Goerlitz district
| coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ' N , 14 ° 49' E |
| Basic data | |
| Existing period: | 2008– |
| State : | Saxony |
| Administrative headquarters : | Goerlitz |
| Area : | 2,111.41 km 2 |
| Residents: | 252,725 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 120 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | GR, LÖB, NOL, NY, WSW, ZI |
| Circle key : | 14 6 26 |
| NUTS : | DED2D |
| Circle structure: | 53 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Bahnhofstrasse 24 02826 Görlitz |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Bernd Lange ( CDU ) |
| Location of the district of Görlitz in Saxony | |
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The district of Görlitz ( Upper Sorbian Wokrjes Zhorjelc ) is the easternmost district in Saxony and Germany . In addition to the district center of Görlitz (from north to south) , large district towns are Weißwasser , Niesky , Löbau and Zittau . The district is located in the eastern part of Upper Lusatia and is a member of the Euroregion Neisse .
geography
The district of Görlitz is bordered by the Saxon district of Bautzen in the west, the Brandenburg district of Spree-Neiße in the north, the Polish districts of Żary ( Lebus Voivodeship ) and Zgorzelec ( Lower Silesian Voivodeship ) in the east and the Czech regions Liberec and Ústí in the south.
The northernmost part of the district and at the same time Eastern Saxony is located in Köbeln at 51 ° 35 '47 "north latitude, the southernmost in Lückendorf at 50 ° 49' 8". The 15th meridian runs through the district town of Görlitz , the most easterly part of the district and at the same time Germany, located a few kilometers north of it in the municipality of Neißeaue between the districts of Deschka and Zentendorf at 15 ° 02 ′ 37 ″ east longitude. The westernmost land point of the district is in the north in Mulkwitz at 14 ° 26 '27 ", the westernmost point of the southern district is in Oppach at 14 ° 28' 28".
The district of Görlitz is the district with the largest north-south expansion in Saxony and its appearance changes mainly along this axis. In the Sorbian settlement area in the north of the district, the settlement form of the Slavic round , which is often still recognizable in the center , gradually gives way to that of the elongated forest hoof village towards the south . Half-timbered houses are still common in the more densely populated south .
In the north, the district is relatively flat ( 98 m above sea level in the Neißetal von Köbeln near Bad Muskau on the southern edge of the Cottbus sand plate ) and is characterized by the Lusatian lignite mining district , the Muskauer Heide and the wooded Upper Lusatian heath and pond area . In a southerly direction the landscape rises steadily and merges into the Upper Lusatian region , the Eastern Upper Lusatia (with the Upper Lusatian mining area ) and the Lusatian mountainous region . From the Königshain Mountains with the Hochstein (406 m) and Kämperberge (415 m) elevations , the view is almost as far as the northern district boundary. To the south, the Lausitzer Bergland with striking mountains such as the Seidelberg (424 m), the Landeskrone (420 m), the Rotstein (455 m) and the Kottmar (583 m), from which one of the Spree springs rises, obstructs the view of the even higher mountains of the Zittau Mountains , whose highest mountains in the district are the Lausche (793 m) and the Hochwald (749 m).
In addition to the Lusatian Neisse in the east and the Spree in the west, the Mandau , Löbauer Wasser as well as the White and Black Schöps cross the district. With the Bärwalder See , the Quitzdorf dam and the Berzdorfer See , some of the largest standing waters in Saxony are located in the district of Görlitz.
See also: List of Landscapes in Saxony , Natural Areas in Saxony , List of Waters in Saxony
history
The district of Görlitz was created in the course of the Saxon district reform on August 1, 2008, when the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District (NOL), the independent city of Görlitz and the district of Löbau-Zittau were merged. These in turn arose in the Saxon district reform in 1994/1996, largely from the districts of Weißwasser , Niesky , Görlitz-Land , Löbau , Zittau (from north to south) and the urban district of Görlitz, which had existed since the administrative reform of 1952 . The northern part of the district also has a Silesian past, as it belonged to the Prussian province of Silesia from 1816 to 1945 (the villages around Uhyst only from 1825) or, during its division, to the province of Lower Silesia . The parts of the districts of Rothenburg (Ob. Laus.) And Görlitz lying west of the Lausitzer Neisse were essentially covered by this part of the district, while the southern district was essentially covered by the Saxon authorities of Löbau and Zittau .
