1990s

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The 1990s were (in common parlance) the tenth and final decade of the 20th century . Strictly speaking, the last decade of the 20th century (and the second millennium ) began on January 1, 1991 and ended on December 31, 2000 . Socially, politically and culturally, however, the 1990s encompassed the decade from 1990 to 1999.

The 1990s were marked by a reorganization of the world after the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union with the United States as the only remaining superpower on earth. Major geopolitical developments were German reunification , the Second Gulf War and the Yugoslav Wars .

The foundations for significant social upheavals were laid by the advancing digital revolution in the form of increasing professional and private use of computers and mobile phones as well as the advent of the Internet (especially the World Wide Web and e-mail ).

Events

Princess Diana is carried to the grave (1997)

Federal Chancellor Gerhard Schröder

The sheep Dolly was the first from adult cells cloned mammal (exhibited in the Royal Museum of Scotland )

Helmut Kohl as Federal Chancellor, 1987

1990 : Namibia becomes independent, the first president is Sam Nujoma ( SWAPO ).

1990: Entry into the Eastern Bloc countries without a visa .

1990: German reunification .

1990: A treaty in Taif in Saudi Arabia between the Lebanese ends the Lebanese civil war .

1990: The Green Dot as a label for recyclable packaging is introduced in Germany . The corresponding ordinance came into force in 1991.

1990: Within a year, both Wolfgang Schäuble and Oskar Lafontaine are assassinated, both of which are critically injured.

1991 : Second Gulf War : Iraq invades Kuwait ; Allied forces under the leadership of the USA liberate the Gulf state.

1991–1995: disintegration of Yugoslavia . Domestic political differences lead to declarations of independence by the republics of Slovenia , Croatia , Macedonia and Bosnia-Herzegovina : a series of Yugoslav wars breaks out.

1991: With the declaration of independence of the Baltic states the collapse of the Soviet Union is initiated. The dissolution of the " Eastern Bloc " continues after the failed August coup in Moscow . The CIS is founded. Boris Yeltsin becomes the first democratically elected President of Russia .

1992–1995: UNOSOM missions in Somalia ( UNOSOM I , UNOSOM II , Battle of Mogadishu on October 3, 1993 ).

1992: The Maastricht Treaty as the basis of the EU is signed. It comes into force on November 1, 1993.

1992: Bill Clinton is elected 42nd US President .

1992: Switzerland refuses to join the European Economic Area .

1993: Sales tax increase in Germany from 14% to 15%.

1993: Drug dealer Pablo Escobar is caught and dies.

1993 : Czechoslovakia dissolves. The successor states Slovakia (Slovak Republic) and the Czech Republic (Czech Republic) are created.

1993: In Germany only cars with built-in 3-way catalytic converters are allowed.

1993: Islamist terrorists carry out their first terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York .

1993: Germany receives the five-digit postcodes .

1993: The D-Mark notes are given a new series almost three years after reunification .

1993: Eritrea gains independence from Ethiopia .

1993: Battle of Mogadishu .

1994 : The genocide in Rwanda costs around 800,000 to 1,000,000 lives.

1994: From the German Federal Railways and the German Railway is through privatization under railway reform the German railway AG.

1994: With the arrest of Arno Funke alias Dagobert , the longest and most costly blackmail case in German criminal history ends.

1994: After the end of apartheid , Nelson Mandela is elected South Africa's first black president .

1994: The sinking of the Estonian Baltic Sea ferry Estonia on the way from Tallinn to Stockholm kills 852.

1995 : Oslo Peace Agreement between Israel and the PLO .

1995: 168 people die in the bomb attack on the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City .

1995: From the German Post Office is privatization the German Post AG . The German Telekom arises from the already outsourced Deutsche Bundespost Telekom .

1995: Sweden , Finland and Austria join the EU.

1995: Up to 8,000 Bosniaks are killed in the Srebrenica massacre .

1996 : Dolly the sheep , the first mammal in the world to be cloned from adult cells , is born.

1997 : Federal President Roman Herzog gives his well-known Berlin speech , in which he demands that there must be a "jolt" through Germany.

1997: Princess Diana dies in a car accident in a Paris road tunnel.

