1991

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1991
Second Gulf War Second Gulf War
August coup in Moscow
August coup in Moscow
Richard von Weizsäcker appoints Helmut Kohl as Federal Chancellor
Richard von Weizsäcker appoints Helmut Kohl as Federal Chancellor on January 17th .

In 1991 the Second Gulf War , the wars in the former Yugoslavia and the final dissolution of the Soviet Union determined world affairs. After the August coup in Moscow, numerous Union republics declared their independence (list here ). Since then there have been numerous post-Soviet states ; the largest of them is Russia .

1991 in other calendars
From urbe condita 2744
Armenian calendar 1439-1440
Ethiopian calendar 1983-1984
Badi calendar 147-148
Bengali calendar 1397-1398
Berber calendar 2941
Buddhist calendar 2535
Burmese calendar 1353
Byzantine calendar 7499-7500
Chinese calendar
 - era 4687-4688 or
4627-4628
 - 60 year cycle

Metal horse (庚午, 7) -
metal sheep (辛未, 8)

French
revolution calendar
CXCIX - CC
199-200
Hindu calendar
 - Vikram Sambat 2047-2048
 - Shaka Samvat 1913-1914
Iranian calendar 1369-1370
Islamic calendar 1411-1412
Japanese calendar
 - Nengō (era): Heisei 3
 - Kōki 2651
Jewish calendar 5751-5752
Coptic Calendar 1707-1708
Korean calendar
 - Dangun era 4324
 - Juche era 80
Minguo calendar 80
Modern Olympics XXIV
Seleucid calendar 2302-2303
Thai solar calendar 2534

Annual dedications

events

Politics and world events

January

February

Division of the Timor Trench

March

April

State ceremony on April 10th for the murdered Detlev Karsten Rohwedder
  • April 1: The chairman of the trust agency Detlev Karsten Rohwedder is murdered in his apartment, the RAF confesses to the act
  • April 3: Armistice resolution. Contains the obligation to dispose of all weapons of mass destruction and missiles over 150 km range in Iraq
  • April 9: Georgia . Second declaration of independence
  • April 22nd: An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.5 renders the port of Puerto Limón in Costa Rica impassable for shipping, damage to the entire Atlantic coast, from Bocas del Toro ( Panama ) to the Turrialba volcano , 47 dead
  • April 29: First constitutional law in Albania

May

June

Postage stamp of the Deutsche Bundespost for the opening of the high-speed rail service

July

  • July 1: Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact
  • July 1st: Sweden applies for membership in the EU
  • July 7th: Brioni Agreement - Temporary suspension of Croatian and Slovenian independence for three months.
  • July 12th: Mauritania gets a new constitution
  • July 17th: Bulgaria : The new constitution comes into force
  • July 31: Signing of the START contract

August

The rubble of the Radio Warsaw transmitter mast

September

EFTA logo

October

Tuvalu coat of arms

November

KGB headquarters
  • November 6th: The Soviet secret service KGB is disbanded because of its involvement in the August coup in Moscow . Its tasks will be transferred to the new authorities FSB and Slushba vneschnei raswedki .
  • November 12th: Over 270 people die in the Santa Cruz massacre in East Timor, many disappear without a trace
  • November 17th: New constitution in Macedonia
  • November 21: Joint declaration by the German Chancellor Helmut Kohl and the Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev
  • November 26: The United States surrenders its Clark Air Base military base on the island of Luzon to the Philippines . The Philippine Senate had previously rejected an extension of the agreement with the United States.