The district council of the Löbau-Zittau district rejected the merger with the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District (including the city of Görlitz) at an early stage and agreed to merge the Löbau-Zittau and Bautzen districts , as a large part of the population preferred this variant. However, this did not correspond to the variant proposed by the Ministry of the Interior of the Free State of Saxony and therefore had poor chances of implementation.
On April 4, 2008, the Lord Mayor of Görlitz, Joachim Paulick, as well as the district administrators Günter Vallentin (district of Löbau-Zittau) and Bernd Lange (NOL) signed the dispute agreement. The public law contract between the two districts was also decided.
As part of the reform, the cities of Görlitz and Niesky were given the title of Large District Town in 2008 . Löbau, Weißwasser and Zittau already held this title, so that all cities in the Görlitz district that had been district towns since 1952 bear this title.
On May 25, 2009, the district received the title “ Place of Diversity ” awarded by the federal government .
In 2013, the modernized district office building in the southern city center opposite the Görlitz train station was ready to move into. From 2008 to 2013 , the district office was housed in the Jägerkaserne until its completion . There are branch offices that perform certain tasks in Weißwasser, Niesky, Görlitz, Löbau and Zittau.
politics
District Administrator
Bernd Lange was elected as District Administrator in June 2008. He was District Administrator in the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District from 2001 to 2008 . In the June 8 election, he ran against seven other candidates and received 42.8% of the vote. This gave him the relative majority, but missed the absolute. In the new election on June 22nd, a simple majority was sufficient, he received 57.6% of the votes and thus achieved an absolute majority against the three competitors. Due to an election challenge, Lange was only able to take up his post as district administrator later.
In the district election on June 7, 2015, Bernd Lange prevailed against Mirko Schultze (Die Linke) with 73.0% of the vote .
The term of office is 7 years, long re-election is not possible for reasons of age.
District council
The district council of the district of Görlitz is elected for five years. It currently consists of 86 members and the district administrator as chairman. According to the election on May 26, 2019, the seats are distributed as follows:
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Election for the Görlitz district council 2019
District election for the 2019/2024 legislative period
% 30th 20th 10
0
29.1
25.4
12.8
9.1
6.2
5.0
3.5
2.7
2.4
3.8
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
% p 25th 20th 15th 10 5
0
-5 -10 -15 +21.1
-11.8
+0.1
-5.8
+2.1
-2.9
-0.5
-0.2
+0.5
-0.7
Remarks:
j 2014: Citizens for Görlitz eV: 1.9%, ZKM: 1.3%, DSU: 0.4%
2019: ZKM: 2.1%, NPD: 1.0%, PARTY: 0.5%, WIR : 0.2% |
| Parties and constituencies | Percent 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
Percent 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
Percent 2008 |
Seats 2008 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 29.1 | 27 | 8.0 | 7th | - | - |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 25.4 | 23 | 37.4 | 36 | 35.1 | 33 |
| FW | Free voters in the Görlitz district association | 12.8 | 11 | 12.7 | 12 | 15.4 | 14th |
| THE LEFT. | THE LEFT. | 9.1 | 8th | 14.9 | 14th | 18.3 | 17th |
| GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 6.2 | 5 | 4.1 | 4th | 3.2 | 3 |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 5.0 | 4th | 7.9 | 7th | 7.4 | 7th |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 3.5 | 3 | 4.2 | 4th | 6.5 | 6th |
| KJIK | Community of voters for children, young people and families | 2.7 | 2 | 2.9 | 2 | 3.5 | 3 |
| BfG | Citizens for Görlitz | 2.4 | 2 | 1.8 | 1 | 2.7 | 2 |
| ZKM | Zittau can do more | 2.1 | 1 | 1.2 | 1 | - | - |
| NPD | National Democratic Party of Germany | 1.0 | 0 | 4.6 | 4th | 5.5 | 5 |
| The party | Party for work, the rule of law, animal welfare, elite support and grassroots initiative | 0.5 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
| We | Voters in Rietschen | 0.2 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
| DSU | German Social Union | - | - | 0.4 | 0 | 2.4 | 2 |
| total | 100 | 86 | 100 | 92 | 100 | 92 | |
| voter turnout | 61.7% | 50.4% | 46.0% | ||||
The following parliamentary groups have formed in the district council: AfD (27 members), CDU / FDP (26 members), Free Voters (incl. BfG and ZKM, 14 members), GRÜNE / SPD / KJIK (11 members), DIE LINKE. (8 members).
