1970s

Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar

◄ | 19th century | 20th century | 21st century
◄ | 1940s | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | ►
1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979

The 1970s was the eighth decade of the 20th century and lasted from 1970 to 1979.

In Western history in particular , the 1970s are seen as a time of crises, upheavals and changes. The two oil price crises of 1973/74 and 1979 as well as the end of the long post-war boom in Western economies and the ongoing stagflation in some countries contribute to this impression .

Events

Bronze plaque on the monument to the kneeling

A “Zippo Monitor” from the Mobile Riverine Force is bombarding the bank with napalm

Warsaw kneels - in 1970 , Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt asks Poland for forgiveness for German crimes in World War II . In 1971 Brandt received the Nobel Peace Prize for this .
1970/ 1971 : Moscow and Warsaw treaties - recognizing the Oder-Neisse line by the Federal Republic of Germany .
Bundesliga scandal in West Germany (1971–1975).
Munich hostage-taking at the Summer Olympics (1972).
Failed constructive vote of no confidence by the CDU in the German Bundestag and new elections (1972).
Richard Nixon was confirmed in the 1972 US presidential election with the second-best result in history.
On January 1, 1973, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Denmark join the European Economic Community . The Community of Six becomes " EG -9"; especially in Great Britain one speaks mostly of the “common market”.
Oil crisis in autumn 1973, triggered by some Arab states on the occasion of an Arab-Israeli war . Car-free (Sundays) days .
Watergate Affair : Richard Nixon resigns (1974).
Guillaume Affair : Willy Brandt resigns (1974).
First soccer world championship in Germany (1974).
End of the Vietnam War (1975).
Hostage-taking in Vienna's OPEC main building (1975).
Lebanon : The Lebanese civil war begins in 1975 with an attack on a bus in East Beirut .

1976: first G7 summit

Red Army Faction : German Autumn (1977)

Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty 1978 / 1979 , see also Middle East conflict .

The community reform reduces the number of individual communities in the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany by two thirds. It will officially be completed in the middle of the decade.

The external value of the Deutsche Mark rises considerably: if you had to shell out more than DM 3.50 for a US dollar in 1970, the price fell below DM 2 at the end of the decade (see exchange rate .)

End of the 1970s: The Greens party , environmental protection movements and nuclear phase-out groups.

For the unrest and tensions in the Catholic Church in the decade after the Vatican are Archbishop Lefebvre and the controversy that Hans Kung with his book Infallible? A request started .

The Polish cardinal Karol Wojtyła becomes Pope - John Paul II (1978).

Islamic Revolution (1978/1979).

NATO double decision (1979).

Cultural history

Pong , the first commercial video game (1972)

Hippies , then new social movements , peace movement , anti-nuclear power movement , demonstrations e.g. B. at the Brokdorf nuclear power plant
Hortense von Gelmini becomes the first German conductor of a symphony orchestra
Bhagwan
Europe (label)
Jesus-People
Playback theater
punk
Radio Dreyeckland
Raster search
Schoolgirl Report
Emma
We children from Bahnhof Zoo
MAD magazine with new editor-in-chief Herbert Feuerstein
Zack (comic magazine; 1972 to 1980)
Peep shows

technology

VW Golf I.

Beginning of the personal computer era with the establishment of companies such as Apple , Microsoft and others. a.

The first generation of video games begins with consoles such as B. Fairchild Channel F or Atari 2600 .

Pong (video game), Etch A Sketch

Werner Stengel develops the first risk-free looping loop together with Anton Schwarzkopf .

Variably usable compact cars with a large tailgate like the VW Golf define a new vehicle class after the oil crisis.

Inauguration of the New Elbe Tunnel in 1975

watch TV

Movie

Individual contributions internationally

Individual contributions Germany

Oscar Winner (Best Picture)

Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival

1970: MASH
1971: The mediator
1972: The Mattei Case and The Working Class 'Path to Paradise '
1973: Message for Lady Franklin and Asphalt Blossoms
1974: The dialogue
1975: Chronicle of the Years of Embers
1976: Taxi Driver
1977: Padre Padrone - My father, my lord
1978: The wooden shoe tree
1979: Apocalypse Now and The Tin Drum

Film genre

Others

music

Music stars of the 1970s

Events

On April 10, 1970, The Beatles announced their breakup.

