Otto Friedrich Bollnow

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Otto Friedrich Bollnow (born March 14, 1903 in Stettin ; † February 7, 1991 in Tübingen ) was a German philosopher and educator .

Friedrich Bollnow. Signature 1982

Life

After graduating from high school in Anklam , the son of the teacher and rector Otto Bollnow began studying architecture in Berlin in 1921 , but switched to mathematics and physics after just one semester . In Berlin, however, he also heard lectures by Eduard Spranger and Alois Riehl . After studying in Greifswald in 1923 , he went to Göttingen in 1924 to study with James Franck and Max Born . At Born he received his doctorate in physics in 1925 on the lattice theory of crystals. Even during his school days in Anklam, Bollnow had joined the youth movement in Alt-Wandervogel ; in Greifswald he became a member of the youth movement St. Georg and in Berlin he was involved in the academic community of Skuld .

During Born's stay in America, Bollnow taught as a teacher at the Odenwald School , where he became friends with Martin Wagenschein and was influenced by Paul Geheeb . Under the impression of this reform school, Bollnow went back to Göttingen to study philosophy and pedagogy with Georg Misch and Herman Nohl and to pass the state examination for higher teaching qualifications. In 1928/29 Bollnow moved to Marburg and Freiburg for three semesters to study with Martin Heidegger . In the spring of 1929 he was one of the recorders of the famous Davos disputation between Heidegger and Cassirer .

In 1931 he completed his habilitation on Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi's philosophy of life.

From April 1931 to June 1933 Bollnow was Herman Nohl's assistant. After the handover of power to the National Socialists, he confessed to the new regime. On November 11, 1933, he signed the German professors' confession of Adolf Hitler . In an article on Political Science and Political University , he advocated a "total university" in the National Socialist sense. In 1934 he published the brochure The New Image of Man and the Pedagogical Task , in which he committed himself to the "National Socialist Revolution". From 1933 he belonged to the Combat League for German Culture and from 1934 to the National Socialist Teachers' Association . On June 1, 1940, he became a member of the NSDAP . He was also a member of the SA .

From 1935, Bollnow taught philosophy in the humanities in Göttingen as a private lecturer. In May 1938 he was appointed associate professor of philosophy and education at the University of Göttingen. In the same year he took over the representation of the chair for psychology and education from Gerhard Pfahler at the University of Giessen and was appointed there in 1939.

During the Second World War Bollnow found military use as a physicist. Since the University of Giessen was still closed in 1945, he went to Göttingen for a short time before accepting a professorship in Mainz in 1946. From 1953 he held the chair for philosophy and education in Tübingen . He taught there until his retirement in 1970. In 1975 he received an honorary doctorate in Strasbourg. In 1980 he was awarded the German Freemasons ' Culture Prize.

Based on the philosophy of life and phenomenology, Bollnow dealt with existential philosophy and among other things also wrote an introduction to this topic. He further developed Wilhelm Dilthey's hermeneutics and dealt extensively with the philosophical foundations of education, its history and its anthropological questions.

He was married twice: first since 1931 with the teacher Ilse Klette (1897–1935); then with Ortrud Bürger, with whom he had three children.

Features of his view of pedagogy

With reference to existential philosophy , Bollnow states that the incarnation is not a continuous, i.e. H. is a continuous process, but shows both physical and mental breaks. He therefore claims: "Human life contains [...] both side by side, constant courses and discontinuous cuts."

For this reason, Bollnow pleads for an expansion of the pedagogy, which thinks in constant categories, to include “discontinuous forms of education”. For him these are: the crisis, the revival, the admonition, the counseling, the risk and failure in education - and finally - the encounter.

Bollnow sees the classic pedagogical concept of education and the encounter introduced by him in a tension and complementary relationship.

Encounter and education "must be in the right balance if the spiritual growth (of human beings) is to take place in the right way." Bollnow thus postulates not only the aspects of knowledge but also the aspect of interpersonal relationships as constitutive for the incarnation. In his late work "Between Philosophy and Pedagogy", Bollnow therefore deals in detail with the concept of conversation ( dialogue ).