In the election for the Görlitz district assembly on May 25, 2019, the AfD received 29.1% of the vote, followed by the CDU with 25.2% and the free voters with 12.7%. This makes the Görlitzer district council the first and only one in Saxony in which the AfD will be the largest parliamentary group in the 2019/2024 legislative period. The NPD, however, did not manage to return. In the future 10 parties or electoral associations will be represented. Unlike before, only 86 seats were awarded instead of 92.
coat of arms
Blazon : “Split by a silver thread of blue and red; in front a golden shield, in which a red armored and tongued black eagle with a silver chest moon, the cavity of which is decorated with a cross, behind a soaring double-tailed golden crowned, armored and tongued silver lion; below, covering both fields, continuous and below adjoining three-tinned black grooved golden wall covered with a three-leaved green linden branch. "
The design of the new coat of arms of the district of Görlitz comes from the Magdeburg heraldist Jörg Mantzsch . It contains the Lower Silesian eagle and the Bohemian lion above the Upper Lusatian battlements . This is documented with the Sorbian linden leaf.
On January 28, 2009, the vote took place in the district council, with 61 district councils voting for and 21 against. The design of the coat of arms was submitted to the Saxon State Archives for examination. After a positive decision, the coat of arms was approved by the Dresden State Office on April 21, 2009 and has been the district's official emblem since the certificate was delivered.
Partnerships
The district of Löbau-Zittau (or its predecessor districts of Löbau and Zittau , which existed until 1994 ) had maintained a partnership with the Neckar-Odenwald district in Baden-Württemberg since 1990 . The district of Göppingen followed a year later . In 2000 a partnership was established with the Polish Lubań County .
The Lower Silesian Oberlausitzkreis maintained partnerships with the Bavarian districts of Neustadt an der Waldnaab and Schwandorf , the Polish district of sowieary and the Czech district of Semily .
The district of Görlitz has taken over the existing partnerships of its predecessors. Since 2008, the district has been seeking a partnership with the Ukrainian Vyshhorod Rajon , whose largest city Vyshhorod has around 27,000 inhabitants.
Economy and Infrastructure
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district of Görlitz was ranked 381 out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the regions with "high future risks". The district is one of the structurally weakest in Germany.
traffic
Coming from Bautzen , the federal motorway 4 ( Europastraße 40 ) leads east through the district to Görlitz. From Görlitz, the A 4 leads across the German-Polish border to Zgorzelec , where it connects to the Polish Autostrada A4 . Furthermore, some federal roads of different quality mostly lead through the more densely populated southern district area. These are the B 6 , B 96 , B 98 , B 99 , B 115 and B 178 . Most of the B 115 and the B 156 run north of the A4 . The completely new construction of the B 160 in the northern part of the district has been postponed indefinitely.
See also: List of streets in Saxony
Important railway lines are the Dresden – Görlitz , Bischofswerda – Zittau , Cottbus – Weißwasser – Görlitz , Görlitz – Zittau , Zittau – Liberec and Węgliniec – Niesky – Hoyerswerda lines . There are also two narrow-gauge railways, the Zittau-Kurort Oybin / Kurort Jonsdorf narrow-gauge railway and the Muskau forest railway, which is used as a museum railway .
There is a regional airfield in Rothenburg / Oberlausitz and a somewhat smaller one in Görlitz . The nearest airports are in Dresden and Breslau .
schools
Gymnasiums are located in Weißwasser, Niesky, Görlitz (two), Löbau, Herrnhut, Zittau and Seifhennersdorf.