1998: Sales tax increase in Germany from 15% to 16%.

1998 : Change of government after the federal election . End of the 16-year Kohl era . The new Federal Chancellor is Gerhard Schröder .

1998: The so-called Lewinsky affair becomes known worldwide.

1998: Deutsche Telekom loses its monopoly on domestic and international calls.

1998: Construction of the International Space Station (ISS) begins.

1998: 101 people die in the railway accident in Eschede , 88 others are seriously injured.

1999 : Kosovo War . The NATO starts after unsuccessful negotiations air strikes on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .

1999: The Columbine High School rampage that kills 15 people causes a worldwide sensation.

1999: The election victory of the FPÖ with Jörg Haider as the new governor of Carinthia triggers international protests and fears that Austria will shift to the right.

1999: Introduction of the common European currency - but not in all European countries - euro (€) as book money .

1999: Boris Yeltsin resigns as President of Russia and hands over office to Vladimir Putin .

Cultural history

Helge Schneider

Tamagotchi

eBay , founded in 1995

Ass antlers

Love Parade 1995

With Generation X and Generation Golf certain are cohorts referred to some observers believe make out in the 1990s.
In the 1990s, are regarded by some observers 1970 - Retro waves diagnosed, both in fashion and in music ( grunge , pop ).

technology

Cell phones are widely used. From around 1997/1998 it became popular to communicate via SMS . Even fax devices are increasingly in demand - but already makes from mid-1990 E-mail the fax competition. Digital answering machines hit the market.

Direct injection diesel models are becoming popular in the automotive sector . Family-friendly vans are also becoming increasingly popular. More and more electronics are used: Park Distance Control , electronic chassis aids and CAN data buses.

The computerization that began in the 1980s is continuing: PCs are also becoming increasingly widespread in private households. The Microsoft Windows versions 3.0, 95 and 98 ensure a wide distribution of this operating system . The Unix derivative Linux will also attract public attention from the middle of the decade. Color monitors were considered the standard for computers. Office technology and IT skills are essential for office workers at the beginning of the decade. JAZ and Zip drives attempted to replace floppy disks with moderate success towards the end of the decade . The CD can establish itself as a mass storage medium in computers. CD burners will become commercially available and affordable by the end of the decade. In 1996 the DVD was introduced. Inkjet printers are becoming affordable and are increasingly replacing dot matrix printers in private households by the end of the decade .

The Internet is becoming popular through the World Wide Web . A modem can be used to dial into the Internet over the telephone line . At the end of the decade, the first "dedicated lines" came online. Internet cafés emerge.

Computer games are spreading and diversifying. Console games are becoming even more popular thanks to the PlayStation and Game Boy / Nintendo devices. The expression for this is the computer game character Lara Croft from the Tomb Raider game series , who became a virtual person in pop culture from the mid-1990s .

The Discman is increasingly replacing the Walkman .

Color copiers hit the market in the middle of the decade.

Energy-saving lamps will be used on a larger scale for the first time from the middle of the decade.

Media in general

The Mehmet case about the deportation of an underage serial offender is a dominant media topic in 1998.

The faith movement Fiat Lux achieved a great media presence with its leader and self-proclaimed reincarnation Maria Magdalenas Uriella .

The media sludge battle before and during the divorce of Princess Diana and Prince Charles , the Lewinsky affair, explosive book publications with intimate details, but also the willingness in society to speak openly and unabashedly about private matters on television talk shows , call towards the end of the 1990s Years of taboo in parts of the media, which reached a climax in 2000 on the television program Big Brother .

The publication of the book Hitler's Willing Executioners (orig. Hitler's Willing Executioners ) by the American Daniel Goldhagen 1996 triggers an international historical debate on the perpetrators of the Holocaust from. In 1998 Martin Walser sparked the Walser- Bubis controversy with a speech in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt .

watch TV

Television is increasingly differentiating itself into special- interest programs : There are the first television stations in Germany that, like Nickelodeon , Super RTL and KiKA, broadcast programs exclusively or mostly for children. But also sports channels ( DSF , 1993), music channels ( VIVA , 1993, VH-1 , 1995, MTV Germany 1997) and cultural channels ( Arte , 1992) emerge.

