Zittau Mountains
| Zittau Mountains | ||
|---|---|---|
 Waltersdorf with Berg Lausche |
||
| Highest peak | Lausche ( 792.6 m above sea level ) | |
| location | District of Görlitz ( Saxony ) | |
| part of | Lusatian Mountains (cross-border) and the unity of Saxon Uplands and Central Uplands (D) | |
|
||
| Coordinates | 50 ° 51 ' N , 14 ° 39' E | |
The Zittau Mountains , formerly also known as the Lausitzer Kamm (Czech: Žitavské hory ), are the German part of the Lausitz Mountains, which stretch along the Saxon-Bohemian border in the extreme southeast of Saxony . It is a maximum of 792.6 m above sea level. NHN high and belongs to the Sudeten mountain range .
geography
Geographical location
The Zittau Mountains are located in the extreme south of the Görlitz district . A few kilometers north of the mountains are the towns of Großschönau , Hainewalde , Bertsdorf-Hörnitz and Olbersdorf when viewed in a west-east direction ; the eponymous place Zittau is located a few more kilometers northeast of Olbersdorf, but directly on the edge of the more extensive Zittau Mountains Nature Park .
In the mountains themselves, seen in the same direction, are Waltersdorf , Jonsdorf , Oybin and Lückendorf . The mountain landscape is drained by streams that flow northwards into the Mandau , a western tributary of the Lusatian Neisse .
mountains
The mountains and elevations of the mountains include - with heights in meters above mean sea level (NHN):
- Lausche ( Luž ; 792.6 m ), German-Czech border mountain, south of Waltersdorf
- Hochwald ( Hvozd ; 749.5 m ), German-Czech border mountain, south-southwest of Oybin
- Jonsberg ( 652.9 m ), southeast of Jonsdorf
- Buchberg ( 651.6 m ), west of Jonsdorf
- Scharfenstein ( 569.4 m ), east of Oybin, north-northwest of Lückendorf
- Breiteberg ( 510.1 m ), east of Großschönau, south of Hainewalde
- Oybin ( 514.5 m ), north of Oybin
- Töpfer ( 582 m ), northeast of Oybin, south of Olbersdorf
Natural allocation
In the natural spatial structure according Meynen provides the Zittau mountains a main unit (431) within the Sächsisch- Czech chalk sandstone area (main unit group 43) represents the otherwise only on German soil the Saxon Switzerland includes as a main unit. The interface between the two main mountains, the Lusatian Mountains and the Elbe Sandstone Mountains , is on Czech soil, which is why these natural areas are spatially separated from each other.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the working group Natural Balance and Territorial Character of the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig combined all the low mountain ranges in the Saxon-Bohemian border area to form the Saxon highlands and low mountain ranges . Between the Zittau Mountains and Saxon Switzerland, this includes the Lusatian Uplands , which, after Meynen, had been combined with the loess hills to the north and east to form the main unit of Upper Lusatia ; to the west the new unity continues in the main unit groups Erzgebirge and Vogtland .
The natural border of the Zittau Mountains runs well south of the common ones, as can be read on many maps. The 14 km long mountain range along its border with the Czech Republic in east-south-east direction has a width of just 1.5 to (in the extreme case) almost 4 km and does not touch the Lusatian highlands on German soil.
Geology and topographical description
→ Main article: Lusatian Mountains
particularities
The main ridge of the Zittau Mountains forms part of the watershed between the Baltic and North Seas ( North Sea-Baltic Sea watershed ). In Lausitz, the watershed is the border between the Lusatian Neisse and Spree catchment areas and, with the Zittau Mountains from the north, takes on the course of the Sudetes .
Typically in the Zittau Mountains are at Oybin and Jonsdorf located sandstone rock areas which the highest mountains - from phonolite ( phonolite surmounted - made). The highest and most striking mountains are Lausche ( 792.6 m above sea level ) and Hochwald ( 749.5 m above sea level ), which are also the highest peaks east of the Elbe on German territory. While species-rich deciduous forests are to be found in these mountains, pine and spruce predominate in the sandstone areas.