See also: List of schools in lower secondary level in the Görlitz district
Colleges
- University of Applied Sciences Zittau / Görlitz (University of Applied Sciences)
- Neisse University (university cooperation in the Euroregion Neisse )
- International University Institute Zittau (University Institution of the State of Saxony)
- University of the Saxon Police (FH) in Rothenburg / OL
environment
The district of Görlitz has 23 nature reserves (NSG) which cover a total of 3224 ha (approx. 1.54% of the district area). By far the largest NSG in terms of area is the "Niederspreer Teichgebiet" NSG with approx. 1550 ha. There are also 280 natural monuments and 170 natural monuments (FND) in the district of Görlitz. The FND are about 315 hectares (about 0.15% of the total area of the district). The 17 landscape protection areas (LSG) in the district of Görlitz have a size of approx. 31,887 ha (15.2% of the district area). The LSG "Talsperre Quitzdorf and Kollmer Höhen", "Königshainer Berge" and "Zittauer Gebirge" reach areas of more than 5000 hectares. The Zittauer Gebirge Nature Park is also located in the district.
In the district there are the following 27 nature trails: Nature Trail Old grinder pond area with Borstelweg, nature trail landscape history Kreba-Neudorf , Eagle trail, nature trail at the forest Schulheim Stannewisch , water trail Horka - Biehain , woody trail United Saubernitz , granite mining trail Königshainer mountains , nature trail Landeskrone Görlitz, nature trail Berzdorfer Halden , Berzdorf nature experience trail, Ostritz forest experience path , Rotstein nature trail , large nature trail "All around Löbau", Löbauer Berg local history trail , Oppacher fountain trail , "In the footsteps of Pegasus", Obercunnersdorf nature trail, Herrnhut Zinzendorf trail , nature trail and Karasek ring trail Schülerbusch, Olbersdorfer See open-cast mining trail, " Alte Leipaer Straße " forest trail, " Lusatian and Zittau Mountains " cross- border nature trail, "Around Waltersdorf " nature trail with Lauschemoor, Jonsdorf millstone quarries nature trail, "Ahornzwer" nature trail g und Hochwaldmännlein «, the Großschönau fruit tree educational trail and the Bertsdorf-Hörnitz nature and culture trail .
cities and communes
(Population figures as of December 31, 2019, official Sorbian community names in italics)
Administrative communities and administrative associations
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License Plate
On August 1, 2008, the district was assigned the GR distinguishing mark, which had been valid since January 1, 1991 for the then district and the then independent city of Görlitz . Since November 9, 2012, the distinctive signs LÖB (Löbau district), NOL (Lower Silesian Oberlausitzkreis), NY (Niesky district), WSW (Weißwasser district) and ZI (Zittau district) have been available.
literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 228–230, item 17.
- District of Görlitz (ed.): Between Neisse, Schöps and Spree. The district of Görlitz . Verlag Gunter Oettel, Görlitz 2012, ISBN 978-3-938583-79-1 .
- District of Görlitz (Hrsg.): Habitats in the district of Görlitz . Verlag Gustav Winter, Herrnhut 2012 ( digital version (PDF file; 8.62 MB))
See also
- List of places in the district of Görlitz
- List of coats of arms in the district of Görlitz
- List of castles and palaces in the district of Görlitz
- List of castle walls in the district of Görlitz
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ Martina Hanold, Angelika Brinkop, Thoralf Schirmer: Three signatures for a circle. In: Lausitzer Rundschau , Lokal-Rundschau for Weißwasser and Niesky. April 4, 2008.
- ^ Result of the 2008 district council election . Accessed December 8, 2008 .
- ^ Result of the 2015 district council elections . State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on June 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Result of the district council election 2019. Accessed on September 9, 2019 .
- ^ Result of the district council election 2019; preliminary official results. Retrieved May 28, 2019 .
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
- ↑ Landkreis Görlitz (Ed.): Nature trails in the district of Görlitz: 27 nature trails of the district of Görlitz presented. 2011
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