The teleshopping channels HOT (1995, today: HSE24 ) and QVC (1996) go on air in Germany.

Sat.1 broadcasts The Harald Schmidt Show - the first successful German-language late-night show based on the American model. Formats such as Schmidtanders with Harald Schmidt and Herbert Feuerstein are also developed based on the American model.

With TV Munich , TV Berlin , Hamburg 1 and B.TV , regional private television stations will be established from the middle of the decade.

The pay TV comes on.

Satellite television is gaining ground across Europe.

The typical American talk show format reaches Germany's private broadcasters . The first daily talk show of this kind is presented by Hans Meiser . Even Oliver goats , Vera Int-Veen , Jörg Pilawa and Peter Imhof be acquainted with these formats.

Anime became popular in Germany with Mila Superstar , Sailor Moon and Ghost in the Shell , as well as later with Dragon Ball , Pokémon and Digimon .

So-called trend magazines are started by private broadcasters, examples are Liebe Sünde ( VOX , ProSieben ), SAM (ProSieben) or nudes - reporters uncover ( Sat.1 ).

Tutti Frutti as the first erotic TV show on German television makes headlines.

RTL Saturday Night makes some comedians known, u. a. Olli Dittrich and Wigald Boning . Other popular comedy formats that help well-known comedians and actors make their breakthrough are the weekly show , which u. a. Anke Engelke , Bastian Pastewka , Markus Maria Profitlich and Annette Frier , and the Bullyparade , whichhelpsthe three main actors Michael "Bully" Herbig , Christian Tramitz and Rick Kavanain to achieve successful careers.

Ever established stand-up comedy in Germany in the 1990s, thanks to the Quatsch Comedy Club by Thomas Hermanns .

After the good times, the bad times , soap operas take hold on television.

Well-known TV series are (selection): Seinfeld , The Prince of Bel-Air , The Simpsons , Golden Girls , The Nanny , Beverly Hills, 90210 , Baywatch - The Lifeguards of Malibu , Walker, Texas Ranger , Roseanne , Cybill , Sabrina - Totally Bewitched ! , The X-Files - The FBI's Scary Cases , A Terribly Nice Family , The Commissioner , Ally McBeal , Spaceship Enterprise - The Next Century (in Germany), Deep Space Nine , Spaceship Voyager , Twin Peaks , Friends .

At the end of the decade, Takeshi's Castle also enjoyed large following on German private television.

The Austrian comedy series Tohuwabohu caused a stir in German-speaking television with its wacky humor, especially at the beginning of the decade.

Movie

Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction wins the Golden Palm in 1994

Individual contributions

Individual contributions Germany

Oscar Winner (Best Picture)

1990: Miss Daisy and her chauffeur
1991: Dances with wolves

Jonathan Demme , the director of "Silence of the Lambs"

Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival

1990: Wild at Heart
1991: Barton Fink
1992: The best of intentions
1993: Farewell, my concubine and Das Piano
1994: Pulp Fiction
1995: Underground
1996: lies and secrets
1997: The taste of the cherry and the eel
1998: Eternity and a day
1999: Rosetta

music

Eric Clapton

Metallica

Kurt Cobain

Major styles of music include hip-hop , R&B , Eurodance , techno , trance , house , rave , jungle , drum and bass and trip-hop .

The music world is increasingly influenced by television and, from the end of the decade, also by the Internet. Music television experienced the peak of its popularity in the 1990s. a. With the appearance of the first German music channel VIVA in 1993 and the soon-to-follow branch VIVA Zwei in 1995 and 1997, the establishment of MTV Germany (the German and, for the first time, German-language branch of MTV , after only the English-language MTV Europe existed in Europe ) is noticeable. At the same time, however, music television is quickly facing competition from the emerging Internet, which will gradually lead to a loss of importance from the end of the decade.

In general, the different varieties of indie rock or alternative are on the upswing. Originated among other things from the British Independent of the 1980s, but geared more towards mass appeal, Britpop around bands like Oasis and Blur became popular in the early 1990s and hit the charts. Towards the end of the 1990s, a second wave of Britpop emerged around bands like Radiohead , The Verve , Coldplay , Muse and Travis , who were also very successful.

