Weida

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Weida
Weida
Map of Germany, location of the city of Weida highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 46 '  N , 12 ° 4'  E

Basic data
State : Thuringia
County : Greiz
Fulfilling municipality : for crimla
Height : 231 m above sea level NHN
Area : 36.8 km 2
Residents: 8372 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 228 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 07570
Area code : 036603
License plate : GRZ, ZR
Community key : 16 0 76 079
LOCODE : DE WYA
City structure: 8 districts, 5 assigned settlements

City administration address : 		Markt 1
07570 Weida
Website : www.weida.de
Mayor : Heinz Hopfe (independent)
Location of the city of Weida in the district of Greiz
Auma-Weidatal Bad Köstritz Berga/Elster Bethenhausen Bocka Brahmenau Braunichswalde Caaschwitz Crimla Endschütz Gauern Greiz Großenstein Langenwetzendorf Harth-Pöllnitz Hartmannsdorf Hilbersdorf Hirschfeld Hohenleuben Weida Hundhaupten Kauern Korbußen Kraftsdorf Kühdorf Langenwetzendorf Langenwolschendorf Lederhose Linda Lindenkreuz Langenwetzendorf Mohlsdorf-Teichwolframsdorf Münchenbernsdorf Langenwetzendorf Paitzdorf Pölzig Reichstädt Ronneburg Rückersdorf Saara Weida Schwaara Schwarzbach Seelingstädt Weida Teichwitz Weida Weißendorf Langenwetzendorf Wünschendorf Zedlitz Zeulenroda-Triebes Thüringenmap
About this picture

Weida is a city in the Thuringian district of Greiz .

geography

Weida is located on the eastern edge of Thuringia , just under 12 km south of the city of Gera and is located in a valley at the mouth of the Auma River in the Weida amidst wooded mountains. The city in the Thuringian Vogtland is 233 m above sea level (town hall) in the middle of the district of Greiz on the federal highways 92 and 175 .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Crimla , Harth-Pöllnitz , Auma-Weidatal , Hohenleuben , Langenwetzendorf , Berga / Elster , Teichwitz , Wünschendorf / Elster and Zedlitz .

City structure

City structure

According to the main statute of the city of Weida, the urban area has been divided into the districts of Hohenölsen (with Neudörfel , Kleindraxdorf , Horngrund and Ölsengrund ), Schömberg and Steinsdorf (with Graefenbrück , Loitsch and Schüptitz ) since January 1st, 2014 . Before that, Weida had no districts named in the main statute and was divided into old and new towns. In addition, there were the former villages of Deschwitz in the north and Liebsdorf in the west of the city.

history

Weida around 1650
Cityscape
Weida, aerial photo (2011)

During the time of the Great Migration, the Teutons largely left the region and were replaced by Slavs . Then around the year 1000 German settlers came to the area. They cleared forests and farmed fields. The German emperor appointed a dynasty of bailiffs as ministerial administrators of his domains. The bailiffs of Weida are first mentioned in a document in 1122. The first Vogt Erkenbert I came to Veitsberg (Wünschendorf) . His son Erkenbert II began building the old town castle, which is said to have stood around the site of the Freihaus on the Wieden. A market town was created under their protection. Then in the years 1163 to 1193 Vogt Heinrich I built the later Osterburg on the hill to the left of the Weida in the gusset at the mouth of the Auma . From here one controlled the river crossing of the streets. This fortress became the headquarters of the Weida bailiffs. The castle mill once stood below the Osterburg . It was first mentioned in a document in 1385. The Weidaer Lederwerke factory is located on the grounds of the mill. The remains of the castle mill were dismantled from 1994 to 1995. The Rothenmühle was also mentioned for the first time in 1385. 1982–1993 the mill worked under private-sector conditions. It came to a market-economy shutdown in 1993 and resumed work in 1994 under a different owner. In the Auma Valley, the Rothenhofmühle is the oldest and only flour mill that continues to work. There were five more mills on the Weida river: 1. The Katschmühle built between 1484 and 1485 as a grinding, malt and oil mill. It was operational until 1963. The mill building fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1992. The house stopped. 2. The Pfortenmühle maintained the Weida office from 1446 to 1618 with tenants. The mill ditch system of the mill with the Katschmühle was a work of art, they say. This mill also had to give way to the industry in Weida. It made way for a leather factory. 3. The sand or fulling mill was in the old town. She was dependent on the gate mill because she mainly worked with cloth and leather. In 1920 their era was over. The buildings were converted into residential houses. 4. Like the city, the Matthäusmühle in Weidaer Neustadt was first mentioned in documents in 1209. 5. The Weida paper mill was built in 1569–1570 and burned down in 1851. In 1592 the paper was brought to the traders in Leipzig. The end of this mill came in 1851. It burned down. A new weaving mill was built on the site of the fire.

