Central Saxon loess hill country
| Central Saxon loess hill country | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics according to | Natural areas and natural area potentials of the Free State of Saxony | ||
| Natural region | Saxon loess field | ||
| Macro geochore | Central Saxon loess hill country | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 10 ′ 0 ″ N , 13 ° 11 ′ 0 ″ E | ||
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| state | Saxony | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The central Saxon loess hill country is a natural area in central Saxony . The structure of the natural areas in Saxony , which is currently relevant in the landscape planning of Saxony, shows the central Saxon loess hill country in the hierarchical rank of a macrogeochore within the natural region of Saxon loess fields .
Features, location, subspaces
In the above breakdown, the Central Saxon Loess Hills natural area has an area of 766.12 km². It is a hilly, predominantly agricultural landscape that reaches altitudes of 220 m to 250 m. The closed and almost continuously several meters thick distribution of loess as a soil substrate is cited as a characteristic and distinguishing feature from the neighboring natural areas , while the deeper geological subsoil only plays a subordinate role for the natural area properties. Accordingly, the natural area in a west-east extension of about 50 kilometers between the valleys of the United Mulde and the Elbe or between the cities of Grimma and Meißen represents the core area of the loess distribution within Saxony. In the north, the central Saxon loess hill country can be clearly demarcated from the old moraine area of the northern Saxon plateau and hill country , which is characterized by the thin sand loess , whereby the 30 to 50 m high so-called loess edge step or North Saxon hill country , which runs from Nerchau via Mügeln to Niedermuschütz , forms a distinctive structural step . The southern, despite the little noticeable change in features in the terrain, the borderline is relatively agitated, the u. a. touches the towns of Colditz , Döbeln , Nossen and Wilsdruff , on the other hand, points to the close interlinking with the neighboring natural area of Mulde-Lösshügelland , which is characterized by thin and heavily modified loess derivatives.
Within the central Saxon loess hill country, the following sub-areas are classified as mesogeochores:
- Mügelner Lösshügelland (172.77 km²)
- Lommatzscher care (291.27 km²)
- Meißen loess hill country (72.58 km²)
- Dresden-Meissen loess plateau edge (45.61 km²)
- Döbeln-Leisniger Muldeland (183.89 km²)
For further subdivisions (microgeochores) see the list of natural spatial units in Saxony .
In relation to the administrative structure of the Free State of Saxony, the Central Saxon Loess Hills natural area extends from the east of the Leipzig district to the south of the northern Saxony district , the north of the central Saxony district , the south-east of the Meißen district and, with its extreme southeastern tip, over a small area up to the territory the (independent) state capital Dresden .
geology
Solid rock emerges almost only in the deeply cut valleys, including plutonites from the Meissen massif , volcanics from the northwest Saxon eruptive complex and phyllites belonging to the slate mantle of the Saxon granulite mountains .
A specialty in Saxony, which is otherwise poor in limestone, is the dolomite occurring near Ostrau , which originated in the Zechstein Sea .
The weathering of the old bedrock during the Tertiary period led to the formation of kaolin in places . In addition, some smaller lignite seams originated from this era.
The loess that dominates the land surface today was deposited as aeolian sediment during the Vistula glaciation. On valley slopes and other bumps, where it can reach thicknesses of more than 10 m to almost 20 m, remnants of older loess blankets from the Saale glacial period have been preserved in the lower areas of the layer sequence , which are closed by a paleo soil of the Eem interglacial .
Vegetation and land use
There are hardly any forest areas in the lowlands. These can only be found on the valley slopes of the rivers (Mulde with Freiberger and Zwickauer Mulde). The central Saxon loess hill landscape is of great importance for agriculture . B. in addition to the cultivation of grain also for the cultivation of vegetables and fruit.
swell
- Karl Mannsfeld et al .: Landscapes in Saxony . Messages of the Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz eV, special issue 2005, without ISBN.
- Karl Mannsfeld, Ralf-Uwe Syrbe: Natural areas in Saxony with a map supplement "Natural spatial structure of Saxony", in: Research on German regional studies (Volume 257), German Academy for Regional Studies, self-published, Leipzig, 2008, ISBN 978-3-88143-078- 4th
- Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture (Ed.): Nature reserves in Saxony. Central brochure dispatch of the Saxon State Government, Dresden 2008, ISBN 3-932627-17-2
literature
- Günter Haase, Karl Mannsfeld (ed.): Natural space units, landscape functions and models using the example of Saxony . Research on German regional studies, Volume 250 (with CD-ROM), 2003, ISBN 3-88143-071-7
- Karl Mannsfeld, Olaf Bastian: Saxon landscapes. Between Düben Heath and Zittau Mountains . Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 2012, ISBN 9783361006782
- Elbe valley and Loess hill country near Meissen (= values of our homeland . Volume 32). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979.
Web links
- Interactive map research of the natural spaces and natural space potentials of the Free State of Saxony at Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV Dresden (www.lfz-dresden.de), accessed on March 25, 2012