Arnošt Muka

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Arnošt Muka (1896)
Arnošt Muka
Grave of Arnošt and Loska Muka in the diving cemetery in Bautzen

Arnošt Muka , German Karl Ernst Mucke (born March 10, 1854 in Großhänchen ; † October 10, 1932 in Bautzen ) was a Sorbian writer, folklorist and organizer of Sorbian national cultural life and literary press, founder of the Sorbian Museum .

Life

Arnošt Muka was born as the eldest son of the manor owner Jan Jurij Muka (1824–1875, Johann Georg Mucke) and Maria Mitašec (1830–1894, Maria Mittasch). He attended elementary school from 1860 to 1866 and the grammar school in Bautzen from 1866 to 1874 and took the final examination . He became a member of the Sorbian high school student association Societas Slavica Budissinensis . He then studied theology , philology and Slavic studies in Leipzig from 1874 to 1879 , where he passed the senior teacher examination in October 1879 , and then spent his probationary year at the grammar school in Zittau . Muka was a co-initiator of the body of young sorbs Lipa Serbska . He was active in the Sorbian amateur theater movement and founded the series Prěnja serbska dźiwadłowa zběrka (First Collection of Sorbian Drama), which he published from 1880 to 1923.

After his appointment to the Bautzen high school in 1880, Muka was active in the Budyska bjesada association , which pursued Sorbian patriotic goals. At the urging of the then Mayor of Bautzen, Löhr, and against the protest of his rector Kreussler, Muka was transferred to Chemnitz in 1883 . In 1887 Muka took a position at the grammar school in Freiberg , where he was appointed professor in 1901 and vice-principal in 1912 . When he retired in 1916, Muka moved to Bautzen, where he produced further publications.

Muka married in 1881, his first wife died in 1893. In 1909 he married Aloisia Valentina, called Loska Irmlerová.

Act

Muka is considered the patron and patron of Jakub Bart-Ćišinski , with whom he founded the Sorbian student meeting “ Schadźowanka ” and the literary-cultural “ Young Sorbian Movement” in 1875 . He is the founder of the Sorbian Museum and has been honorary chairman of the Sorbian scientific society Maćica Serbska since 1922 , having been a member since 1874 and an honorary member since 1904. In 1887 he was made an honorary member of the Lausitzer Predigergesellschaft zu Leipzig . He was also a member of the Academies of Sciences in Cracow (1895), Zagreb (1896), Prague (1897), Belgrade (1903), St. Petersburg (1913) and Warsaw (1925), the Society of Sciences in Prague (1903) and the Russian Archaeological Society (1911).

In the course of his life he gained an exemplary reputation as a developer and distributor of Sorbian literature and press products. He was the editor of the collected works of Handrij Zejler (1883-1891), editor of the fiction- cultural magazine Łužica (1882-1907) and editor of Časopis Maćicy Serbskeje (1894-1932). His main work is the 2500-page dictionary of the Lower Wendish language and its dialects .

Honors

Muka received the Serbian Order of St. Sava (1893), the Russian Order of Saint Stanislaus (1900), the Montenegrin Order of Danilo (1906), the Russian Order of St. Anne III. Class (1914) and the Saxon Order of Albrecht I Class (1916). In Cottbus the Ernst-Mucke-Straße bears his name and in Bautzen the Dr.-Ernst-Mucke-Straße leading to the house of the Sorbs was named after him. The house at Weigangstrasse 16 in Bautzen, where Arnošt Muka lived from 1917 to 1932, bears a plaque with his face.

Works

literature

  • Peter Kosta , Madlena Norberg (ed.): Arnošt Muka - a Sorbe and universal scholar . (= Podstupimske Pśinoski k Sorabistice, volume 6 ). Universitätsverlag, Potsdam 2004, ISBN 3-937786-26-0 ( full text ).
  • Gerhart Schröter:  Mucke, Ernst. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 256 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Gunter Spieß: Muka, Arnost. In: Friedrich Beck and Eckart Henning (eds.): Brandenburgisches Biographisches Lexikon (= individual publication by the Brandenburg Historical Commission eV, Volume 5). Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam 2002, ISBN 3-935035-39-X , pp. 288-289.
  • Muka, Arnošt. In: Ernst Eichler (Ed.): Slavonic Studies in Germany from the Beginnings to 1945. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1993, ISBN 3-7420-1538-9 , pp. 275-277 (with picture)
  • Frantisek Pastrnek and Josef Páta : Arnošt Muka. Nákladem České akademie věd a umění, Praha 1933 (with picture and bibliography)
  • Otto Lehmann : Obituary. In: New Lusatian Magazine . Volume 108, 1932, pp. 189-195
  • Schwela : Professor Dr. Ernst Mucke † October 10, 1932. In: Niederlausitzer Mitteilungen. Volume 21, Guben 1933, pp. 136-137
  • Serbski biografiski słownik [Sorbian Biographical Lexicon]. Ludowe nakładnistwo Domowina, Budyšin 1970, pp. 187–188
  • Jan Petr: Muka, Arnošt. In: Nowy biografiski słownik k stawiznam a kulturje Serbow. Domowina, Budyšin 1984, p. 400–401 (with picture)
  • Bruno Volger: Saxony's scholars, artists and writers in words and pictures with an appendix: “Non-Saxony”. Volger, Leipzig-Gohlis 1908, pp. 107–108 (with picture, digitized version )
  • Germany, Austria-Hungary and Switzerland scholars, artists and writers in words and pictures. 2nd edition, Steinhage, Hannover 1910, p. 506 (with picture)

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Baptism, marriage and Death news 1826–1835. In: familysearch.org: Bautzner church books 1699–1915. Retrieved May 28, 2013 (image 201 of 437). Deviating from this, the mother's year of birth is also given as 1832, for example in the New German Biography and in the Saxon Biography.
  2. ↑ Peter Kosta : The historical grammar Arnošt Mukas and its meaning for the development of the Lower Sorbian language . In: Magdalena Norberg and Peter Kosta, Institute for Slavic Studies at the University of Potsdam (ed.): Arnošt Muka - a Sorbe and universal scholar (=  Podstupimske pśinoski k Sorabistice - Potsdam contributions to Sorabistics . No. 6). Universitätsverlag Potsdam, 2004, ISBN 978-3-939469-56-8 , ISSN  1615-2476 , p. 9–11 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

Web links

Commons : Arnošt Muka  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Muka, Arnošt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mucke, Ernst (German); Mucke, Karl Ernst (full German name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Sorbian Sorabist, linguist, folklorist, promoter of Sorbian culture
DATE OF BIRTH March 10, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Big boy
DATE OF DEATH October 10, 1932
Place of death Bautzen