Sprey

Sprey Sprjowje Municipality Boxberg / OL Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ′ 30 ″  N , 14 ° 32 ′ 15 ″  E
Height :	123 m above sea level NN
Area :	3.88 km²
Residents :	65  (December 31, 2008)
Population density :	17 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st January 1974
Postal code :	02943
Area code :	035774

Sprey , Upper Sorbian Sprjowje is, with about 70 inhabitants one of the smallest districts of eastern Saxony municipality Boxberg / OL is known the village in the Sorbian settlement area through his meal wooden church , built in 1780 without a nail. To the west of the town, the Schwarze Schöps flows into the Spree .

Link-sensitive graphics : Sprey's closer surroundings on the map of the Priebussischer Kreis and the Muskau rule by Johann George Schreiber , published in 1745

geography

Spreestrasse in a southerly direction just before the Sprey junction

In the form of a street village with a round hamlet core , Sprey is located northwest of Boxberg on the higher eastern bank of the Schwarzen Schöps, shortly before it flows into the Spree. Spree was down Northwestern The 1979 broken village Tzschelln , in the north and north-east is the open pit Nochten , to the east is Nochten and southwest closes Bärwalde on. The Boxberg power plant in the southeast is striking .

The Spreestrasse, a district road that connects the state road  130 between Neustadt / Spree and Mulkwitz with the federal road 156 , runs east of the village. To the north of Sprey, three tank crossings lead from the Nochten opencast mine to the western part of the Oberlausitz military training area , one of which is in use.

history

Street side of the Schrotholzkirche

In the district of Sprey there are only a few archaeological finds that prove prehistoric settlement activity. The type of settlement as well as many Sorbian and Sorbian-derived field names indicate a Slavic settlement.

Sprey was officially mentioned as Spec on June 8, 1552 in the Urbarium and in 1597 as Sprey in the Muskau lordship's deed of sale . The old wood church , whose predecessor was probably built around 1522 , shows that the village is older . In the church there is a carved altar with a picture of Saint Martin , which was probably made towards the end of the 15th century.

In 1552, a pitch furnace was named as additional income in addition to agriculture on mainly sandy and poor-yielding soils .

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the Kingdom of Bohemia ceded the two lusatian margravates to the Electorate of Saxony in the Peace of Prague of 1635 , whereby Sprey became an Electorate.

Idyllic location: cemetery and church

After the scrap wood chapel was completely neglected, it was completely renovated in 1780. In this way the still existing scrap wood church was created.

After the Wars of Liberation , the Kingdom of Saxony had to cede more than half of its state territory to Prussia in 1815, including Lower Lusatia and a large part of Upper Lusatia . In the following year Sprey was assigned to the Prussian-Silesian district of Rothenburg (Ob. Laus.) , In which it was one of the smallest communities in terms of inhabitants.

The children went to school in Nochten until a running school was set up in the village in 1840, to which the Tzschellner teacher came for lessons. This school existed until 1863.

Roof turret of the church

Until 1890, the Sprey Church was a subsidiary church of the Sorbian Andreas Church in Muskau , after which it belonged to the Tzschellner Church, which in turn had been a subsidiary church of the Nochten Church since 1627. The majority of the population was still Sorbian , which was also reflected in the language. Due to the relatively remote location of the three communities, the Nochten dialect and the Nochten costume were able to develop over the centuries . Sorbian was spoken in Sprey until 1935 .

The abolition of manor districts during the Weimar Republic , during which between 1928 and 1930 around 98% of the almost 12,000 Prussian manor districts were dissolved and incorporated, led to a curiosity in the Muskau class . The 15 estate districts of the class rule were largely dissolved and divided between the 2 cities and 24 communities, what remained was an uninhabited estate district in which several forests of the class rule were combined. Bridges and 120 of the 420 kilometers of the road network passed from the manor districts to the municipalities. While the maintenance issue had been resolved for most of the bridges, there was a dispute at the Spreyer Spreebrücke near the then district border. The Rothenburg district administrator decided in 1940 that the legal successors of the respective manor district had to pay the maintenance costs of 7031.86 Reichsmarks on a pro-rata basis. The forest district had to bear about half, the rest was on the city of Weißwasser (51%) and the 18 communities Gablenz , Haide , Halbendorf , Krauschwitz , Köbeln , Lugknitz , Mühlrose , Nochten , Publick , Rietschen , Rohne , Sagar , Runde , Skerbersdorf , Trebendorf , Tschöpeln , Tzschelln and Weißkeißel , which were up to 25 kilometers away from the bridge. In return, the Sprey community had to take care of the maintenance of the bridge.

