Boxberg / OL
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Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ' N , 14 ° 35' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Goerlitz | |
| Height : | 129 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 217.68 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4402 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 20 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 02943 | |
| Primaries : | 035774 (Bärwalde, Boxberg, Kringelsdorf, Nochten, Reichwalde, Sprey), 035728 (Drehna, Mönau, Rauden, Uhyst), 035895 (Dürrbach, Jahmen, Kaschel, Klein-Oelsa, Klein-Radisch, Klitten, Tauer, Zimpel) | |
| License plate : | GR, LÖB, NOL, NY, WSW, ZI | |
| Community key : | 14 6 26 060 | |
| Community structure: | 18 districts | |
| Association administration address: | Südstrasse 4 02943 Boxberg |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Achim Junker ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the municipality Boxberg / OL in the district of Görlitz | ||
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Boxberg / OL , Upper Sorbian , is the largest municipality in the district of Görlitz ( Upper Lusatia ). At 217 km², it is also the largest non-urban municipality in Saxony and only 4 km² smaller than Chemnitz . The community is completely part of the official settlement area of the Sorbs .
The community gained fame through the Boxberg power plant , which is located north of the eponymous district of Boxberg .
geography
Community structure
The community consists of 18 districts:
| German name | Sorbian name | Residents | Belonging to Boxberg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bärwalde | Bjerwałd | 165 | Jan. 1, 1998 |
| Boxberg | Hamor | 1333 | - |
| Drehna | Tranje | 98 | Oct 1, 2007 |
| Dürrbach | Dyrbach | 93 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| To jam | Jamno | 259 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| Kaschel | Košla | 132 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| Klein-Oelsa | Wolešnica | 148 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| Klein-Radisch | Radšowk | 39 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| Klitten | Klětno | 526 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| Kringelsdorf | Krynhelecy | 389 | Apr 1, 1996 |
| Mönau | Manev | 105 | Oct 1, 2007 |
| Nochten | Wochozy | 265 | March 1, 1994 |
| Rauden | Rudej | 86 | Oct 1, 2007 |
| Reichwalde | Rychwałd | 558 | Jan. 1, 1999 |
| Sprey | Sprjowje | 65 | Jan. 1, 1974 |
| Dew | Turjo | 83 | Feb 1, 2009 |
| Uhyst | Delni Wujězd | 789 | Oct 1, 2007 |
| Zimpel | Cympl | 91 | Feb 1, 2009 |
- The population figures of the individual places come from the registration office Boxberg / OL (as of December 31, 2008) and, due to different calculation rules, show a total deviation from the population figures published by the State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony.
Geographical location
The municipality of Boxberg lies within the city triangle of Weißwasser - Hoyerswerda - Niesky . The district town of Görlitz is around 50 kilometers south-east, while Bautzen is around 30 kilometers south-west.
The region around Boxberg is characterized by mining, in the north lies the Nochten opencast mine, one of the largest opencast mines in Germany, in the east there is the deferred Reichwalde opencast mine and in the west there are several open- cast lakes that form the Lusatian Lakeland . Within the community, one of these is the Bärwalder See , which was created by the flooding of the Bärwalde opencast mine . While the northern part of the municipality consists mainly of barren heathland, the southern part is characterized by a large number of ponds. Part of the community is located within the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape Biosphere Reserve .
Surrounding municipalities are Weißwasser in the north, Weißkeißel in the northeast, Rietschen and Kreba-Neudorf in the east, Mücka , Hohendubrau and beyond the district boundary Malschwitz and Großdubrau in the south, Radibor in the southwest, Lohsa in the west and Spreetal in the northwest.
Waters
The most important standing water is the Bärwalder See in the west of the municipality , with 13 square kilometers the largest lake in Saxony .
In the southwest of the municipality, the Drehnaer ponds south of Drehna as well as the pond and swamp area south of Rauden and Mönau, which continues to Lieske and Commerau , are important pond management waters . Significant ponds in the southeast of the municipality are the Schlossteich north of Jahmen, the Dürrbacher ponds between Klitten and Kreba , the Tauerwiesenteich between Tauer and Förstgen , and the Zimpel pond group north of Zimpel.