As early as 1209, the market settlement Weida was named a city ( civitas ) in a document ; This makes Weida the oldest town in the Thuringian Vogtland . The Weidaer Matthäusmühle and the Rothemühle were first mentioned in a document from the Weida bailiffs in 1209. The Rothenmühle is still operating today as the last of 34 mills in the Auma catchment area. The castle keep announces today the Ersterbauung the castle, the other buildings were in 1536 as a Renaissance rebuilt concluded.

In a document from 1122, an Erkenbert von Weida ( Erkenbertus de Withaa ) appears for the first time , who named himself and his family after this settlement. Ancestral seat of the bailiffs of Weida was the later called Osterburg, built from 1163 to 1193 on a mountain spur above the city. The bailiffs of Widaa (Weida) resided there until 1427, which is why the city is also known as the “cradle of the Vogtland”.

From 1621 to 1622 there was a tipper mint in the city , in which interim coins (tipper coins) were struck under the mint master Christoph Sundtheim. These were Kipper- Schreckenberger , cruiser pieces and groschen pieces up to the so-called Kippertaler for 60 groschen.

Until 1815 Weida belonged to the Electorate or Kingdom of Saxony ( Neustädtischer Kreis ) and then came to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . When the state of Thuringia was founded in 1920/23, Weida came to the district of Gera .

In August 1925 an occult meeting took place in Weida, the so-called Weida Conference .

In 1943 Weida became the seat of the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt , which came here with 300 scientists and their families from Berlin because of the bombing war . In 1945 "the Allies made use of their stock".

From 1952 Weida belonged to the Gera-Land district in the Gera district of the GDR , which was renamed the Gera district when the districts were dissolved in 1990 . Since the district reform on July 1, 1994, the city has been part of the district of Greiz.

On June 17, 1953 , there were large demonstrations in Weida. The following night the Barracked People's Police (KVP) shot and killed one of the Bismuth workers involved .

In the 1950s, a "Junge Freiheit" tent camp was run in the village to organize holidays for children and young people .

On December 31, 2013, the municipalities of Hohenölsen , Schömberg and Steinsdorf were incorporated into the city from the dissolved Leubatal administrative community , which increased their population to a good 8,500.

Population development

Development of the population (from 1960 December 31) :

1836 to 1960

  • 1836: 03,481
  • 1890: 05.550
  • 1925: 10.040
  • 1933: 11.040
  • 1939: 11.156
  • 1946: 13,511 (1)
  • 1950: 12,892 (2)
  • 1960: 12.086

1981 to 2000

  • 1981: 11.105
  • 1984: 10.805
  • 1985: 10.784
  • 1994: 09,276
  • 1995: 09.117
  • 1996: 09,055
  • 1997: 08.906
  • 1998: 08,738
  • 1999: 08,698

2000 to 2010

  • 2000: 8,635
  • 2001: 8,532
  • 2002: 8.504
  • 2003: 8,518
  • 2004: 8,499
  • 2005: 8,335
  • 2006: 8,262
  • 2007: 8,114
  • 2008: 7,924
  • 2009: 7,780

2010 to 2019

  • 2010: 7,733
  • 2011: 7,648
  • 2012: 7,330
  • 2013: 8,622
  • 2014: 8,657
  • 2015: 8,797
  • 2016: 8,694
  • 2017: 8,602
  • 2018: 8,472
  • 2019: 8.372
Data source from 1994: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

(1) October 29th
(2) August 31st

politics

Weida is a fulfilling church for Crimla .

City council

The local election of May 26, 2019 for the Weida City Council led to the following result (with comparative data from 2014) with a turnout of 59.6% (2014: 49.0%):

Political party CDU The left Green SPD ProKommune FWG FWG Flat share Weidaer area
2019 Seats 5 2 1 1 3 6th 2
Share of votes 25.1% 11.8% 5.4% 2.8% 14.7% 31.7% 8.6%
2014 Seats 6th 4th - - - 2 * - - - 4th 4th
Share of votes 31.9% 20.0% - - - 8.8% * - - - 22.0% 17.4%

* 2014 list connection Greens / SPD / ProKommune

town hall

mayor

Weida's mayor is Heinz Hopfe (FWG). In the mayoral election on April 15, 2018, he was able to prevail against three competitors with 50.6% of the valid votes. The turnout was 56.0 percent.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In gold, a black jointed red city wall with an open arched gate and two tinned wall towers with blue pointed roofs and a black arched window each, between them a symmetrical green willow shoot with fifteen leaves growing out of the wall."

