Karl Friedrich Froebel

Karl Friedrich Froebel (born October 29, 1807 in Griesheim , † May 9, 1894 in Edinburgh ) was a German educator and director of the Hamburg University of Applied Sciences for women .

Life

Karl Friedrich was born in 1808 as the third of four sons of the pastor Johann Michael Christoph Fröbel in Griesheim near Arnstadt. When his father Christoph died in 1813, his uncle Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel , who later became known as the founder of the kindergartens , took over the upbringing of the children. Under the influence of Friedrich's pedagogical model, Karl also developed ambitions for education. He studied philosophy in Jena.

Teaching

From 1828 Karl Friedrich Froebel taught mathematics at a Pestalozzi school in London ( England ). In 1833, through the connections of his brother Julius , he got a position as professor of English language and literature at the Zurich Cantonal School. Here he continued the study of mathematics.

Educational activity

In 1845 Karl opened an educational institution with a kindergarten in Zurich, where boys and girls were brought up together in a co-educational and natural way (family). As part of this institution, Karl received public recognition as an educator for the first time. Karl also wanted to implement the idea of ​​family education in a college for girls. A correspondence developed with Johanna Küstner , who was still active in Breslau at the time and was interested in his ideas. The two apparently married in 1849.

In Switzerland, due to the restorative political attitude, Karl was unable to realize his plans for a higher girls' education institution and therefore looked for areas of activity in Germany. So he got in contact with the Hamburg women's association , mediated by Amalie Krüger , a student of his uncle. Karl Froebel and Emilie Wüstenfeld began to develop a lively correspondence. Together with his wife, he moved to Hamburg in 1849 to head the "University for Women". Karl became the director of the educational institution, at the request of Wüstenfeld and Bertha Trauns . Friedrich Fröbel, who was involved in training at Johanna Goldschmidt's request , had already fallen out with his nephew earlier, which is why it was very difficult to work together and Friedrich left the university in 1851. In the first year the school seemed successful under Karl's leadership, but there were more and more conflicts in school policy. The Froebel couple could soon no longer overlook many apparently private disputes and left the university in 1852. Shortly afterwards it was closed. The family went to Scotland, where Karl took over the management of a girls' school in Edinburgh.

Works

In 1839 he wrote his book: Contemporary considerations, by a German , which was published anonymously. The central theses were:

• The kingdom of God is a kingdom of science and justice and scientific research supports it.
• Differences in class can be eliminated through education, which would avoid intellectual and material poverty.
• The education of women has to be renewed: family life is the basis of the moral being, the woman represents the family.
• Uniform education helps to unite the peoples on an international level.

literature

Frauen-Zeitung: an organ for the higher female interests. Edited by Louise Otto, 1849-1852; Reprint from 1849-1850 in: "I woo citizens for the empire of freedom": the women's newspaper Gerhard, Ute [ed.]; Hannover-Drück, Elisabeth [ed.]. Frankfurt / M .: Syndikat 1980 (including the course catalogs of the Hamburg Women's University)

• Elke Kleinau, Christine Mayer (Hrsg.): Upbringing and education of the female sex . An annotated collection of sources on the educational and vocational history of girls and women. Volume 1. Deutscher Studienverlag. Weinheim 1996.
• Elke Kleinau: Education and Gender. A social history of the higher girls' school system in Germany from Vormärz to the Third Reich . German study publisher. Weinheim 1997.

Web links

• Literature by and about Karl Friedrich Froebel in the catalog of the German National Library
• Erika Hoffmann:  Carl Friedrich Froebel. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 646 ( digitized version ).
• Letters in the Library for Educational History Research (BBF) Berlin

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Register of persons for the complete edition of Friedrich Fröbel's letters ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . 
2. ^ Letter from Friedrich Froebel to Luise Levin from March 2–3. February 1849 ( Memento of the original from June 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. : "To Carl Fröbel in Zurich - who brought Johanne Küstner to his wife here". In a letter a few weeks earlier ( Friedrich Fröbel to Luise Levin from January 15-20, 1849 ( Memento of the original from June 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and Archive link according to instructions and then remove this note. ) The two are named together, but still without any reference to an imminent marriage. In 1848 Friedrich Fröbel referred to Johanna Küstner as a “virgin” ( Friedrich Fröbel to Elise Fröbe, 23 November 1848 ( memento of the original from 9 May 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original - and archive link according to instructions and then remove this note .; December 21, 1848 ( Memento of the original from June 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to instructions and then remove this note. ), so she was not yet married. On August 28, 1849 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. wrote Friedrich Froebel to “Meine l. Niece Johanna Froebel ”. Inaccurate the presentation by Eduard Spranger , The Idea of ​​a College for Women and the Women's Movement , Leipzig 1916, p. 28, that Karl Fröbel and his wife Johanna "founded a kind of rural education home near Zurich", so the two married in 1845 would have been.     
3. ↑ cf. "The Hamburg University of Applied Sciences for Women - A Study of the Early History of Adult Education; Diploma thesis in the subject of educational science at the University of Kassel, is in the archive of the German women's movement http://www.addf-kassel.de/ (Gottschalkstrasse 57, 34127 Kassel )in front