The most important flowing water is the Spree in the western part of the municipality. It was reburied between Uhyst and Bärwalde, as its original river bed ran through the Bärwalde opencast mine. The Black Schöps flows towards it from the southeast , until it flows into it north of Sprey. The White Schöps comes from the east, the river bed of which has been relocated several times due to open-cast mining. Originally it flowed into the Schwarzen Schöps between Reichwalde and Kringelsdorf, after being relocated to the north around the Reichwalde opencast mine the confluence was between Kringelsdorf and Boxberg, since the last relocation, when a near-natural river bed was created south of the opencast mine, the White Schöps flows shortly before it Reichwalde in the Black Schöps.
history
The villages of Sprey, Nochten and part of Boxberg belonged to the Muskau estate from early on . The remaining villages were divided into different lords, whose affiliations and owners changed more frequently.
During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the Electorate of Saxony was able to secure the two margravate lusatia of the Kingdom of Bohemia in the Peace of Prague in 1635 . Because the Saxon king was an avowed admirer of Napoleon and did not - like the southern German princes - change fronts in time for the Battle of Leipzig , his Kingdom of Saxony was reduced to about half its size in 1815; Among other things, Lower Lusatia and the greater part of Upper Lusatia came to Prussia, including the entire current municipality of Boxberg. The seven western places Bärwalde, Drehna, Merzdorf , Mönau, Rauden, Schöpsdorf and Uhyst had previously belonged to the main district of Bautzen of Upper Lusatia and were initially incorporated into the new district of Spremberg ; It was not until 1825 that a new district of Hoyerswerda was formed and assigned to the province of Silesia , while the remaining places had belonged to the Silesian district of Rothenburg (Ob. Laus.) since 1816 . Until 1945, the border between Saxony and Prussia ran along the southern boundary from Rauden via Lieske to Tauer. Lieske and Lips are the only former Prussian places in the Uhyst / Klitten area that are not part of the Boxberg community today.
In 1825, a teaching position was established for the new school building in Boxberg, also for Kringelsdorf and Eselsberg, through donations from the lords involved (Prince Pückler-Muskau and Count von der Schulenburg auf Jahmen) and the hammer owner Flach; the municipalities took on the task of collecting the weekly school fee of 9 pfennigs per school child and paying it to the teacher. A good knowledge of German and Sorbian should be a prerequisite for employment. Until then, the 100 or so children had had to run to Klitten.
Extensive changes in the political communities took place in the late 1920s. So most of the remaining manor districts were united with neighboring communities. On September 30, 1928 the rural communities of Zimpel and Tauer were merged under the name Zimpel (since 1933 Zimpel-Tauer ), in October of the same year the Prussian Minister of the Interior ordered the merger of Eselsberg , Kringelsdorf and Wilhelmsfeld on January 1, 1929 under the Name Kringelsdorf. Also in 1929 the two rural communities Boxberg, part Muskau and Boxberg, part Jahmen are merged to form the rural community Boxberg.
On April 1, 1938, Jahmen, Kaschel and Klein-Oelsa were incorporated into Mönau after Klitten and Rauden.
After the Second World War , the part of Lower Silesia west of the Lusatian Neisse was rejoined to the state of Saxony. As a result of the administrative reform of 1952 , the communities in the Uhyst area were assigned to the Hoyerswerda district , the communities around Boxberg to the Weißwasser district (both Cottbus district ) and the communities in the Klitten area to the Niesky district ( Dresden district ).
Bärwalde and Schöpsdorf were incorporated into Merzdorf on January 1st, 1957. Further parish mergers followed in the 1970s. This was initially the incorporation of Zimpel-Tauer on January 1, 1973 and that of Dürrbach and Klein-Radisch to Klitten on March 1, 1973, making Klitten the municipality in the Niesky district with most of the districts. On January 1, 1974, Sprey was the first parish to be incorporated into Boxberg, and on May 1 of the same year Drehna and the partially devastated parish lip came to Uhyst. Due to the devastation of Merzdorf and Schöpsdorf, Bärwalde became an independent municipality again on January 1, 1978, the parcels of land were incorporated into Bärwalde and Uhyst.