December

  • December 1: In Frankfurt am Main , the municipal foreigners' representation (KAV) is elected for the first time .
  • December 1: In a referendum , voters in Ukraine confirm with a large majority that the state has already declared independence from the Soviet Union .
  • December 3: The General Assembly of the United Nations elects the Egyptian Boutros Boutros-Ghali as the new Secretary General as the first representative of an African nation . He takes office on January 1, 1992, succeeding the Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar .
  • December 4th: Introduction of the multiparty system in the Seychelles
  • December 8th: Russia, Ukraine and Belarus , the last remaining states in the Soviet Union, decide to dissolve them and to found the Commonwealth of Independent States
  • December 9th: European Council reaches agreement in Maastricht on draft treaty on EU
  • December 10: Referendum on independence from Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh
  • December 12: The Russian SFSR leaves the Soviet Union
  • December 14th: Berlin. The first Mayday event takes place
  • December 16: Kazakhstan becomes independent
  • December 16: Hungary signs the Association Agreement with the EU
  • December 16: The controversial resolution 3379 of the UN General Assembly of November 10, 1975, which among other things classifies Zionism as a form of racism , is withdrawn after another vote.
  • December 21: The following countries join the CIS : Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan
  • December 21: In Taiwan, Republic of China, the ruling Kuomintang wins the National Assembly election with a three-quarters majority.
  • December 22: Kyrgyzstan joins the CIS
  • December 23: Guinea adopts a new constitution
  • December 23: Germany recognizes Croatia's independence from Yugoslavia
  • December 23: New, democratic constitution in Slovenia
  • December 24th: Burkina Faso . Blaise Compaoré is elected President
  • December 24: Russia gets a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council
  • December 25: Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as President of the Soviet Union
  • December 25th: Georgia becomes independent as a result of the dissolution of the Soviet Union
  • December 26: The Supreme Soviet meets and resolves to dissolve the Soviet Union, whose legal successor is the Russian Federation
  • December 31: The Soviet Union officially ceases to exist
  • December 31: Last day of broadcasting of German television , the former GDR television
  • December 31: Germany recognizes Kazakhstan
  • The Switzerland becomes the first country in the world a nationwide system for the recycling of electronic waste a

business

BBC World News logo

science and technology

Compton Gamma Ray Observatory

society

Logo of the sisters from 1999

Culture

See also: #Music

Street facade and entrance area of ​​the KunstHausWien

Sports

For entries of athletics world records, see the respective discipline under athletics .

Disasters

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Born

January

Davide Santon (2009)

February

Elena Curtoni (2010)
Emma Roberts

March

Kofi Danning (2008)
Hayley McFarland (2011)

April

Jamie Lynn Spears
Alexandra Popp
Carter Cruise

May

Inka Wesely
Lena Meyer-Landrut
Gene Shinozaki

June

Maciej Kot (2007)

July

Jason Dolley
Mitchel Musso
Alexandra Shipp

August

September

Kelsey Chow

October

Gabriella Cilmi

November

Matt Bennett
Niclas Dombrowski

December

Day unknown

Died

This is a list of the most important people who passed away in 1991. For a more detailed list see Nekrolog 1991 .

January

Heinrich Dathe with collar bear (1961)
Olav V., 1957
  • January 17th: Olav V , King of Norway (* 1903)
  • January 17th: Giacomo Manzù , Italian sculptor, graphic artist and draftsman (* 1908)
  • January 19: Jean Mantelet , entrepreneur (* 1900)
  • January 22nd: Kenos Aroi , Nauruan politician and President of the Republic of Nauru (* 1942)
  • January 22nd: Robert Choquette , Canadian writer and diplomat (* 1905)
  • January 22nd: Karl Hofacker , Swiss civil engineer and university professor (* 1897)
  • January 24th: Karl Mark , Austrian politician and member of the National Council (* 1900)
  • January 25: Kurahara Korehito , Japanese literary critic (* 1902)
  • January 25: Frank Soo , English soccer player, sometimes referred to as the first non-white English national player (* 1914)
  • January 27: Hans Bertram , German record producer (* 1915)
  • January 28: Red Grange , American football player (born 1903)
  • January 28: Kurt Sowinetz , Austrian actor (* 1928)
  • January 29: Bruno Marek , Mayor of Vienna (* 1900)
  • January 29: Inoue Yasushi , Japanese writer (* 1907)
  • January 30: Kurt Bittel , German archaeologist (* 1907)
John Bardeen , 1956

