cyclone

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Cyclone off the Indian coast

As cyclone ( [Tsyklon] ; from Greek κυκλῶν kyklōn , German , rotating ' ) are in the meteorology which tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean ( Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea ) and in the South Pacific called. The violent hurricanes that occur in the Indian Ocean south of the equator in the area of Mauritius , La Réunion , Madagascar and the African east coast as well as in the Australian region are called cyclones. In Australia and Indonesia the cyclones are traditionally also called "Willy-Willy". Were also referred to as a cyclone hitherto rarely incurred tropical cyclones in the South Atlantic , if they wind speeds at hurricane strength achieved.

Areas of formation of cyclones

Cyclones have three main areas of origin. In the northern Indian Ocean (in short: Indic) they arise mainly in the period before and after the summer monsoon , in the months of May and June as well as October and November, either in the Arabian Sea or the Bay of Bengal . In the Indian Ocean south of the equator , cyclones occur during the summer months in the southern hemisphere . These cyclones endanger Mauritius , La Réunion , Madagascar and the African east coast in particular . Tropical cyclones also form in the waters around Australia between November and April . These arise mainly in the Arafura Sea and particularly endanger the Northern Territory and the north of Western Australia as well as in the Coral Sea . They either migrate west to the Queensland coast or southeast, where they endanger the island states of the southern Pacific.

Northern Ind

The main danger posed by tropical cyclones in the North Indies arises in the low coastal areas of East India, Bangladesh and Myanmar due to the waves, which are sometimes more than ten meters high. In addition, there are floods due to the often very high amounts of precipitation that a tropical cyclone brings with it. The cyclone in East Pakistan in 1970 , which killed 300,000 to 500,000 people, is considered to be the most momentous cyclone . One of the heaviest cyclones in recent years hit on 29./30. October 1999 with wind speeds over 260 km / h on the mainland of East India. Over 50 ships sank in the port of Paradeep (one of the main sea ports of the Indian state of Odisha ); over 10,000 people died.

Among the significant cyclones in the Northern Indic are:

  • nameless cyclone from 1970 (November 7-13, 1970, East Pakistan, between 300,000 and 500,000 fatalities)
  • nameless cyclone from 1977 (November 14-20, 1977, East India, around 10,000 fatalities)
  • nameless cyclone from 1991 (April 22-30, 1991, Bangladesh, over 138,000 fatalities)
  • nameless cyclone from 1996 (1-7 November 1996, East India and Bangladesh, 621 fatalities)
  • nameless cyclone from 1998 (June 1-9, 1998, India, over 3000 fatalities)
  • nameless cyclone from 1999 (October 25 - November 3, 1999, East India, over 10,000 fatalities)
  • Cyclone Sidr (November 11-16 , 2007, Bangladesh, min. 3447 fatalities)
  • Cyclone Nargis (April 27 - May 3, 2008, Myanmar, around 130,000 fatalities)
  • Cyclone Winston (February 21, 2016)
  • Cyclone Roanu (May 17-21, 2016, Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh)
  • Cyclone Ockhi ((from) December 1, 2017, Sri Lanka, India, 16 dead on day 1)

Southwest Indic

In the south-west of the Indies, cyclones lead to landslides and flash floods , especially due to heavy, continuous uphill rain in the rugged mountains of Réunion and Madagascar.

Significant cyclones in the south-west of India were

Waters around Australia

South Pacific

In the southern Pacific, there is a risk mainly due to the often low altitude that is reached by the islands of Oceania .

  • Cyclone Pam (around March 2015, Vanuatu )
  • Cyclone Winston Category 5, peaks up to 300 km / h (February 20, 2016, Fiji Islands ) Thousands of houses and some bridges were destroyed or damaged, the New Zealand Air Force reported after overflights. Most of the hotel complexes were not badly damaged. “Electricity was restored in parts of the main islands, but many […] islands […] were cut off from the outside world. [...] Paths buried by landslides. ”21 dead, according to the news portal FijiVillage.

Others

The names for a tropical cyclone in the Indian Ocean ( the cyclone , Pl. The cyclones ) and a low pressure area in general ( the cyclones , Pl. The cyclones ) are often confused.

Around 1927 in Germany, small (up to 3 m long and 1.70 m wide) motorized delivery vans were called cyclonettes .

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Zyklon  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ DRK aid after hurricane in India ( Memento from March 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Storms, floods and drought (tagesschau.de archive) - Not available on February 20, 2016.
  3. ↑ Helpers expect even more deaths (tagesschau.de archive) - Not available on February 20, 2016.
  4. ↑ http://www.berliner-zeitung.de/archiv/tausende-tote-im-kuestengebiet-befuerchtet---die-wellen-waren-bis-zu-zehn-meter-hoch-der-superzyklon-raste-mit -tempo-260-ueber-indien, 10810590,9728970.html Willi Germund: Thousands of dead in the coastal area feared - The waves were up to ten meters high: The super cyclone raced over India at a speed of 260, berliner-zeitung.de, November 1st 1999, last accessed February 20, 2016.
  5. ↑ Monster cyclone kills thousands, emergency aid starts. In: Spiegel Online. November 17, 2007, accessed November 29, 2014 .
  6. ↑ http://www.geographixx.de/naturkatastrophen/sturm.asp Naturkatastrophen Sturm, geographixx.de, Christian Renner, 2006–2012, last accessed February 20, 2016. - Lists storms from August 10, 1856 to October 21, 2005 .
  7. ↑ Cyclone kills 16 people in India and Sri Lanka. In: news.orf.at. December 1, 2017, accessed December 2, 2017 .
  8. ↑ https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/fidschi-zyklon-101.html Cyclone "Winston" rages over Fiji Islands, tagdesschau.de, February 20, 2016.
  9. ↑ http://orf.at/#/stories/2325678/ Cyclone "Winston" with 325 km / h over Fiji, orf.at, February 20, 2016.
  10. ↑ http://orf.at/#/stories/2325859/ More than 20 dead after cyclone in Fijis, orf.at February 22, 2016, accessed February 22, 2016.
  11. ^ Ing. Karl Fischer: Garage construction and tank systems. In: Leopold Herzka: Der Bauratgeber: Handbook for the entire building trade and its border areas, 1927, Springer Verlag, reprint 2013. P. 563. Side view on books.google.at