From the community association Schöpstal, to which the communities Boxberg, Nochten, Kringelsdorf, Reichwalde and Wunscha belonged, the community Wunscha was demolished in the mid-1980s for the Reichwalde opencast mine (and formally incorporated into Viereichen ).
Mönau joined Uhyst on March 1, 1994, whereby the municipality reached its largest area. At the same time, the partially devastated community of Nochten was incorporated into Boxberg. As a result of the Saxon district reform of 1994, the Niesky and Weißwasser districts were combined with part of the Görlitz-Land district to form the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District on August 1st . The district of Hoyerswerda continued unchanged until December 31, 1995.
The administrative community Boxberg , which had existed since 1992, was joined in 1996 by the municipality of Uhyst, which was the only municipality from the Hoyerswerda district to not transfer to the Kamenz district. The majority of the residents of the district of Lips spoke out against it, as a result of which Lips was changed from Uhyst to Lohsa . Kringelsdorf, a founding member of the administrative association, was incorporated into Boxberg on April 1, 1996.
Bärwalde, which has belonged to Lohsa since January 1, 1994, was transferred to Boxberg in 1998 and Reichwalde came to Boxberg on January 1, 1999 as the last remaining municipality of the former Schöpstal community association. Thus, in the territory of what is today the municipality of Boxberg, all places were divided between the three municipalities Boxberg, Klitten and Uhyst, whose borders met on Lake Bärwalder.
Since February 12, 1999, the municipality has had the addition "OL" (for Upper Lusatia) in its official name in order to better differentiate itself from other places called Boxberg .
On October 1, 2007, the municipality of Uhyst joined the municipality of Boxberg, which increased the number of districts from six to ten. Due to the merger with Klitten on February 1, 2009, the number of districts rose to 18 and the municipality received its current size. At the same time the administrative community Boxberg / OL was dissolved, since all member communities have meanwhile been incorporated.
religion
38% of the population of Boxberg are Protestant, 2% Catholic.
The evangelical uniate community has churches in Nochten and Sprey (parish Nochten / Boxberg), Klitten, Reichwalde and Uhyst, all of which belong to the Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia . As the only village in the municipality of Boxberg / OL, Tauer does not belong to any of the parishes mentioned, but is parish after Förstgen . Another church stood in Merzdorf, which was blown up in connection with the demolition in 1979.
There is also the Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Johannes in Klitten, which belongs to the Lausitz church district of the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church (SELK).
There is no Catholic church in Boxberg. The Catholics in Nochten, Reichwalde and Sprey belong to the parish "Heilig Kreuz" in Weißwasser , the believers in the other districts to the parish "Holy Family" in Hoyerswerda , whose next branch church is in Lohsa ("To the holy guardian angels"). The communities mentioned belong to the diocese of Görlitz .
Evangelical-Uniate Church Klitten
Evangelical Lutheran St. John's Church in Klitten
Nochtner Church
Reichwald Church
Chapel in Sprey
Uhyster Church
Merzdorf Church
(blown up in 1979)
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politics
Municipal council
Since the municipal council election on May 26, 2019 , the 16 seats of the municipal council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:
- Boxberg / OL (WVB) voters' association: 4 seats
- Voter association Uhyster Heimatverein e. V. (WVU): 4 seats
- CDU : 3 seats
- LEFT : 2 seats
- Voters' Association Free List Proximity to Citizens - Strengthening Localities (WVBN): 2 seats
- Voting Association Kringelsdorf (WVK): 1 seat
mayor
The full-time mayor of the municipality has been Achim Juncker (CDU) since August 1, 2015, who prevailed against two other candidates with 46.4% of the votes in the second ballot on June 28 of that year.