February

Salvador Luria (1969)

March

Serge Gainsbourg

April

Max Frisch on the 20 franc - commemorative coin of Switzerland 2011

May

Rajiv Gandhi , 1989
Stepanka Vokralova and Sergiu Samarian at the women's zone tournament 1985 in Bad Lauterberg

June

Heidi Brühl , 1959

July

Michael Landon (1990)

August

Shapur Bakhtiar

September

Frank Capra , ca.1943
Miles Davis , 1989
  • September 28: Miles Davis , American jazz musician (trumpet) (* 1926)

October

Roy Black (1989)

November

  • 0November 2: Heinrich Drimmel , Austrian politician and lawyer (* 1912)
  • 0November 2: Hans Linser , Austrian agricultural chemist (* 1907)
  • 0November 2: Mort Shuman , American songwriter and singer (* 1938)
  • 0November 4: Gerald Donald Aurbach , American physiologist and endocrinologist (* 1927)
  • 0November 5: Guy Lapchin , French racing car driver (* 1903)
  • 0November 5: Robert Maxwell , British newspaper magnate (* 1923)
  • 0November 6th: Theodor Siers , German chess composer and author (* 1910)
  • 0November 7th: Günter Schmölders , economist (* 1903)
  • 0November 7th: Günther Nollau , German President of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (* 1911)
  • 0November 8: Kurt Brand , German science fiction writer (* 1917)
  • 0November 8: John Jahr senior , German publisher (* 1900)
  • 0November 8: Charlotte Moorman , American musician (* 1933)
  • 0November 9: Yves Montand , French chansonnier and actor (* 1921)
  • November 10: Erwin Levy , German psychologist (* 1907)
  • November 11th: Franziska Bilek , German draftsman and caricaturist (* 1906)
  • November 12: Kamal Bamadhaj , Malaysian-New Zealand human rights activist (* 1970)
  • November 13: Walter Ulbrich , German television and film producer (* 1910)
  • November 14th: Tony Richardson , English director (born 1928)
  • November 17th: Adrian Quist , Australian tennis player (* 1913)
  • November 17th: Maurice Banach , German soccer player (* 1967)
  • November 18: Gustáv Husák , Slovak politician and President (* 1913)
  • November 20: Helga Hahnemann , German entertainer, cabaret artist and actress (* 1937)
  • November 21: Daniel Mann , American director (* 1912)
  • November 23: Hans Bausch , German journalist, SDR director v. 1958–1989 (* 1921)
Klaus Kinski , 1988
  • November 23: Klaus Kinski , German actor (* 1926)
  • November 24th: Eric Carr , American musician and drummer (born 1950)
  • November 24th: Freddie Mercury , British rock singer (born 1946)
  • November 26th: Heinz Marten , German oratorio tenors and lieder singer (* 1908)
  • November 27: Vilém Flusser , communication and media philosopher (* 1920)
  • November 29: Ralph Bellamy , American actor (born 1904)
  • 000November: Heinz Bonn , German soccer player (* 1947)

December

Berenice Abbott (1979)

Day unknown

Nobel Prizes

music

See also: 1991 number one hits in Australia , Belgium , Denmark , Germany , Finland , France , Ireland , Italy , Japan , Canada , New Zealand , the Netherlands , Norway , Austria , Sweden , Switzerland , Spain , Hungary , the United States and the United Kingdom .

See also: Category: Music 1991

Band foundings

Album releases

Web links

Commons : 1991  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Barricades for Freedom. Moskauer Deutsche Zeitung , January 20, 2006, accessed December 18, 2015 .
  2. ^ "Reform without solidarity" , Die Zeit , October 18, 1991.
  3. Ivo Mijnssen: The displaced act of liberation. The Belowesch Agreement gave the Soviet Union the fatal blow a quarter of a century ago. In a hunting seat in the jungle, the three Slavic brother countries agreed on a peaceful separation. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung of December 8, 2016, p. 4.
  4. Linux (kernel) # version history .