New Uhyst Castle
The New Uhyst Castle is located on the northern edge of the village of the same name Uhyst in the Saxon district of Görlitz . It is located near the Spree that flows through the village and borders the Bärwalder See landscape park . The castle, which is now vacant, has a baroque garden and an English landscape park.
history
There was already an estate in Uhyst in the 15th century. In the 16th century Kaspar von Nostitz had a castle built in the local Hirschgarten, which remained in the possession of his family until Hans von Warnsdorf auf Kuhna bought it in 1607. His son sold it to Hans von Metzradt , who in 1626 became lord of Uhyst. In 1725 Friedrich Caspar Graf von Gersdorff (1699–1751) replaced Metzradt's descendants as feudal lord.
From 1738 to 1742 Gersdorff had the New Palace built in the village according to plans by an Italian architect and made it his family's residence. The alliance coat of arms of Gersdorff and his wife Dorothea Luise Charlotte Countess von Flemming (1706–1794), a daughter of Lieutenant General Count Bogislaw Bodo von Flemming, is located in the triangular gable on the street side .
In 1745, a Wendish preachers and teachers seminar with associated school, founded in 1730 on Gersdorff's estate in Klix , moved into the New Palace after the school in Klix had become too small due to the rapidly increasing number of pupils. Gersdorff also renovated the Spreewiese Castle (then Groß-Leichnamb ) near Klix.
In 1794 Heinrich XXVIII came. of the Principality of Reuss younger line in possession of the estate. He bequeathed it to his sister in 1797, who bequeathed it to her daughter Friederike Theodora Elisabeth von Tschirschky in 1801 . This in turn sold it in the same year to Heinrich Ludwig Graf zu Dohna . The Old Castle, built under Kaspar von Nostitz, was demolished in 1836. Further owners of the New Palace were from 1840 the higher regional judge Sigismund von Dallwitz , from around 1865 Ernst von Bredow and from around 1876 Rudolf Freiherr von Kratzler. In 1883 the New Palace became the property of Ferdinand Baron von Rabenau . Baron von Rabenau had an illegitimate child with Marie Hässler. Marie Hässler was married to the estate manager Alvin Kluge. After Baron von Rabenau's early death, it became the property of his children Herbert and Gerhard Kluge.
During the Second World War , the SS occupied Uhyst and forced the castle owner Herbert Kluge and his family to leave the castle to set up a base. In the course of the land reform in 1945, it was finally expropriated from the Kluge family. A primary school was then set up in part of the castle. At the same time, numerous refugees were accommodated in the castle. At the end of the 1940s it was converted into a lung sanatorium, which from 1952 primarily treated tuberculosis patients. In the decades that followed, the clinic specialized in liver and skin diseases. The hospital was closed in 1992 by decision of the district of Hoyerswerda . After the district reform , the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District was the owner of the castle for a time, which was then sold again to private ownership. The listed building has been empty since then. Since the owner did not take care of the maintenance and renovation of the increasingly dilapidated complex for years and did not pay any property tax, the castle was foreclosed in March 2006 and acquired by a Görlitz real estate agent for 25,000 euros . Two months later it was bought by a Dutchman at auction for EUR 62,000. The future use of the castle in need of renovation is still unclear.
In 2009, the municipality of Boxberg signed a cooperation agreement for the parks Uhyst and Nochten to work on the garden culture path on both sides of the Neisse . This benefits the maintenance of the castle park and the tourist marketing and the overall facility.
Building description
The originally baroque castle was converted into a mansion in the style of neoclassicism in the 19th century . The three-storey building on a rectangular floor plan is around 48.5 meters long, 18.5 meters wide and 13.5 meters high up to the eaves cornice . It has a high basement and a hipped roof. The usable area of the rooms, which are up to four meters high, is around 2,700 square meters. The originally six to eight rooms and utility rooms per floor were divided into 20 rooms, each around 18 square meters, as part of the conversion to a hospital. When the lower roof section was also expanded, twelve more rooms were created. As a result of this construction measure, the south-facing sandstone gable was removed in 1951, its counterpart on the entrance front with "heavy rolling leaf ornamentation, which formally can only be derived from the Dresden style" was retained and crowns a central projection. The risalit is also adorned with a colonnade and a balcony on it.
Park
The castle is surrounded by a freely accessible park, which the municipality of Boxberg / OL is responsible for as the owner. On the west side, the farm yard delimits the 4.5 hectare facility. A branch of the Spree flows through the castle park, which feeds the smaller of the two ponds with water. In the larger one, in the so-called swan pond, there is an island. The old trees include oak , beech , ash , alder , an elm and panicle hydrangeas . The park is part of that overlooking the today of an artificially created visual axis Bärwalder See the Boxberg power plant is aligned.
