1990s

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The  1990s  were (in common parlance) the tenth and final decade of the  20th century . Strictly speaking, the last decade of the 20th  century (and the second millennium ) began on January 1, 1991 and ended on December 31, 2000 . Socially, politically and culturally, however, the 1990s encompassed the decade from 1990 to 1999.

The 1990s were marked by a reorganization of the world after the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union with the United States as the only remaining superpower on earth. Major geopolitical developments were German reunification , the Second Gulf War and the Yugoslav Wars .

The foundations for significant social upheavals were laid by the advancing digital revolution in the form of increasing professional and private use of computers and mobile phones as well as the advent of the Internet (especially the World Wide Web and e-mail ).

Montage of important events of the 1990s

Events

Princess Diana is carried to the grave (1997)
The sheep Dolly was the first from adult cells cloned mammal (exhibited in the Royal Museum of Scotland )
Helmut Kohl as Federal Chancellor, 1987

Cultural history

eBay , founded in 1995

technology

Media in general

  • The Mehmet case about the deportation of an underage serial offender is a dominant media topic in 1998.
  • The faith movement Fiat Lux achieved a great media presence with its leader and self-proclaimed reincarnation Maria Magdalenas Uriella .
  • The media sludge battle before and during the divorce of Princess Diana and Prince Charles , the Lewinsky affair, explosive book publications with intimate details, but also the willingness in society to speak openly and unabashedly about private matters on television talk shows , call towards the end of the 1990s Years of taboo in parts of the media, which reached a climax in 2000 on the television program Big Brother .
  • The publication of the book Hitler's Willing Executioners (orig. Hitler's Willing Executioners ) by the American Daniel Goldhagen 1996 triggers an international historical debate on the perpetrators of the Holocaust from. In 1998 Martin Walser sparked the Walser- Bubis controversy with a speech in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt .

watch TV

Movie

Individual contributions

Individual contributions Germany

Oscar Winner (Best Picture)

Jonathan Demme , the director of "Silence of the Lambs"

Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival

music

literature

art

Sports

Fashion

  • The term girlie comes up as a term for young, stereotypically feminine dressed women. In music there are role models like the Spice Girls or Gwen Stefani ( Just a Girl ), in Germany Blümchen or Lucilectric (girls) .
  • In 1994 the last shoulder pads disappeared from the fashion world.
  • From around 1996, more body-hugging fashion is worn again.
  • The trend among young men is for wide baggy pants that come from hip-hop and skater cultures. Already at the beginning of the 1990s these can be discovered as a style component of American pop culture (for example in Kris Kross ' Jump 1992), but in the course of the 1990s they became more and more popular in Germany. See also: jeans
  • The Grunge - hype makes at the beginning of the decade, the lumberjack or flannel shirt popular, like also checkered.
  • The techno culture has a strong influence on fashion, such as with wide pants or garments in neon colors .
Plateaupantolette with cork and Wedge
  • From around the mid-1990s to around 2000, platform shoes came into fashion as the 1970s revival .
  • Up to and including 1993, long hair in girls and women was tamed with hairbands made of neon-colored terrycloth and velvet, as well as styled hairbands .
  • In the mid-1990s, the perm disappeared for good and suddenly among young audiences. The trigger for this is the hairstyle of Jennie Garth in the US television series Beverly Hills, 90210, which was popular from 1993 to 1995 .
  • Since the beginning of the 1990s, also through the grunge and metal scene , long hair has been in trend for men, especially among young people. At the end of the decade, this will ebb away again.
  • At the end of the 1990s, styled, dark-colored hair with blonde tips was popular with young men, but in some cases it was also completely bleached in punk rock or techno styles ( Scooter ). With women at this time, “multicolored strands” were very much in vogue, and as a gag a single strand of hair was pulled into the hair with a mostly blue mascara pen.
  • In 1998/1999 you can see zigzag center parting in bob hairstyles.
  • The very shrill make-up style of the techno and rave fans spills over into the rest of the fashion world, especially with white lipstick and artificial eyelashes.
  • Piercings and tattoos became socially acceptable from around the mid-1990s.

Others

Softboot inline skates
Go-go dancer on the pole
  • Inline skates replace roller skates .
  • As early as the early 1990s, various "exchanges" for exchanging and buying were very popular. Two examples are record fairs (records and CDs) and film exchanges (VHS, posters, merchandise). This trend reached its peak around 1997 and ebbed again noticeably in 1999, not least caused by Internet auction houses.
  • Surprise egg exchanges beat all records from 1997 onwards. Even their own books are published.
  • Visiting flea markets and selling things yourself is considered chic.
  • In 1994/95, instant coffee flavored with various flavors from Tchibo and Eduscho is brief among coffee lovers.
  • The Mediterranean island of Ibiza was discovered and besieged as a party island by techno and rave audiences from the mid-1990s.
  • Go-go dancers can be seen more and more often in discos .
  • Last-minute holidays in the Mediterranean region are considered a popular sport in 1996/1997. The travel companies undercut each other with bargains .
  • Triggered by the US TV series X-Files , a new belief in aliens and UFOs developed from 1995/1996 . There is also a wave of esotericism , which reaches its climax no later than 2000 with powerbeads and the like. Yogi tea is often served to their followers.
  • The tiger duck briefly became a cult object in Germany at the beginning of the decade.
  • The Diddl mouse adorns postcards, school bags and all kinds of merchandising items from around 1996 .
  • Tamagotchi becomes a fad in 1997.
  • The Internet auction house boom began to emerge towards the end of the decade.
  • Occurrence of the sponsored runs
  • The game The Settlers of Catan , which won the Game of the Year award and is still successful today , was launched in 1995.

Literature from the 1990s

  • Werner Faulstich (Ed.): The culture of the 90s , Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 2010.

Web links

Commons : 1990s  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Dream - Frank Farian: Hypes at Any Price ( Memento from February 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ^ Glossary - Napster. In: heise.de. Heise online , archived from the original on September 28, 2008 ; Retrieved September 7, 2012 .
  3. backTop page The Big Five in the digital valley of tears, FR from August 3, 2000 ( Memento from February 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  4. 1990s. Retrieved July 5, 2017 .
  5. 1990s special
  6. Stephan Kaiser: Swap instead of buy: Rediscover old ideas and use them skillfully . Books on Demand, 2014, ISBN 978-3-7357-5421-9 ( google.de [accessed October 9, 2019]).
  7. Ü-Ei FAQ | Item 32.Retrieved October 10, 2019 .
  8. Tamagotchi.de - Everything about Tamagotchis! Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
  9. Winner - SPIEL fair. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
  10. CATAN - The Game | Catan.de. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .