Natural areas in Saxony
The natural structure of Saxony shown here was established between 1994 and 2001 by a working group called "Natural balance and regional character" of the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig as part of the research and development project "Natural areas and natural area potentials of the Free State of Saxony on a scale of 1: 50,000 as Basis for state development and regional planning ”. This was funded by the Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture and the Saxon Ministry of the Interior.
The basis of the structure was the nationwide comprehensive recording of the smallest physiogeographic spatial units ( physiotopes ). These were regularly aggregated into larger units ( nanogeochores and microgeochores ) using the natural spatial order method . For each of the microgeochores determined in this way there is a 9-page documentation sheet, the cartographic representation was made on 55 sheets on a scale of 1: 50,000 ("natural space map of Saxony"). In further aggregation steps, the approx. 1445 microgeochores were combined into mesogeochores and these finally into 28 macrogeochores (see list of natural spatial units in Saxony ). From the level of the microgeochore upwards, each natural area was given an individual name, with newly created names following certain conventions. The classification of the macrogeochores in natural space units of a higher level is indicated by the so-called "Saxon natural regions", which were also given their own names, but are largely on the political borders and in fact represent excerpts from far more extensive units.
Saxon natural regions and macro geochores
- Saxon-Niederlausitzer Heideland (part of the northeast German lowlands )
-
Saxon Loess Field (part of the Central European Loess Belt)
- Leipziger Land
- Mining area south of Leipzig
- North Saxon plateau and hill country
- Grossenhainer care
- East Thuringian loess hill country
- Ore Mountains Basin
- Central Saxon loess hill country
- Mulde loess hill country
- Dresden Elbe valley expansion
- Eastern Erzgebirge foreland
- West Lusatian hills and mountains
- Upper Lusatian climes
- Eastern Upper Lusatia
- Saxon highlands and low mountain ranges (part of the low mountain range )
Comparison with the natural spatial structure according to Meynen and BfN
In the 1950s Emil Meynen had divided Germany into main unit groups (two-digit numbers), main units (three-digit numbers) and sub-natural areas (decimal places). For the time being, this was the last uniform processing for the whole of Germany, afterwards such an overall representation was not possible for many years because of the German division. The research and recording of the natural areas in Saxony was nonetheless continued and has led to extensive changes since then. Since the area covered by the “Natural Map of Saxony” is limited to the territory of the Free State of Saxony, planning throughout Germany, e.g. B. on the part of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, used the old Meynensche classification for Saxony to this day. However, it no longer plays a role in the relevant professional practice at state level.
The following main Meynen units or groups are at least z. T. in Saxony (in brackets the new numbers according to BfN):
Low mountain range threshold
- 41 (= D17) Vogtland
- 42 (= D16) Ore Mountains
- 420 southern slope of the Ore (extreme southwestern Westerzgebirge s)
- 421 Upper Western Ore Mountains ( Western Ore Mountains to the extreme southwest and extreme northeast, south of the Central Ore Mountains )
- 422 Upper Eastern Ore Mountains (south of the Eastern Ore Mountains)
- 423 Lower Western Ore Mountains (extreme northeast of the Western Ore Mountains , north and middle of the Central Ore Mountains )
- 424 Lower Eastern Ore Mountains (north and middle of the Eastern Ore Mountains)
- 43 (= D15) Saxon-Bohemian chalk sandstone area
- 430 Elbe Sandstone Mountains ( Saxon Switzerland )
- 431 Zittau Mountains
- 44 (= D14) Upper Lusatia
- 440 Neisse region (southeastern Eastern Upper Lusatia )
- 441 Lausitzer Bergland ( Oberlausitzer Bergland )
- 442 Ostlausitzer Vorberge (northwestern Eastern Upper Lusatia )
- 443 West Lusatian foothills (eastern West Lusatian hills and mountains )
- 444 Lusatian climes ( Upper Lusatian climes )
East German lowlands
- 45 (= D19a) Erzgebirge foreland
- 450 Central Saxon loess loam hill country ( Mulde- Loess hill country )
- 451 Ore Mountains Basin (middle and eastern Ore Mountains Basin )
- 452 Upper Pleißeland (western Ore Mountains basin )
- 46 (= D19b) Saxon hill country (including Leipziger Land)
- 460 Dresden Elbe valley area ( Dresden Elbe valley expansion )