Honors

Fonts

  • FH Jacobi's philosophy of life . Stuttgart 1933, 2nd edition 1966
  • Dilthey. An introduction to his philosophy . Teubner, Leipzig 1936. 4th edition Novalis, Schaffhausen 1980, ISBN 3-7214-0073-2
  • The essence of moods . Klostermann, Frankfurt a. M. 1941, 8th edition 1995, ISBN 978-3-465-02802-4
  • Existential philosophy . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1943, 9th edition 1984, ISBN 3-17-008654-5
  • The awe . Klostermann, Frankfurt a. M. 1947, 2nd edition 1958
  • The understanding . Three essays on the theory of the humanities . Kirchheim Mainz 1949
  • Rilke , Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1951, 2nd edition 1955
  • The pedagogy of German romanticism . From Arndt to Froebel . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1952, 3rd edition 1977
  • Restlessness and security in the worldview of newer poets. Eight essays . Stuttgart 1955, 3rd edition 1972
  • New security. The problem of overcoming existentialism . Stuttgart 1955, 4th edition 1979
  • The philosophy of life . Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg 1958
  • Nature and change of virtues . Frankfurt a. M. 1958
  • Existential philosophy and pedagogy. Attempt on inconsistent forms of education. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1959, 5th edition 1977
  • Man and space . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1963, 11th edition 2010
  • the power of the word. Philosophical considerations from a pedagogical perspective . New German School, Essen 1964, 3rd edition 1971
  • The educational atmosphere. Investigation into the emotional interpersonal requirements of upbringing . Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1964, 4th edition 1970
  • French existentialism . Stuttgart 1965
  • the anthropological approach in education. New German School, Essen 1965, 3rd edition 1975
  • Language and education . Stuttgart 1966, 3rd edition 1979
  • Philosophy of knowledge. The pre-understanding and the experience of the new . Stuttgart 1970, 2nd edition 1981
  • The double face of truth . Philosophy of Knowledge, Volume 2 . Stuttgart 1975
  • From the spirit of practice . Freiburg i. Br. 1978
  • Studies on Hermeneutics Volume I: On the Philosophy of the Humanities. Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1982, ISBN 3-495-47482-X
  • Studies on Hermeneutics Volume II: On Hermeneutic Logic by Georg Misch and Hans Lipps . Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1983, ISBN 3-495-47513-3
  • Interview with Otto Friedrich Bollnow. Edited by Hans-Peter Göbbeler and Hans-Ulrich Lessing. Alber, Freiburg / Munich 1983, ISBN 3-495-47522-2
  • Between philosophy and education. Lectures and essays . Weitz, Aachen 1988
  • Philosophy of Life and Philosophy of Existence Writings: Study edition in 12 volumes, Volume 4, Verlag Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8260-4186-0

literature

  • Ralf Koerrenz : Otto Friedrich Bollnow. An educational portrait . Beltz (UTB), Weinheim / Basel 2004, ISBN 3-8252-2484-8 .
  • Wolfgang Gantke: Otto Friedrich Bollnow's philosophy read interculturally . Traugott Bautz, Nordhausen 2005, ISBN 3-88309-183-9 .

Web links

Primary texts
Secondary sources

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Kümmel: Otto Friedrich Bollnow for an introduction. 2004, p. 1 , accessed June 25, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Werner Kindt (Ed.): The German youth movement 1920 to 1933. The Bundische Zeit; Source writings. Diederichs, Düsseldorf 1974, ISBN 3-424-00527-4 , p. 1756.
  3. ↑ Martin Heidegger Complete Edition (HGA) 3, 1973, p. 315
  4. ^ Erwin Ratzke: The Pedagogical Institute of the University of Göttingen. An overview of its development in the years 1923–1949. In: Heinrich Becker, Hans-Joachim Dahms and Cornelia Wegeler (eds.). The University of Göttingen under National Socialism. KG Saur, Tubingen 1998, ISBN 3-598-10853-2 , p. 324.
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Klafki and Johanna-Luise Brockmann: Humanities pedagogy and National Socialism. Herman Nohl and his “Göttingen School” 1932–1937; an individual and group biographical, mentality and theoretical history investigation. Beltz, Weinheim 2002, ISBN 3-407-25250-1 , p. 386.
  6. ↑ a b c Christian Tilitzki : The German university philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in the Third Reich. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-05-003647-8 , p. 700.
  7. ↑ Guntolf Herzberg: Philosophy at the Humboldt University 1945–1990. In: Heinz-Elmar Tenorth (ed.). History of the University of Unter den Linden 1810-2010. Practice their disciplines. Volume 6: Self-Assertion of a Vision. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 9783050089195 ( History of the University of Unter den Linden 1810-2010 ), p. 141.
personal data
SURNAME Bollnow, Otto Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher and educator
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Szczecin
DATE OF DEATH February 7, 1991
Place of death Tübingen