Declaration of coat of arms: The gate stylized here as a gate and the two towers point to the fortifications of Weida from the Middle Ages (1209), the willow shoot was part of the town's seal as early as 1333 and refers to the town's name as a talking coat of arms . Adopted as the city's coat of arms in 1949, it is based on the city's oldest seal from 1333. The colors of the city's coat of arms are mentioned for the first time in a document from 1515. This document is now in the Erfurt University Library .

Town twinning

City partnerships exist with Neu-Isenburg , Calw , and Mezőtúr ( Hungary ).

Culture and sights

Buildings

The most important attraction in Weida is the Osterburg . It was created as a military fortification in the 12th century. On their terrace there is a memorial stone with a reference to the southernmost advance of the ice sheet in Germany during the Elster Ice Age .

The Oschützal Viaduct , inaugurated in 1884, is a 28-meter-high and 185-meter-long pendulum pillar bridge - a technical monument that served rail traffic until 1983.

The iron hammer in the district of Liebsdorf (Weida) is the oldest still preserved and functional in Thuringia.

The Catholic Church was built in 1902.

The Osterburg-Theater cinema was built in 1928 in the New Building style. It became a 2003 town house remodeled. In front of the former cinema there is a Pentacon film projector that was in operation until 1993.

→ See also St. Mary's Church (Weida) , St. Peter's Church (Weida) , church ruins Nonnenhof (Weida) , ruin Wide Church (Weida) , former. Transmitter Weida , Town Hall Weida

Memorials

Stumbling blocks
  • A grave field with a memorial in the cemetery on Friedhofstrasse commemorates 48 Soviet men, women and children who were deported to Germany during the Second World War and who were victims of forced labor . Since 1986 more memorial plaques commemorate the 18 victims of forced labor from other nations.
  • An “honor grove” was set up on Freedom Square. Centrally located here is a memorial stone for the death march from the Buchenwald concentration camp and another large memorial for the victims of the National Socialists. On the day of commemoration of the victims of National Socialism , the city's commemorative event takes place here every year.
  • Memorial sites have also been set up for those who died in the World Wars. You can find a plaque with all the Fallen Weidaers known by name in the ruins of Widenkirche (Weida) . In the cemetery there are some soldiers' graves and the large base of an earlier monument, which now forms the central point of a small square.
  • At the entrance to the Osterburg, directly on the street, there is a memorial stone for the Bismuth worker who was shot by the barracked people's police in 1953. The stone was donated by his grandson. A small memorial event takes place here on June 17th every year.
  • In front of the house at Geraer Straße 40 in Weida, a group of stumbling blocks was laid by the artist Gunter Demnig on March 13, 2017 , in memory of Simon and Klara Fröhlich, as well as Fritz, Margarete and Egon Sabersky. (See also: List of stumbling blocks in Weida )

Sports

Weida has a number of leisure and sports facilities, most of them on the "Red Hill":

  • outdoor pool
  • Skittle and bowling alley
  • Mini golf course
  • sports ground
  • Tennis facility
  • Animal enclosure

Downtown:

  • "Kammerer" gymnasium
  • Fitness center

The most famous sports club in the city is the soccer club FC Thüringen Weida e. V.

The bowlers from SKK Gut Holz Weida, who played in the 2nd Bundesliga since 1991 and in the 1st Bundesliga in the 1997/98 season, are also very successful. Since 2010 they have been playing in the top league again. In addition, the club can boast 2 GDR championship titles (1988 and 1990).

Also worth mentioning is the billiards club "TuS Osterburg` 90 Weida eV ", which is also located on the" Red Hill ". One of his most successful players is Thomas Stöckel.

Baking culture

Weida is proverbially known for its sheet cakes , which generally have a long tradition and high quality in Thuringia. This corresponds to the “Weidsche Kuchenfrau” as a local symbolic figure as well as the symbolic designation of Weida as “Kuchen-Willow”. Every year, on the first weekend in September, the “Weid'sche Kuchenmarkt” traditionally takes place on the market in front of the town hall.

Swedish oak natural monument

Swedish oak Weida

The pedunculate oak called Swedish oak stands just outside of Weida, northeast of the village at the beginning of Krähenholz, as a single tree in a meadow. The monumental oak tree owes its name to the events of the Thirty Years' War . According to the story, the town was occupied by imperial Catholic troops in 1643 and was therefore besieged by the Swedish mercenary army and ultimately liberated. To commemorate this event, the tree was declared a "Swedish oak" by the residents of Weida in 1644. It is not known whether the oak was first planted on this occasion or whether it was already there at the time of the siege. That is why the estimates of their age vary from 350 to 600 years.

