Tzschelln

Tzschelln Čelno Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ′ 10 ″  N , 14 ° 30 ′ 24 ″  E
Incorporation :	January 1, 1977

Tzschelln ( Upper Sorbian Čelno , outdated Třělno ) is a former village in Upper Lusatia , 10 km southwest of Weißwasser . The location on the Spree between Neustadt and Boxberg was devastated in 1979 by the Nochten open-cast mine due to lignite mining . 276 people were relocated. Most of them moved to Weißwasser and Runde.

Link-sensitive graphics : Tzschelln's immediate surroundings on the map of the Priebussischer Kreis and the Muskau rule by Johann George Schreiber , published in 1745

history

The place, which always belonged to the rulership of Muskau, had different names. In 1453 it was recorded under the name Czhillen , 1479 under Tschellen , 1513 under Schellin and Schelm , 1704 Zscheln , 1791 Zschellen , 1831 Tschelln .

In the 15th century, Tzschelln paid interest - probably together with Mulkwitz and Mühlrose - the Lords of Pannewitz. Fabian von Schoenaich, who expanded the Muskau rulership between 1551 and 1573 with goods, also acquired the lands around Mühlrose, Mulkwitz, Tzschelln and the Ruhlmühle from the Pannewitzers, so that the Muskau rulership expanded in the west to the Spree.

The branch church of Runde belonged to the Archdiakonat Oberlausitz under the provost of Bautzen until 1588. In 1588 the church in Tzschelln was connected to the Nochten church, with the main church in Tzschelln. Since 1890 the parish of Sprey was parish after the Tzschellner church. It is documented that after a fire (1745) the tower and the roof were renewed in 1748. In 1807 the church was completely restored. The parish therefore celebrates a church anniversary in 1907.

In 1835 a school was built in the village, and in 1890 a cardboard factory.

On February 27, 1904, a wolf, the Sabrodt tiger, was hunted not far from the village .

In 1908 the place belonged to the Reichwalde district and the Muskau district court . Since 1816 Tzschelln belonged to the newly formed district of Rothenburg (Ob. Laus.) , From 1952 to the district of Weißwasser . Since December 28, 1910 the manor district Kuthen, a forest , which was formed from parts of the rural community Tzschelln. The parcels of 371 hectares named Tzschellner Kuthen belonged to the district of Forst Muskau. They were in the rural community on the 30 September 1929 Neustadt in the district Burghammer , Kreis Hoyerswerda incorporated.

On February 10, 1928, the Nochten district was founded by separating the rural communities of Boxberg, Nochten, Tzschelln and Sprey from the Reichwalde district.

In 1936, Tzschelln was renamed Nelkenberg as part of the Germanization of non-German place names . In 1947 the renaming was reversed.

Tzschelln has been influenced by lignite mining since the 1960s . In the western part of the Weißwasser district , the Nochten open-cast mine was opened up and will continue to exist well into the 21st century.

population

year	Residents
1630	14 possessed men, 10 cottagers
1777	7 possessed men, 7 cottagers, 5 devastation
1825	174
1871	222
1885	218
1905	236
1925	312
1939	328
1946	308
1950	313
1964	311

Sorbian language

The place Tzschelln belonged to the Sorbian language area. The Sorbian linguist Ernst Mucke documented in 1884 that 90% (approx. 196 people) of the population spoke Sorbian. Around 1950 it was 85% (approx. 266 people). After the Second World War there was a category B school in the village . Sorbian was taught as a foreign language in this. It is possible that some subjects were also taught bilingually. The Nochten dialect was spoken in Tzschelln .

Muskau Forest Railway

See also : Forest Railway Muskau

Weißwasser – Ruhlmühle
Legend from Muskau to brick factory White water Berlin – Görlitz railway line Tiergarten East Hunting lodge Loading track Tzschelln Ruhlmühle

The Muskau landlord, Count Hermann von Arnim , had a horse-drawn railway with a gauge of 600 mm built in 1895 to develop the forests and raw material deposits in the area around Muskau and Weißwasser . In addition, the resulting industrial operations (lignite mines, brickworks, sawmills, paper factories and glassworks) should be connected to the rail network. The first two steam locomotives were purchased as early as 1895. By the turn of the century, the track network had grown to around 50 km. A branch of the route from Weißwasser to Ruhlmühle led to Tzschelln.

Devastation

The place had to give way to the advancing Nochten opencast mine in the 1970s . It was demolished in several stages. The Tzschellner expansion with 18 inns was relocated in 1972 and 1973. Further clearance was completed in 1976. Last 195 resettlers had to leave the place. The place was formally incorporated into Weißwasser in 1977 . The half-timbered church was blown up in 1978. Today a memorial plaque reminds of a historical site.

Great personalities

• Hendrich Jordan (1841–1910), Sorbian teacher, writer and folklorist

See also

• List of abandoned locations in the Lausitz coal area
• List of excavated towns
• Archive of disappeared places

literature

• Heiner Mitschke (editor): From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 3-929091-96-8 , p. 263 f .
• Robert Pohl: Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home . Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1924, p. 193 f .
• Hermann Graf von Arnim, Willi A. Boelcke: Muskau. Jurisdiction between the Spree and the Neisse . 2nd Edition. Ullstein publishing house, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1978, ISBN 3-549-06695-3 .
• Frank Förster : Disappeared Villages. The demolitions of the Lusatian lignite mining area until 1993. (=  Writings of the Sorbian Institute . Volume 8 ). Bautzen 1995, ISBN 3-7420-1623-7 .
• Helmut Faßke (ed.): The Lower Sorbian Wendisch. A language-time journey . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2003, ISBN 3-7420-1886-8 .
• Edmund Pech: The Sorbs Policy of the GDR 1949-1970 . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1999, ISBN 3-7420-1807-8 .
• Archive of Disappeared Places (Ed.): Documentation of mining-related resettlements . Forest 2010
• Evangelical parish Horno (ed.): Lost homeland, mining and its effects on churches and parishes in Upper and Lower Lusatia. Horno 2007, ISBN 3-935826-88-5

Web links

Wikisource: Tzschelln  - Sources and full texts

• Photos by Tzschelln on the website of the Deutsche Fotothek
• From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein
• Jan Meschgang: The place names of Upper Lusatia . 2nd Edition. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1979 (edited by Ernst Eichler ).
• Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Upper Lusatia book of place names - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book . In: German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . tape 28 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975.
• Tzschelln in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Archive of Disappeared Places (ed.): Documentation of mining-related resettlements . Forst 2010, p. 265
2. ↑ Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Horno (Hrsg.): Lost homeland, mining and its effects on churches and parishes in Upper and Lower Lusatia. Horno 2007, ISBN 3-935826-88-5 , p. 50
3. ^ Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874–1945: Reichwalde district. Retrieved December 16, 2013 .  
4. ^ Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874–1945: Nochten district. Retrieved December 16, 2013 .  
5. ↑ Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Horno (Hrsg.): Lost homeland, mining and its effects on churches and parishes in Upper and Lower Lusatia. Horno 2007, ISBN 3-935826-88-5 , p. 51