In hard rock, Guns N 'Roses were dominant at the beginning of the decade , before hard and glam rock became less important with the appearance of grunge in 1991, which was not spared from Guns N' Roses.

In the metal sector, Metallica reaches a wider audience for the first time with the self-titled album. In the harder segment of Death Metal , in addition to the emerging Gothic Metal , the Swedish scene around Gothenburg bands such as In Flames experienced an upswing at the beginning of the decade , towards the end of the 90s the development here tended towards Black Metal , which was strongly influenced and further developed by Norwegian bands becomes. More suitable for the masses and more commercially successful, however, is the nu-metal area that emerged towards the end of the decade around bands such as Korn , Limp Bizkit , Linkin Park , System of a Down , POD and Slipknot . Last but not least, crossover bands like Rage Against the Machine have paved the way for this since the beginning of the decade.

Boy bands are becoming more popular than ever before. Since the late 1980s there has been a development in pop music towards often assembled groups that work with synchronous dance performances. This includes groups like the New Edition , New Kids on the Block or Bros , who are pioneers in this development. Commercially, Boyz II Men , Boyzone , TLC , Take That , Destiny's Child , Backstreet Boys , En Vogue , * NSYNC , Salt 'n' Pepa , Westlife and the Spice Girls are some of the most successful boy and girl groups since the 1990s. The scandal surrounding the Milli Vanilli group in 1990 illustrates the risks of such artificially assembled groups - however, Frank Farian had already done something similar with Boney M. in the 1970s . Later in the 1990s there were boy bands like Echt who also played instruments.

The Kelly Family are successful in the field of pop and folk music in German-speaking countries . The nine siblings achieved a great success in 1994 with the single An Angel (album: Over the Hump ). For years the Irish family ranks first in the second half of the decade. a. German and Austrian hit parades.

A boom in popular hits can also be seen in German-speaking countries .

It comes in Germany to a hit - Revival , including by Guildo Horn , of Germany at the 1998 Euro Vision Song Contest represents and Dieter Thomas Kuhn .

Millions of partygoers visit techno parades such as the Berlin Love Parade or the Zurich Street Parade .

While electronic dance music and its varieties such as techno , house and trance are becoming a mass phenomenon, more unconventional artists such as The Prodigy , Faithless , Aphex Twin and Daft Punk are also establishing themselves in this area , who stand out from the mainstream with sophisticated compositions.

Music festivals, especially in the pop, rock and metal sectors, are being founded or are reporting record attendance, examples of larger, newly established festivals are Hurricane Festival , Wacken Open Air , Rock im Park and With Full Force , but also Lollapalooza in the USA. The Bizarre Festival , Rock am Ring and abroad such as the Roskilde Festival in Denmark or the Dynamo Open Air in the Netherlands are also experiencing a boom .

Helge Schneider is u. a. by appearing at Wetten, dass ..? Known to an audience of millions in Germany, his type of humor in music, film and on stage has many fans, but also critics.

At the beginning of the 1990s, grunge , which emerged as an underground scene in Seattle , USA in the late eighties , increasingly determined commercial rock music. Above all, Nirvana and Pearl Jam became known worldwide, but Alice in Chains , the Stone Temple Pilots and Soundgarden also climbed to the top of the charts in the period that followed. In 1994, Kurt Cobain , singer of Nirvana, committed suicide, which symbolically marked the end of the first grunge boom. In the second half of the 1990s, the importance of the first generation of grunge bands declined, but a second generation of grunge bands established themselves under the term post-grunge . Notable representatives are Bush , the Foo Fighters and Matchbox Twenty .

In addition to grunge, the related alternative rock , which is more strongly rooted in indie rock and new wave, is enjoying a surge in popularity. Its most important representatives during the 1990s include the Smashing Pumpkins , Placebo , Garbage , The Cranberries , The Cardigans , Alanis Morissette and Beck . The REM , which was released in the 1980s and is one of the forefathers of alternative rock, continues to be very successful.