After the Second World War , the Silesian part of Upper Lusatia, which lay west of the Neisse, was again added to the state of Saxony. During the administrative reform of 1952, Sprey came to the Weißwasser district (Cottbus district).

The scrap wood church received its striking appearance with turrets in 1949 through the construction of a roof turret.

On May 5, 1960, the agricultural production cooperative (LPG) "Nowa Wjes" ("new village, Neudorf") type I was founded. It started out with 20 members. The children have also been attending school in Uhyst since 1960 .

On January 1, 1974, Sprey was incorporated into Boxberg. The Boxberg School has only been attended by school children since 1991.

Population development

year	Residents
1782	96
1825	119
1863	136
1871	147
1885	127
1905	121
1925	110
1939	115
1946	113
1950	102
1964	97
1971	74
1999	75
2008	65

From the land register of the rulership of Muskau it emerges that between 1552 and 1782 the majority of the population was made up of 10 possessed men, who are spread over 8 half- farms and 2 feudal farms. There was also a gardener and two cottagers in 1552 , a total of 13 farms.

By 1630, the number of farms grew to 16, although the gardener's position was no longer available. In addition to the ten possessed men, there were six cottagers. At the end of the Thirty Years War in 1647 a total of 10 farms were in desolation. Only five farmer and one cottager positions were occupied. By the end of the century the old population was almost reached. In 1699 a total of 15 farms, including a gardener and four cottagers, were named.

In 1777, the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) and the famine years at the beginning of the decade had left their mark, there were only 12 farms left, including two cottagers. Just five years later the level of 1699 was reached again and 96 inhabitants were named. Almost 30 years later, the number of farm positions had decreased by one to nine.

From 1782 to 1871 the population grew by about half to almost 150, after which it fell slowly but almost steadily. According to Arnošt Muka , the population was still purely Sorbian in 1884 . Ernst Tschernik still counted a Sorbian-speaking population of 90.7% in 1956. This made Sprey one of the villages in the area with the highest proportion of Sorbian inhabitants. Since then, the language has largely disappeared from everyday life here too.

In the 1950s the population was 100, in 1971 only 74. Although this level was maintained until the turn of the millennium, it fell further afterwards.

Place name

Name variants are Spec (1552), Sprey (1597), Spree (1732) and Chaff (1791). The name is not derived from the Spree, but from the Schöps, which was also previously called the Spree. This thesis, represented by Jan Meschgang (1973) and Ernst Eichler (1975), is based, among other things, on the fact that Sproitz on the Schwarzen Schöps and Spree on the Weißen Schöps show a similar development of names.

Sources and further reading

literature

• Heiner Mitschke (editor): From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 3-929091-96-8 , p. 263 f .
• Robert Pohl: Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home . Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1924, p. 193 f .
• Hermann Graf von Arnim, Willi A. Boelcke: Muskau. Jurisdiction between the Spree and the Neisse . 2nd Edition. Ullstein publishing house, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 1978, ISBN 3-549-06695-3 .

Footnotes

1. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Data quoted from von Arnim, Boelke: Muskau , p. 604.
3. ↑ Sprey in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
4. ↑ Von der Muskauer Heide zum Rotstein , p. 263.
5. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
6. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 255 .
7. ^ Jan Meschgang: The place names of Upper Lusatia . 2nd Edition. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1979, p. 110 (edited by Ernst Eichler ).
8. ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book . In: German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . tape  28 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 300 .

Web links

Commons : Sprey / Sprjowje  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Sprey  - Sources and full texts

• Boxberg / OL - Sprey district