chamber property.

In 1660 the Mildenfurth office was completely ceded to the Albertines and since then has formed the New Town District of the Electorate of Saxony with the offices of Weida , Arnshaugk and Ziegenrück . Between 1657 and 1718, was one of the Neustadt district and its four offices for Sekundogenitur -Fürstentum Saxe-Zeitz .

In 1788 the official seat was moved from Mildenfurth to Weida , from there the offices of Weida and Mildenfurth were administered jointly from now on.

Prussia or Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

As a result of the defeat of the Kingdom of Saxony , the Congress of Vienna in 1815 decided to assign territories to the Kingdom of Prussia . a. initially affected the entire Neustädter Kreis with its four offices.

However, since the Kingdom of Prussia had undertaken in Art. 37 of the Congress Act to cede to the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach areas bordering or neighboring areas with at least 50,000 inhabitants to his Principality of Weimar, Prussia and Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach reached an agreement in separate negotiations the assignment (among others) of the eastern parts of the Neustädter Kreis , so that only a remainder, i.e. H. the western parts of the offices of Ziegenrück (with Ziegenrück and the Saale crossings) and Arnshaugk (with the area around Ranis and the exclave of Kamsdorf ) remained with Prussia. So the territory of the offices of Arnshaugk (larger eastern part) with Ziegenrück (smaller eastern part), Weida and Mildenfurth came to the Grand Duchy, where it was also known as the "Neustädter Kreis" and formed the southeast of the three large parts of the country.

The Mildenfurth office was abolished in 1815, and the estate continued to exist as a chamber estate of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach .

Successor to the Mildenfurth office

1868 in the United Duchy Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach from the Neustadt circle of Neustadt administrative district on the Orla formed which in Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach remained a field unit (1918-1920).

After the formation of the state of Thuringia in 1920, the Neustadt an der Orla administrative district was dissolved and assigned to the Gera , Greiz , Jena-Roda and Schleiz districts .

The Kammergut Mildenfurth was expropriated in the course of the land reform in the GDR after 1945 and transferred to the district of Gera . With the administrative reform of 1952, the area of ​​the former Mildenfurth district belonged to the Gera-Land district in the Gera district .

On May 17, 1990, the Gera-Land district was renamed the Gera district. With the re-establishment of the federal states on the territory of the GDR in 1990, the districts were dissolved. The district of Gera was assigned to the state of Thuringia (from 1994 Free State of Thuringia). With the district reform, which came into force on July 1, 1994, the district of Gera was dissolved. Großfalka was incorporated into the independent city of Gera , the other places of the former Mildenfurth district with Wünschendorf / Elster were added to the district of Greiz .

Associated places

Villages
Other property
  • Mildenfurther Klostermühle (first mentioned in a document in 1260)

Bailiffs

u. a.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. The northern Vogtland around Greiz . A geographical inventory in the area of ​​Greiz, Weida, Berga, Triebes, Hohenleuben, Elsterberg, Mylau and Netzschkau. In: Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography (Ed.): Landscapes in Germany . tape 68 . Böhlau Verlag, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-412-09003-4 .
  2. Law on the self-administration of municipalities and districts in the GDR (municipal constitution) of May 17, 1990
  3. name = "Metzler-Poeschel"

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