Hip-hop is becoming a worldwide phenomenon and is increasingly reaching the global charts. Was previously the rooted in New York East Coast hip hop dominant, which was based in Los Angeles wins in the 1990 West Coast hip hop importance. An influential scene around Eminem and D12 can also establish itself in Detroit . Notable American artists during the 1990s include Snoop Dogg , Wu-Tang Clan , 2Pac, and Dr. Dre . Lively local scenes are also emerging in many countries around the world, including Germany . The pioneers of German / German-speaking hip-hop are primarily Die Fantastischen Vier and Advanced Chemistry , later also groups from Hamburg such as Fettes Brot , Beginner and Fünf Sterne Deluxe . An important scene is also being created in Frankfurt through Moses Pelham and Sabrina Setlur , among others . Characteristics of many German rappers are a happier, more pop-oriented sound and looser lyrics that use humor and irony as stylistic devices much more often than the harder, more serious, gangster rap-influenced US hip-hop.

1990 takes place in Berlin , the largest rock concert since the opening of the wall instead: Roger Waters - The Wall .

In 1991 Freddie Mercury of the band Queen died of AIDS . Numerous rock and pop musicians paid tribute to him in 1992 with the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert in London's Wembley Stadium, which was broadcast worldwide .

In 1992 Eric Clapton released his album Unplugged , which included songs like Tears in Heaven and an acoustic version of Layla , which had a significant impact on music history. The album has sold 24 million copies since then and won three Grammy Awards in 1993 . Clapton revolutionized the use of the acoustic guitar .

In 1994, Eurodance (then known as the dance floor ) , which emerged in the early 1990s, reached its climax and largely dominated the German charts. Typical features are rap verses paired with catchy song lyrics and melodies. Well-known artists are u. a. Snap! , Captain Hollywood Project , DJ BoBo and La Bouche .

In 1995 the rise of the group Tic Tac Toe began with provocative lyrics and German hip-hop . Just two years later, the band split up for the first time during a spectacularly staged press conference.

In the mid-1990s, the USA in particular experienced a pop-punk wave around bands like Green Day and The Offspring .

In 1996 Tupac Shakur was shot dead.

In 1997 The Notorious BIG is shot dead.

In 1997, the INXS front man Michael Hutchence committed suicide.

In 1998 the Austrian pop artist Falco died in a car accident in the Dominican Republic .

Also in 1998, Rob Pilatus (Milli Vanilli) committed suicide in a hotel room in Frankfurt am Main .

In 1998, the music exchange is Napster is the first peer-to-peer - file sharing network known. There are discussions and legal disputes with the music industry and some artists who see their copyrights infringed. Other musicians support the principle in principle or use it to become known.

Latin American music found its way into pop culture outside of the Spanish-speaking world in the late 1990s as Latin Pop with popular artists such as Gloria Estefan , Ricky Martin , Jennifer Lopez and others. Are also popular summer hits like Macarena by Los del Rio (1996) and Mambo No. 5 by Lou Bega (1999).

At the end of the 1990s post-rock experienced a worldwide surge in popularity through bands like Mogwai and Sigur Ros .

literature

In the 1990s, the term pop literature experienced a renaissance: in particular, the works of Benjamin von Stuckrad-Barre , Christian Kracht , Elke Naters and Alexa Hennig von Lange were subsumed under it in the feature pages.

Social beat or poetry slam can be viewed as further forms of pop culture genres . The latter was created in the USA in the 1980s. In 1995 the first poetry slam took place in Düsseldorf.

Francis Fukuyama published his thesis on the end of history in 1992 .

The American political scientist Samuel P. Huntington publishes his study Clash of Civilizations , the title of which is quickly becoming a political catchphrase .

In his works from the 1990s, Günter Grass deals with the history of Germans in the focus of reunification ( Ein weites Feld , 1995) and the 20th century as a whole ( Mein Jahrhundert , 1999).