As in all of the Sudeten mountains , they were severely damaged by pollutant emissions from the surrounding power plants ( Boxberg , Hagenwerder , Hirschfelde , Turów / Poland), but also by pollution from the North Bohemian Basin in the 1970s and 1980s. Visitors will hardly see the damage caused by reforestation, shutdown or flue gas cleaning of the remaining power plants in the present.
tourism
General
The best-known resorts in the Zittau Mountains are Waltersdorf, Jonsdorf, Oybin and Lückendorf . The Zittau Mountains are traditionally a popular hiking, climbing and winter sports area . It is also often visited by cyclists, especially mountain bikers . The border can be crossed at any point since the Czech Republic joined the Schengen Agreement. At most points in the Zittau Mountains, however, this is only possible for hikers and cyclists. Typical for the Zittau Mountains is the dense network of trails with many viewpoints.
Winter sports are practiced in all four mountain communities, especially cross-country skiing (entire area), alpine skiing (Lausche, Oybin-Hain , Lückendorf), tobogganing (Hochwald) and ice sports (Jonsdorf). However, winters with little snow in the 1990s permanently damaged the reputation of the mountains with guaranteed snow. With the construction of the ice rink in Jonsdorf at the beginning of the 1990s, an alternative offer was created for holiday guests.
The Zittau narrow-gauge railway , which has been running from Zittau to Oybin and Jonsdorf since 1890, is one of the greatest attractions in the Zittau Mountains. This route, built from the start as a tourist train, is still operated today with historic steam locomotives.
Climb
→ Main article: Zittau Mountains climbing area
As in neighboring Saxon Switzerland , the first rocks were developed for climbing at the end of the 19th century . It is the most important climbing area in Saxony after Saxon Switzerland . The most important climbing peaks are Kelchstein , Jonsdorfer Mönch , Ernst-Schulze-Stein , Waldtorwächter and the twins . In 1994, a via ferrata in the Nonnenfelsen near Jonsdorf was opened based on models in the Alpine region . In 2006, a second via ferrata followed in Oybin below the Große Felsengasse.
Attractions
The sights of the Zittau Mountains include the mountains and elevations mentioned in the "Mountains" section:
- Castle and monastery ruins on the Oybin mountain
- Lookout tower on the high forest
- Bergbauden on the potter, the high forest and the oybin
- Kelchstein , mushroom rock south of Oybin
- numerous rock formations and rock gate on the potter
- Small organ (the "organ"), a rock formation in the Jonsdorf rock town
- Millstone quarries , rock formations south of Jonsdorf
- Nonnenfelsen , west-southwest of Jonsdorf
- Half-timbered houses , especially in Waltersdorf , Jonsdorf and Bertsdorf
- Zittau narrow-gauge railway , the places Jonsdorf, Olbersdorf, Oybin and Zittau connecting the narrow-gauge railway
Bauden
In addition to the Czech buildings in the entire Lusatian Mountains, such as the Luž mountain lodge, the following buildings can be found in the Zittau Mountains:
- Breitebergbaude
- Hochwaldbaude
- Hochwaldturm building
- Hubertusbaude
- Comb hut
- Nonnenfelsenbaude
- Rübezahlbaude
- Sun mine
- Pottery shack
- Oybin hut
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services ( memento of December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) of the BfN
- ↑ Map of the natural areas in Saxony ( Memento from March 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) at www.umwelt.sachsen.de (PDF, 859 kB)
literature
- The south-eastern Upper Lusatia with Zittau and the Zittau Mountains (= values of the German homeland . Volume 16). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1970.
- Peter Rölke (Hrsg.): Wander- & Naturführer Zittauer Gebirge , Berg- & Naturverlag Rölke, Dresden 2006, ISBN 978-3-934514-17-1
Web links
- Zittau Mountains
- Tourist Association
- Private side over the mountains
- Digital climbing guide Zittau Mountains
- Lusatian Mountains
- Landscape profile Zittau Mountains of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )