Oybin

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Oybin
Oybin
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Oybin highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 51 '  N , 14 ° 45'  E

Basic data
State : Saxony
County : Goerlitz
Management Community : Olbersdorf
Height : 389 m above sea level NHN
Area : 18.28 km 2
Residents: 1358 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 74 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 02797
Area code : 035844
License plate : GR, LÖB, NOL, NY, WSW, ZI
Community key : 14 6 26 430
Community structure: 4 districts
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Freiligrathstraße 8
02797 Kurort Oybin
Website : www.oybin.com
Mayor : Tobias Steiner ( SPD )
Location of the municipality of Oybin in the district of Görlitz
Bärwalder See Berzdorfer See Talsperre Quitzdorf Talsperre Quitzdorf Polen Tschechien Landkreis Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge Bad Muskau Beiersdorf Bernstadt a. d. Eigen Herrnhut Bertsdorf-Hörnitz Boxberg/O.L. Boxberg/O.L. Dürrhennersdorf Ebersbach-Neugersdorf Kottmar (Gemeinde) Gablenz (Oberlausitz) Görlitz Görlitz Groß Düben Groß Düben Großschönau (Sachsen) Großschweidnitz Hähnichen Hainewalde Herrnhut Hohendubrau Horka Jonsdorf Kodersdorf Königshain Krauschwitz (Sachsen) Kreba-Neudorf Lawalde Leutersdorf (Oberlausitz) Löbau Markersdorf (Sachsen) Markersdorf (Sachsen) Mittelherwigsdorf Mücka Mücka Neißeaue Neusalza-Spremberg Kottmar (Gemeinde) Niesky Kottmar (Gemeinde) Oderwitz Olbersdorf Oppach Ostritz Oybin Quitzdorf am See Reichenbach/O.L. Rietschen Rosenbach Rothenburg/Oberlausitz Schleife (Ort) Schönau-Berzdorf auf dem Eigen Schönbach (Sachsen) Schöpstal Seifhennersdorf Reichenbach/O.L. Trebendorf Trebendorf Vierkirchen (Oberlausitz) Waldhufen Weißkeißel Weißwasser/Oberlausitz Zittau Zittau Landkreis Bautzen Brandenburgmap
About this picture
View of Oybin and the Hochwald 2010

Oybin ( pronunciation : [ ɔɪ̯ˈbiːn ] pronunciation ? / I ) is a municipality in the district of Görlitz , which is located in southeast Saxony on the border with the Czech Republic . Audio file / audio sample

Geography and traffic

The place is the terminus of the steam-powered Zittau narrow-gauge railway and lies at the foot of the Oybin mountain in a basin of the Zittau mountains formed by the Goldbach . The district of Lückendorf is the only German town on the south side of the mountains. The surrounding mountains are the Hochwald (at 749  m above sea level, the highest mountain in the municipality and the second highest mountain in the Zittau Mountains), the Töpfer , the Ameisenberg , the Brandhöhe and the Scharfenstein .

geology

The basin is dominated by the sandstone monolith of Mount Oybin . In general, the sandstone is the predominant rock in the municipality. The strength of the rock strongly depends on the area. While it is very soft in the valley basin in the area of ​​the rose stones and Bienenhaidstein, the strength usually increases to the north and east. The sandstone is strongest along the Lusatian Fault , where it was thermally hardened in the Tertiary by rising magma , for example at the northeast corner of the potter, where the sandstone was even glazed in places. In the Hain district there is a basalt breakthrough , the Johannisstein (Czech: Jánské Kameny) , while the upper part of the high forest (as an extinct volcano) consists of phonolite .

It is interesting that there has been historical evidence and evidence of numerous earthquakes in the Oybin area and especially in the district of Hell . On March 6, 1872, such a tremor was so strong that “houses were violently moved and residents of individual houses hurried outside in fright”. The last strong earthquake occurred on January 10, 1901.

Local division

The municipality of Oybin is divided into the districts Kurort Oybin, Hain and Luftkurort Lückendorf .

history

middle Ages

The history of the place is closely linked to the castle on Mount Oybin . In 1290 the castle was first mentioned as Moybin . The mountain had already been settled and fortified beforehand. In 1291 the castle complex on the mountain was captured and destroyed by the city of Zittau . Just a few years later the castle was rebuilt and expanded by Heinrich von Leipa .

Emperor Charles IV had the castle expanded and in 1369 founded a Celestine monastery there . In the course of the Hussite Wars, a Hussite army besieged Oybin Castle in September 1429; on September 28, 1429 their attempt to storm the castle failed, after which they withdrew. The Cölestiner from Oybin also took over the Palatinate monastery Schönfeld near Bad Dürkheim in 1472 , which they gave up again in 1499.

Modern times

The Celestine monastery was dissolved in the course of the Reformation ; the monastery and castle fell into disrepair.

Oybin around 1900

The place itself was included in the Association of Saxon Summer Resorts in 1873 . The narrow-gauge railway was opened in 1890. Oybin has had the title of health resort since 1930, but is not one of the state-recognized health resorts in the Free State of Saxony.

In the GDR period at the beginning of the 1970s, a pioneer holiday camp was set up in the village .

Place name forms

1290: Ztenco de Moibin, 1316: Oywin, 1320: Owin, 1346: Moywyn, 1369: Oybin, 1370 (around 1370): Moyben, Owben, Oyben, 1428: uff dem Moyben, Oywyn, Oybin, 1474: uffn Oywin, 1494 : monasterium montis paracliti, 1530: Vbin, 1875: Oybin, 1939: Oybin, health resort

Oybin is one of the few smaller places in Germany that is listed in the spelling dictionary .

Administrative affiliation

1777: Görlitzer Kreis, 1843: Regional Court District Löbau, 1856: Judicial Office Zittau, 1875: Amtshauptmannschaft Zittau, 1952: District Zittau, 1994: District Löbau-Zittau, 2008: District Görlitz

Population development

In 1777 there were 24 gardeners, 91 cottagers and 6 deserted areas in Oybin . The following table shows the development of the population.

year 1834 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1990 2000 2007 2009 2012 2013
Residents 700 735 679 784 1,157 1,067 1,600 1,693 1,570 1,204 1,667 1,546 1,524 1,453 1,479

politics

City council election 2019
Turnout: 72.6%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
7.0%
(-38.0  % p )
9.6%
(-5.9  % p )
n. k.
(-10.7  % p )
n. k.
(-15.9  % p )
37.7%
(+ 24.8  % p )
13.7%
( n.k. )
FVV
LFV
sports friends
2014

2019

Oybin Town Hall

Since the municipal council election on May 26, 2019 , the 12 seats of the municipal council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:

  • Lückendorfer Förderverein (LFV): 5 seats (37.7%, 886 votes)
  • BuW: 4 seats (32.0%, 751 votes)
  • Sports fans: 1 seat (13.7%, 322 votes)
  • LEFT : 1 seat (9.6%, 226 votes)
  • CDU : 1 seat (7.0%, 164 votes)

Culture and sights

Castle ruins on the Oybin mountain

Hiking destinations and natural monuments

View from Scharfenstein to Oybin and Lausche
Chalice

Memorials

A memorial in the rock massif at the ascent to Mount Oybin commemorates 49 murdered or perished Soviet prisoners of war and slave labor , including a child who fell victim to slave labor during the Second World War .

Sports

Oybin has a dilapidated wooden ski jump under which the road from Oybin to the Hain district runs and a natural toboggan run that is no longer usable. Thanks to the numerous sandstone cliffs, climbing is also very popular.

Since 2000, the Lückendorf hill climb has taken place every August , a regularity run over a distance of 4 km between Zittau-Eichgraben and Oybin-Lückendorf.

Personalities

Associated with Oybin are:

  • Alfred Moschkau (1848–1912), publicist, poet, regional researcher, shop steward for the Saxon Monument Commission, scientific philatelist, founder of the Oybin Museum
  • Hans Kühn (1908–2009), Upper Lusatian composer and native singer
  • Kurt David (1924–1994), German writer
  • Renate Blume (* 1944), actress, worked in Oybin after 1992.
  • Heinz Eggert (* 1946), CDU politician, Saxon interior minister, was parish priest in Oybin
  • Matthias Buse (* 1959), world class ski jumper, world champion on the normal hill in 1978, second in the Four Hills Tournament 1977/78

literature

  • The south-eastern Upper Lusatia with Zittau and the Zittau Mountains (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 16). 2nd Edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1971.
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Oybin (village). In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 29. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Zittau (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1906, p. 199.
  • Alfred Moschkau : The Oybin in prehistoric times. A contribution to the history of the Oybin and the Zittau Mountains . Oybin 1882 ( digitized version )
  • Alfred Moschkau: Oybin Chronicle. documented history of the castle, Celestine monastery and village of Oybin near Zittau . Artist, Leipa 1884 ( digitized version )
  • Alfred Moschkau (Ed.): Archive for topography and history of the Oybin and its surroundings . several volumes, Oybin 1881ff. ( Digitized version )
  • Alfred Moschkau: The little church on the Oybin. Menzel, Zittau 1884 ( digitized version )
  • Christian Adolf Pescheck : Small Chronicle of Oybin . Zittau 1846 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library).
  • Thorsten Pietschmann: The Evangelical Lutheran churches in Lückendorf and Oybin . Graphic workshops Zittau, Zittau 2009. ISBN 978-3-929744-44-6
  • Peter Rölke (Ed.): Hiking and nature guide Zittauer Gebirge, Berg- und Naturverlag Rölke, Dresden 2006

Web links

Commons : Oybin  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Oybin  - travel guide
Wikisource: Oybin  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019  ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Ralph Gundram: Chub and the Hussites. The fire disaster of a city in the field of tension between historical construction and local legends . In: New Archive for Saxon History , Vol. 79 (2008) pp. 1–26, here p. 3.
  3. ^ Christian Adolf Pescheck : History of the Cölestiner des Oybins, documented research and depiction . Seyfert, Zittau 1840, p. 104.
  4. ^ Karl Borchardt: The Cölestiner: a monk community of the later Middle Ages , Verlag Matthiesen, 1994, p. 155 u. 156, ISBN 3786814880 ; (Detail scan)
  5. ↑ Announcement of the Saxon State Ministry for Economics, Labor and Transport on the change of the list of health and recreation places in the Free State of Saxony according to § 3 Abs. 5 SächsKurG from January 20, 2014
  6. ↑ Facebook entry
  7. ^ Oybin in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  8. ↑ a b Municipal Council Election 2019 - Eligible voters and voters in the municipality of Oybin , State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed 20 August 2019
  9. ↑ Results of the 2014 municipal council elections