The part of the park immediately adjacent to the palace was laid out under Friedrich Caspar Graf von Gersdorff as a baroque garden based on the French model with a strictly geometric structure. On the central axis of the large lawn are the circular basins of two ornamental sandstone fountains . A similar fountain basin is also located in front of the entrance portal of the castle. There are also four sandstone sculptures in the baroque garden. On the axis of the fountain is a putto with a harp, which is flanked by sculptures of the twins Apollo and Artemis . A sculpture of Ceres adorns the eastern path into the garden. The sculptures originally come from the castle park in Mönau . Ferdinand Baron von Rabenau had them brought to Uhyst around 1879.
The rest of the park was designed in the style of an English landscape park. When the old castle was demolished in 1836, parts of the park were converted into arable land. Old linden trees in particular fell victim to the associated deforestation. Later owners of the New Palace had other parts of the trees cut down for economic reasons. Under the committee of Kessel , who acquired the palace complex in 1856, the palace grounds were again maintained and expanded. Before 1945 and during the GDR era, however, it was not freely accessible to the Uhyster population, which is why a public park was opened in the immediate vicinity in the 1960s.
After joining the garden culture path on both sides of the Neisse in 2009, park maintenance will take place through park seminars .
Future use
Since the castle was still under renovation and no utilization concept was in prospect after the foreclosure auction, the Förderkreis Schloss Uhyst ad Spree eV was founded in 2009. The support group collects donations for the maintenance of the building and the financing of renovation work that precedes the future use of the palace. Two out of five usage concepts appear to be particularly useful to the support group: the establishment of a privately owned elite grammar school and the conversion into a nursing home with a hospice . The originally large rooms would be available to a grammar school with a technical and business management orientation as classrooms and laboratories. The top floor is to be used as a boarding school, while a nearby mill, which was converted into a wood grinding shop in the 19th century, could serve as a sports hall. The so-called Dannenberg house, which was once considered Pädagogium the Moravian aristocratic pupils as Hermann von Pückler-Muskau trained is suitable according Förderkreis as a boarding school. For the establishment of a nursing home or the renewed use as a special clinic, the rooms would have to be brought up to date and an elevator would have to be installed. The location would benefit from the castle's quiet location and its proximity to hospitals in Bautzen , Hoyerswerda , Weißwasser and Niesky .
Other variants that the sponsorship group has in mind are the establishment of a scientific institute with further training, the expansion into an upscale hotel with 60 rooms and a wellness area, which reflects the increasing tourism in Lusatia, especially the Bärwalder See with its Water sports, as well as the use as a youth hostel and sports hotel with a performance and diagnostics center.
But the sponsoring association also lacks the necessary funds to repair and refurbish the enormous castle. Since there is no financier for the concept of the development association, the castle is still for sale.
literature
- Uhyst . In: Helmut Sieber : Castles in Silesia. A manual with 197 recordings . Weidlich, 1971, ISBN 3-8035-0332-9 , pp. 253-254.
- Astrid Mrosko: Formal structures preserved over centuries. Uhyst Castle Park . In: Ernst Panse (ed.): Park guide through Upper Lusatia . Lusatia Verlag , Bautzen 1999, ISBN 3-929091-56-9 , pp. 113-117.
Web links
- Support group Schloss Uhyst ( Memento from December 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- Castle park on the homepage garden culture path on both sides of the Neisse
Individual evidence
- ^ Staatliche Archivverwaltung (Ed.): Research from Central German Archives: For Hellmut Kretzschmar's 60th birthday . Rütten & Loening, 1953, p. 425.
- ↑ cf. schlossarchiv.de
- ↑ a b cf. burgen-und-schloesser.net
- ↑ Ingolf Tschätsch: Current Topic - Castle Stories: New Hope for Uhyst Castle . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , January 11, 2006.
- ↑ The Dutch buy Uhyst Castle . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , May 26, 2006.
- ↑ cf. sachsens-schlösser.de
- ^ Regina Weiß: Boxberg project partner for garden culture path in: Lausitzer Rundschau November 24, 2009, Weißwasser edition, accessed on June 3, 2018
- ↑ Entry on Uhyst Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved September 16, 2015.
- ↑ Sigfried Asche: Three family of sculptors on the Elbe: Eight masters of the seventeenth century and their works in Saxony, Bohemia and Brandenburg . RM Rohrer, 1961, p. 171.
- ↑ Sigfried Asche: Three family of sculptors on the Elbe: Eight masters of the seventeenth century and their works in Saxony, Bohemia and Brandenburg . RM Rohrer, 1961, p. 120.
- ^ Preliminary overview of the parks in Upper Lusatia . In: Ernst Panse (ed.): Park guide through Upper Lusatia . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 1999, p. 253.
- ↑ Anja Guhlan (ang1): Muscle strength against vegetation in: Lausitzer Rundschau October 21, 2013, Weißwasser edition, accessed on June 5, 2018
- ↑ Funding group for Uhyst Castle founded . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , December 18, 2009.
Coordinates: 51 ° 22 ′ 4.4 " N , 14 ° 30 ′ 36" E