The tree veteran, designated as a natural monument (ND – No. 124) and entered in the list of distinctive and old tree specimens, makes a very vital impression, which is rarely seen in a tree of this size and age. The completely closed and healthy-looking trunk branches out at a low height to form an expansive, monumental-looking, wide crown of mighty strong branches. Branches at risk of breakage were secured by five supports in 2004 and 2005. A measurement in 2014 showed a chest height of 7.22 m. The laser-based height determination showed a tree height of 24 m with a crown diameter of 29 m.

More tree monuments

In the area of ​​the city of Weida there are two other tree veterans protected as natural monuments:

  • Pedunculate oak in Gartenstraße (ND – Nr. 145)
  • Pear on the Gräfenbrück field path (ND – Nr. 136)

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Weida's economy is structured as a medium-sized company. Economic life is determined by companies in the service industry, craft businesses and a branched out retail network. The largest employer is the upholstered bed and mattress manufacturer Breckle .

The Weidaer jute spinning and weaving mill existed from 1897 to 1990.

Road traffic

The federal highways 175 and 92 run through Weida . In the north of the city, the two routes separate at no elevation .

Weida is in public transport on a plurality of clock lines of the PRG Greiz and the RVG Gera connected to the surrounding area. The buses run directly through the city away from the main roads. The city bus route 217 continued to exist until November 30, 2019, the task of which is now taken over by the clocked regional bus routes.

line operator Line course Frequency (Mon-Fri)
29 PRG (Zeulenroda / Greiz -) Hohenölsen - Weida - Gera Hourly
34 PRG Weida - Steinsdorf - Hohenölsen / Staitz - Zeulenroda Every two hours
218 PRG Weida - Berga - Wolfersdorf - Großkundorf - Berga / Seelingstädt
220 RVG Gera / Weida - Seifersdorf - Weida / Gera
225 RVG Weida - Niederpöllnitz - Münchenbernsdorf Every two hours
226 RVG Weida - wish village School traffic
227 RVG Weida - Frießnitz - Niederpöllnitz - Auma School traffic

Rail transport

Oschützal Viaduct

The Weida train station is on the Leipzig – Probstzella and Werdau – Mehltheuer railway lines and was a contact station until the Wünschendorf – Weida section was closed in June 1996 .
The Oschützal Viaduct was needed from 1884 to 1983 to operate the Werdau – Mehltheuer railway line. The 185 m long and 28 m high lattice bridge still spans the common section of federal highway 92 with federal highway 175 .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Other personalities

literature

  • Adolph Magnus Lichtwer: Outline of the history of the city of Weida and its surroundings . Leipzig 1824. ( digitized version )
  • B. Gunkel; E.-J. Müller (Red.): 800 years of the city of Weida. 1209-2009; Festschrift, Weida: Wüst 2009.
  • Henriette Joseph, Haik Thomas Poroda: The northern Vogtland around Greiz , Landscapes in Germany, Volume 68, Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie., Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2006, ISBN 978-3-412-09003-6 , explanations on Weida, p 114-128
  • Protection Association of German Forests - Landesverband Thüringen e. V. (Ed.): Legendary trees in Thuringia . City Druck und Repro-Center GmbH Erfurt, Oberdorla 1999, page 82.

Web links

Commons : Weida  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Weida in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Weida  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Weidaer Official Journal, January 18, 2014. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on January 31, 2014 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.b-zon.com
  3. ↑ Günter Steiniger: Mills on the Auma, the Triebes, the lauba and in Güldetasl Verlag Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza, 2010, ISBN 978-3-86777-296-9 , pp. 106-107, 108-113
  4. ↑ Günter Steiniger: Mühlen im Weidatal Verlag Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza, 2010, ISBN 978-3-934748-59-0 , pp. 197-220
  5. ^ Günter Steiniger: Mills in the Weidatal. Rockstuhl Verlag, Bad Langensalza, 2010, ISBN 978-3-934748-59-0 , pp. 5, 108 and 113.
  6. ↑ Michael Köhler : Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 198.
  7. ↑ Michael Klug: How Weida got his atomic clock. 70 years ago, the Thuringian town was briefly the center of German physics. Thuringian newspaper, March 24, 2012
  8. ↑ June 17, 1953. The cry for freedom in Thuringia. Exhibition by the Ettersberg Foundation in the Thuringian Parliament in June 2012
  9. ↑ Thuringian State Office for Statistics: City council election 2019 in Thuringia - final result for Weida , accessed on June 3, 2020.
  10. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017
  11. ↑ "Swedish oak near Weida" in the tree register, at www.baumkunde.de
  12. ↑ "Pedunculate oak 'Schwedeneiche' on the outskirts on the meadow in Weida, Thuringia" in Monumental Trees, at monumentaltrees.com