- 461 Lausitzer Platte (western West Lusatian hills and mountains )
- 462 Grossenhainer care
- 463 Central Saxon loess area ( Central Saxon loess hill country )
- 464 Oschatzer Hügelland (eastern North Saxon plateau and hill country )
- 465 Grimma Porphyry Hill Country (western North Saxon plateau and hill country )
- 466 Altenburg-Zeitzer loess area ( Altenburg-Zeitzer loess hill country , extreme south of the Leipziger Land , only to a small extent in Saxony)
- 467 Leipziger Land (middle and east of the Leipziger Land es)
- 84 (part of D08) Lusatian basin and heathland
- 840 Luckau-Calau Basin
- 841 Cottbus sand plate (only minimal in Saxony)
- 842 Lausitzer Grenzwall ( Niederlausitzer Grenzwall )
- 844 Niederlausitzer Randhügel ( Senftenberg-Finsterwalder basin and plates , only minimally in Saxony)
- 88 (= D10) Elbe-Mulde lowlands
- 880 Dahlen-Dübener Heide ( Düben-Dahlener Heide )
- 881 Elbe-Elster-Tiefland ( Elsterwerda-Herzberger Elsterniederung and Riesa-Torgau Elbe Valley )
- 89 (= D13) Oberlausitzer Heideland
- 890 Upper Lusatian pond area ( Upper Lusatian heath and pond area )
- 891 Muskauer Heide
- 892 Königsbrück-Ruhlander Heiden
Since the current division of Saxony's natural area is not a simple further development or modification of the classification presented by Meynen, significant deviations have occurred, although some of the historical names have continued to be used and some of the demarcations have only been made more precise.
- The main unit group level has been given up entirely. The newly introduced format of the “Saxon Natural Region” cannot simply be interpreted as a natural spatial unit, as it is only partially based on the boundaries of natural areas.
- The low mountain ranges were summarized under " Saxon highlands and low mountain ranges ". These include the three older main unit groups D15-D17 and 41-43 plus in main unit 441 the more montane part of Upper Lusatia (D14 and 44).
- The Oberlausitz was, except for the main unit 441 (s. O.), And in Saxon Lössgefilde , which would otherwise result from Erzgebirgsvorland and Saxon hills is (main unit group 19 and 45-46), incorporated.
- The main unit groups Elbe-Mulde-Tiefland (D10 and 88) and Oberlausitzer Heideland (D10 and 89) were combined with the Saxon parts of the main unit group Lausitz Basin and Spreewald under Saxon-Niederlausitzer Heideland .
- The level of the macrogeochore is still comparable to that of a Meynen main unit , but the layout of the individual units has been changed.
- The division of the Erzgebirge was changed.
- The Elstergebirge , formerly part of the Vogtland, appears in the rank of a macrogeochore, although when viewed across borders it only represents a part of such.
- Numerous natural boundaries have been shifted or made more precise.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ BfN map services ( Memento of the original dated December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (In the "Landscapes" map service, each landscape profile can be clicked, which mostly describes sub-areas of a main unit)
literature
- Günter Haase, Karl Mannsfeld (ed.): Natural space units, landscape functions and models using the example of Saxony . Research on German regional studies, Volume 250 (with CD-ROM), 2003, ISBN 3-88143-071-7 .
- Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz eV and Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig, Dresden office "Natural balance and regional character" (publisher): Landscape divisions in Saxony . Self-published by the Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz eV, Dresden 2005, without ISBN.
- Karl Mannsfeld, Ralf-Uwe Syrbe: Natural areas in Saxony with a map supplement "Natural spatial structure of Saxony." In: Research on German regional studies (Volume 257), German Academy for Regional Studies, self-published, Leipzig 2008, ISBN 978-3-88143-078-4 .
- Karl Mannsfeld et al .: Final report of the work unit “Natural balance and regional character” 1965-2007
- Karl Mannsfeld, Olaf Bastian: Saxon landscapes. Between Düben Heath and Zittau Mountains . Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 2012, ISBN 9783361006782 .
- Division of Germany according to Meynen and BfN , www.geographie.giersbeck.de, accessed on June 8, 2011.
Web links
- Map for researching the natural spaces and natural space potentials of the Free State of Saxony , Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV, Dresden, accessed on March 2, 2020
- List with links to profiles of 37 natural areas in the Free State of Saxony , Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology
- Map of the natural areas in Saxony ( Memento from March 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) at www.umwelt.sachsen.de (PDF, 859 kB)