The television program The Literary Quartet (1988–2001), of which Marcel Reich-Ranicki , Hellmuth Karasek and Sigrid Löffler were permanent members at the time , shaped the German literary scene.

art

1992: Documenta IX
1997: Art exhibition Sensation of the YBAs .
1997: Documenta X

Sports

1992 Winter Olympics logo

XVI. 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville ; February 8, 1992 to February 23, 1992

XXV. Olympic Summer Games in Barcelona 1992; July 25, 1992 to August 9, 1992

XVII. Olympic Winter Games in Lillehammer 1994; February 12, 1994 to February 27, 1994

XXVI. Summer Olympics in Atlanta 1996; July 19, 1996 to August 4, 1996

XVIII. Olympic Winter Games in Nagano 1998; February 7, 1998 to February 22, 1998

At the soccer World Cup in Italy in 1990 , the German national soccer team with trainer Franz Beckenbauer became world champions for the third time in their history.

The 1994 World Cup will take place in the USA for the first time . The Brazilian team won the fourth title for the country.

In the 1998 FIFA World Cup is France the organizing country. The Equipe Tricolore can also win the World Cup for the first time.

In 1991, a women's soccer world championship was held for the first time in China . After four years each, Sweden in 1995 and the USA in 1999 are the organizers.

In tennis is Pete Sampras one of the major players. Six times, from 1993 to 1998, he took first place in the world rankings at the end of the season.

In 1994, German racing driver Michael Schumacher achieved his first of seven Formula 1 drivers' championships in Adelaide ( Australia ) in the last race of the season on November 13th. After an accident with his rival Damon Hill (Williams-Renault) on lap 36, in which both drivers had to end the race prematurely, the German secured the title in the Benetton-Ford with only one point ahead of Hill.

In 1994, three-time Brazilian Formula 1 world champion Ayrton Senna died on May 1st during the San Marino Grand Prix in Imola after a serious accident. The day before, the Austrian racing driver Roland Ratzenberger had a fatal accident there .

In 1996 the Austrian professional bodybuilder Andreas Münzer died of multiple organ failure.

At the beginning of the 1990s a new "box boom" emerged, u. a. by henry mask .

Jan Ullrich wins the Tour de France in 1997 and thus ensures increasing interest in cycling in Germany. At the same time, however, sport is repeatedly overshadowed by doping affairs. The 1998 Tour de France was shaken by the Festina scandal , Jan Ullrich later became part of the Fuentes doping scandal , and Lance Armstrong , who won the Tour de France for the first time in 1999 , was later also proven doping, which led to his Tour de France title being withdrawn Lifelong suspension by the UCI .

Former athletics star Florence Griffith-Joyner dies on September 21, 1998 at the age of 38 from an epileptic fit while sleeping.

Basketball and as a result of the related streetball gain in popularity worldwide especially among young people in the 1990s, largely due to superstar Michael Jordan and his winning streak with the Chicago Bulls and his appearance with the " Dream Team " at the 1992 Olympic Games the surprising win of the European basketball championship in 1993 and the appearance of Dirk Nowitzki for growing interest in this sport.

Fashion

The term girlie comes up as a term for young, stereotypically feminine dressed women. In music there are role models like the Spice Girls or Gwen Stefani ( Just a Girl ), in Germany Blümchen or Lucilectric (girls) .
In 1994 the last shoulder pads disappeared from the fashion world.
From around 1996, more body-hugging fashion is worn again.
The trend among young men is for wide baggy pants that come from hip-hop and skater cultures. Already at the beginning of the 1990s these can be discovered as a style component of American pop culture (for example in Kris Kross ' Jump 1992), but in the course of the 1990s they became more and more popular in Germany. See also: jeans
The Grunge - hype makes at the beginning of the decade, the lumberjack or flannel shirt popular, like also checkered.
The techno culture has a strong influence on fashion, such as with wide pants or garments in neon colors .

Plateaupantolette with cork and Wedge

From around the mid-1990s to around 2000, platform shoes came into fashion as the 1970s revival .

Up to and including 1993, long hair in girls and women was tamed with hairbands made of neon-colored terrycloth and velvet, as well as styled hairbands .

In the mid-1990s, the perm disappeared for good and suddenly among young audiences. The trigger for this is the hairstyle of Jennie Garth in the US television series Beverly Hills, 90210, which was popular from 1993 to 1995 .