His predecessor Roland Trunsch, who also held the position of administrative chairman in the administrative community Boxberg / OL , which existed from 1992 to 2009 , had been mayor of Boxberg since 1985 and did not stand for election in his 30th year in office. After the resignation of Trebendorfer Mayor Peter Mäkelburg (1982 to 2010) he was the longest serving mayor in the old district of Weißwasser .
coat of arms
The community has a talking coat of arms depicting a roebuck on a mountain. The yellow heather sand and the blue background are based on the colors of the Bautzen city coat of arms , which also fulfills the function of the coat of arms of Upper Lusatia.
Community partnerships
The municipality maintains partnerships with the small town of Boxberg in Baden , the Polish municipality of Mysłakowice , the Polish city of Jelenia Góra and the Bulgarian port city of Balchik .
Culture and sights
Buildings
The Boxberg power plant is almost omnipresent and , thanks to its size, can be seen from many points of view throughout the entire municipality. In addition, the churches and the former manorial estates of several districts are worth seeing.
Parks
In the last years of his life, Friedrich Hermann Rötschke (1805–1893) designed the Bärwalde landscape park . In its design, he incorporated the natural course of the Spree, the Mühlgraben and the existing trees of Bärwalde.
The New Castle in Uhyst is surrounded by a baroque garden and an English landscape park.
The youngest and most famous park is the Lausitzer Foundlingspark Nochten in the north of the municipality. It was created on a charred and renatured part of the Nochten opencast mine and opened in 2004.
theatre
On the Boxberger bank of the Bärwalder See there is a hilly landscape around 350 meters long in the shape of a human ear. There is an amphitheater inside.
Events
Light and sound festival transNATURALE
From 2005 to 2015, the light and sound festival transNATURALE took place every year at the end of August / beginning of September, which culturally accompanied the multifaceted change in the region with its activities.
Lausitz rally
In and around Boxberg - in the filled and dismantled opencast mining areas of the Reichwalde and Nochten opencast mines - the Lausitz Rally has been held annually since 2000, a run of the German Rally Championship . This competition, which is 98% gravel, is organized by the Rallye-Renn- & Wassersportclub Lausitz e. V. in the ADMV organizes and attracts around 100 motorsport teams with top drivers from all over Europe every year.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The federal highway 156 runs through the municipality , via which the federal highway 4 (Dresden – Görlitz) is reached in Bautzen .
The community has two train stations in the districts of Uhyst and Jahmen (Klitten station) on the Węgliniec – Roßlau railway line, each with two-hour connections to Hoyerswerda and Niesky and Görlitz . The district of Boxberg (Upper Lusatia) formerly had a train station on the Uhyst – Boxberg railway line .
The Klix glider airfield (25 km), Bautzen airfield and Rothenburg / Görlitz airfield (both around 30 km) and Dresden Airport (80 km) are in the vicinity .
Commercial enterprise
The economy of the community is shaped by the Boxberg power plant north of the village of Boxberg, which is fired with lignite and with an installed capacity of 3520 MW was the largest steam power plant in Germany during the GDR era . After the closure of the oldest parts of the power plant, the renovation of Plant 3 (2 × 500 MW) and the newly built units Q (1996–2000, 900 MW) and R (2006–2012, 675 MW), the total output of the power plant is 2575 MW. In purely mathematical terms, the Boxberg power plant thus supplies electricity to more than four million households. In order to supply the new Block R with lignite, the LEAG predecessor Vattenfall reactivated the Reichwalde opencast mine, which had been suspended in 1999 .
To the south of Sprey, near the power plant, there is a fish farm owned by Peitzer Edelfisch Handelsgesellschaft, which used the hot water of the power plant for year-round breeding until the 1990s. There is a Europor plant on the Kringelsdorf industrial park .
The rest of the economy is shaped by a large number of small and medium-sized companies, which are divided between industry, handcraft, agriculture and services.
Personalities
- Johann Mentzer (1658–1734), pastor and hymn poet from Jahmen
- Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi (1757–1814), economist and translator from Dürrbach
- Jan Arnošt Smoler (1816–1884), Sorbian folk writer and scientist from Merzdorf
- Matej Handrik (1864–1946), folklorist and linguist from Jahmen, pastor in Runde
- Heinz Roy (1927–2019), German-Sorbian composer from Zimpel, former mayor of Klitten
- Hartmut Ulbricht (* 1950), member of the Volkskammer and member of the Saxon state parliament from Klitten
- Bogumił Šwjela (1873-1948), Lower Sorbian linguist and co-founder of Domowina , was pastor in Nochten for five years
- Gottfried Unterdörfer (1921–1992), forester and poet, who worked and died in Uhyst
Sources and further references
literature
- From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag , Bautzen 2006, ISBN 978-3-929091-96-0 , p. 259-277 .
- Upper Lusatian heather and pond landscape. A regional survey in the Lohsa, Klitten, Großdubrau and Baruth area . In: Values of the German homeland . tape 67 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-412-08903-6 .
Footnotes
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ Saxon Sorbs Act , Annex to Section 3 (2)
- ^ Report in the official gazette of the Liegnitz government 1825, pp. 431/432
- ↑ a b c d e f municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
- ↑ Area changes in the municipalities of Germany in 1996. (XLS; 140 kB) Federal Statistical Office, July 1, 2007, accessed on October 18, 2012 .
- ↑ Area changes in the municipalities of Germany in 1999. (XLS; 214 kB) Federal Statistical Office, July 1, 2007, accessed on October 18, 2012 .
- ↑ Area changes in the municipalities of Germany in 2007. (XLS; 364 kB) Federal Statistical Office, January 10, 2008, accessed on October 18, 2012 .
- ↑ Area changes in the municipalities of Germany in 2009. (XLS; 116 kB) Federal Statistical Office, January 31, 2010, accessed on October 18, 2012 .
- ↑ Population by gender and religion. Boxberg / OL In: Database of the 2011 census . Retrieved March 15, 2016 .
- ↑ Results of the 2019 municipal council elections
- ↑ Mayoral election 2015. Final result of the second ballot on June 28th. State Statistical Office of Saxony, accessed on March 15, 2016 .
- ^ Rally guide for the 13th ADMV Lausitz rally. (PDF; 1.99 MB) (No longer available online.) RRWC Lausitz e. V., August 8, 2012, pp. 8, 14 , archived from the original on October 21, 2012 ; Retrieved October 18, 2012 .
- ^ Sven Bock: New power plant block in Boxberg on the grid. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . October 11, 2012, accessed October 18, 2012 .
Web links
- Website of the municipality of Boxberg / OL
- Boxberg / OL in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Bad Muskau (Mužakow) | Beiersdorf | Bernstadt ad Eigen | Bertsdorf-Hörnitz | Boxberg / OL (Hamor) | Dürrhennersdorf | Ebersbach-Neugersdorf | Gablenz (Jabłońc) | Goerlitz | Groß Düben (Dźěwin) | Großschönau | Großschweidnitz | Chickens | Hainewalde | Herrnhut | Hohendubrau (Wysoka Dubrawa) | Horka | Jonsdorf | Kodersdorf | Königshain | Kottmar | Krauschwitz (Krušwica) | Kreba-Neudorf (Chrjebja-Nowa Wjes) | Lawalde | Leutersdorf | Löbau | Markersdorf | Mittelherwigsdorf | Mücka (Mikow) | Neißeaue | Neusalza-Spremberg | Niesky | Oderwitz | Olbersdorf | Oppach | Ostritz | Oybin | Quitzdorf am See | Reichenbach / OL | Rietschen (Rěčicy) | Rosenbach | Rothenburg / OL | Loop (slepo) | Schönau-Berzdorf ad Eigen | Schönbach | Schöpstal | Seifhennersdorf | Trebendorf (Trjebin) | Vierkirchen | Forest hooves | White chisel (Wuskidź) | White water (Běła Woda) | Zittau