The German Phono Academy was founded on September 27, 1973; the Federal Association of the Phonographic Industry awarded the Golden Record in Germany from 1975 .

From 1974 a new genre emerged with disco music , which was typical of the lifestyle of the time and has cult status to this day .

Relevant publications

Songs

(selected by Rolling Stone )

Layla , Derek and the Dominos
Bridge over Troubled Water , Simon & Garfunkel
Imagine , John Lennon
What's going on , Marvin Gaye
Let's stay together , Al Green
Stairway to Heaven , Led Zeppelin
No Woman, No Cry , Bob Marley and the Wailing Wailers
Born to Run , Bruce Springsteen
Hotel California , Eagles
Heroes , David Bowie
Anarchy in the UK , Sex Pistols
Redemption Song , Bob Marley
London Calling , The Clash
Dancing Queen , ABBA

Albums

Eric Clapton : Slowhand
Led Zeppelin: Led Zeppelin IV
Black Sabbath : Master of Reality
Clay stones shards : No power for nobody
Genesis : Foxtrot
Pink Floyd : The Dark Side of the Moon
Frank Zappa : Over-Nite Sensation
Power plant : Autobahn
Bruce Springsteen: Born to Run
Queen : A Night at the Opera
Sex Pistols: Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols
The Clash: London Calling
AC / DC : Highway to Hell
ABBA : Arrival
Deep Purple: Deep Purple In Rock / Machine Head

Individual contributions internationally

Individual contributions Germany

Willy Brandt receives Roy Black , 1971

typical fashion of the early 1970s

Fashion and design

Long hairstyles in men
Beard , sideburns
Mini skirt
parka
Wooden clogs
Platform shoes , e.g. Sometimes also in men
Bell bottoms
Hot pants

Living room in 1971

Others

Image description

Pictures from the seventies

The following can be seen on this picture (line by line from left to right):

Richard Nixon left Washington, DC on August 9, 1974 after resigning from the Watergate affair
The fall of Saigon at the end of the Vietnam War
The Iranian Revolution of 1979 (the Islamic Revolution ) leads to the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Disco music is popular
Symbolic image for the "oil crisis" of 1973, see the oil price crisis
Several hundred thousand people fell victim to cyclone Bhola on November 12, 1970
Signing of the Camp David Agreement in 1978

People (selection)

Richard Nixon and Elvis Presley

Helmut Schmidt

Bruno Kreisky in the GDR, 1978

politics

Arts and Culture

literature

Werner Faulstich (ed.): The culture of the seventies . (= Cultural history of the twentieth century). Fink, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7705-4022-0 .
Zeithistorische Forschungen / Studies in Contemporary History 3 (2006), Volume 3: The 1970s - Inventory of a Time of Change .
Dominic Lutyens / Kirsty Hislop: 70s Style & Design, Edel, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-941378-24-7 .
Elvira Lauscher, "Our cookbook of the 70s", Wartberg Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-8313-2388-3 .
Emanuel Ammon "70s" illustrated book, AURA photo book publisher, 2011, ISBN 978-3-9523375-4-7 .
Albrecht Geck : The Federal Republic in the 1960s and 1970s - A general orientation with a focus on the history of theology . In: Siegfried Hermle, Jürgen Kampmann (Ed.): The evangelical movement in Württemberg and Westphalia. Beginnings and Effects . Contributions to the Westphalian Church History 39, Bielefeld (Luther-Verlag) 2012, 25–41.

Web links

Commons : 1970s - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Profiles of the 1970s - a topic portal of the seminar for contemporary history, University of Tübingen

Remarks

↑ Cf. for Western Europe u. a. Anselm Doering-Manteuffel , Lutz Raphael : After the boom. Perspectives on contemporary history since 1970 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2008 (3rd edition 2012).

[1] Cf. for Western Europe u. a. Anselm Doering-Manteuffel , Lutz Raphael : After the boom. Perspectives on contemporary history since 1970 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2008 (3rd edition 2012).