Since the beginning of the 1990s, also through the grunge and metal scene , long hair has been in trend for men, especially among young people. At the end of the decade, this will ebb away again.

At the end of the 1990s, styled, dark-colored hair with blonde tips was popular with young men, but in some cases it was also completely bleached in punk rock or techno styles ( Scooter ). With women at this time, “multicolored strands” were very much in vogue, and as a gag a single strand of hair was pulled into the hair with a mostly blue mascara pen.

In 1998/1999 you can see zigzag center parting in bob hairstyles.

The very shrill make-up style of the techno and rave fans spills over into the rest of the fashion world, especially with white lipstick and artificial eyelashes.

Piercings and tattoos became socially acceptable from around the mid-1990s.

Others

Softboot inline skates

Go-go dancer on the pole

Inline skates replace roller skates .

As early as the early 1990s, various "exchanges" for exchanging and buying were very popular. Two examples are record fairs (records and CDs) and film exchanges (VHS, posters, merchandise). This trend reached its peak around 1997 and ebbed again noticeably in 1999, not least caused by Internet auction houses.

Surprise egg exchanges beat all records from 1997 onwards. Even their own books are published.

Visiting flea markets and selling things yourself is considered chic.

In 1994/95, instant coffee flavored with various flavors from Tchibo and Eduscho is brief among coffee lovers.

The Mediterranean island of Ibiza was discovered and besieged as a party island by techno and rave audiences from the mid-1990s.

Go-go dancers can be seen more and more often in discos .

Last-minute holidays in the Mediterranean region are considered a popular sport in 1996/1997. The travel companies undercut each other with bargains .

Triggered by the US TV series X-Files , a new belief in aliens and UFOs developed from 1995/1996 . There is also a wave of esotericism , which reaches its climax no later than 2000 with powerbeads and the like. Yogi tea is often served to their followers.

The tiger duck briefly became a cult object in Germany at the beginning of the decade.

The Diddl mouse adorns postcards, school bags and all kinds of merchandising items from around 1996 .

Tamagotchi becomes a fad in 1997.

The Internet auction house boom began to emerge towards the end of the decade.

Occurrence of the sponsored runs

The game The Settlers of Catan , which won the Game of the Year award and is still successful today , was launched in 1995.

Literature from the 1990s

Werner Faulstich (Ed.): The culture of the 90s , Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 2010.

Web links

Commons : 1990s - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Dream - Frank Farian: Hypes at Any Price ( Memento from February 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
^ Glossary - Napster. In: heise.de. Heise online , archived from the original on September 28, 2008 ; Retrieved September 7, 2012 .
↑ backTop page The Big Five in the digital valley of tears, FR from August 3, 2000 ( Memento from February 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
↑ 1990s. Retrieved July 5, 2017 .
↑ 1990s special
↑ Stephan Kaiser: Swap instead of buy: Rediscover old ideas and use them skillfully . Books on Demand, 2014, ISBN 978-3-7357-5421-9 ( google.de [accessed October 9, 2019]).
↑ Ü-Ei FAQ | Item 32.Retrieved October 10, 2019 .
↑ Tamagotchi.de - Everything about Tamagotchis! Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
↑ Winner - SPIEL fair. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
↑ CATAN - The Game | Catan.de. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .

[1] Dream - Frank Farian: Hypes at Any Price ( Memento from February 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )

[2] Glossary - Napster. In: heise.de. Heise online , archived from the original on September 28, 2008 ; Retrieved September 7, 2012 .

[3] Top page The Big Five in the digital valley of tears, FR from August 3, 2000 ( Memento from February 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )

[4] 1990s. Retrieved July 5, 2017 .

[5] 1990s special

[6] Stephan Kaiser: Swap instead of buy: Rediscover old ideas and use them skillfully . Books on Demand, 2014, ISBN 978-3-7357-5421-9 ( google.de [accessed October 9, 2019]).

[7] Ü-Ei FAQ | Item 32.Retrieved October 10, 2019 .

[8] Tamagotchi.de - Everything about Tamagotchis! Retrieved October 9, 2019 .

[9] Winner - SPIEL fair. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .

[10] CATAN - The Game | Catan.de. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .