Griesheim (Stadtilm)

Griesheim City Stadtilm Coordinates: 50 ° 45 ′ 10 ″  N , 11 ° 2 ′ 31 ″  E
Height :	375 m above sea level NN
Residents :	350
Incorporation :	April 6, 1994
Incorporated into:	Singerberg
Postal code :	99326
Area code :	03629
Location of Griesheim in Thuringia
Maria Magdalena village church

Griesheim is a district of the city of Stadtilm in the Ilm district ( Thuringia ) with around 350 inhabitants.

geography

Griesheim is located in the Ilm Valley between Stadtilm and Gräfinau-Angstedt at an altitude of about 370 meters. The 582 meter high Singer Berg rises 3 km to the southeast . To the west behind the edge of the village begins the gateway to the foothills of the Thuringian Forest and the course of the federal highway 71 .

history

The Franks ruling Thuringia founded fortified settlements on their eastern border opposite the Sorbs on the Saale and Ilm . Many such places were given the ending -heim . Griesheim was first mentioned between 1079 and 1089. The name of the place is derived from the settlement on sandy soil, the Griesheimer Sand . There were the spellings Grysheim , Grizheim and Griesheim one after the other . The lords of Griesheim , who were also the founders of the church first mentioned in 1119, have been documented since 1133 . They were relatively independent feudal men of the Counts of Schwarzburg and built their castle on the Kirchberg . In its place, under Christian August von Lindenfels, was the Griesheim Palace in Baroque style around 1735 .

The large manor was divided into an upper and lower court . It was tended by various noble tenants. In 1751 it went to the Duke of Württemberg Chamberlain Carl Joseph von Hoheneck . In 1834 the Princely Chamber of Rudolstadt took over the goods and leased them. In 1856 the separation took place in Griesheim, so that the forced labor was abolished.

In 1816 Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel founded the " General German Educational Institution " in Griesheim . This institution began with five pupils from the Fröbel family circle - their naming was primarily motivated by the educational goal. "Um Johannis" In 1817 the institution moved to Keilhau , where the number of pupils initially increased rapidly. The first Fröbel's foundation was a school that anticipated the structure and content of later rural education centers in many respects . Until 1918 Griesheim belonged to the sovereignty of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt .

After the First World War , the estate became the state domain of the new state of Thuringia . The last tenant until his death in 1945 was Major Gerhard Martin Jordan. This ensured that the castle, in which he lived from 1924, was modernized. In addition to the management of the estate, he was particularly dedicated to horse breeding and hunting.

In 1935 Griesheim had 300 inhabitants and, in addition to the domain, two larger and several medium-sized and small farms, the latter as a sideline. There were also five craft businesses.

At the end of the Second World War, the nuclear physicist Kurt Diebner lived in the castle with his family. In April 1945 US troops occupied Griesheim. One search party was disappointed because they found neither thieves nor any secrets in the castle. There were billets in the village, after which the residents missed some of the inventory. At the beginning of July the Red Army came as a garrison. Griesheim became part of the SBZ and went along with all the corresponding social changes. In the course of the land reform in 1945, a commission from the village divided the domain among 37 families, especially new farmers . It was about 150 hectares of agricultural land, all buildings, livestock, tools and machines.

In March 1949, the Thuringian Interior Minister ordered the demolition of the castle against the protests of citizens, local pastors and monument preservationists, which took place after some valuable inventory had been rescued by employees of the Arnstadt Museum . Ultimately, the basis was the notorious Order 209 of the Soviet Military Administration (SMAD) to remove aristocratic seats. Only a few built-up former farm buildings have been preserved.

LPG Griesheim, 1971

Old and new farmers were urged to found the LPG "Ernst Thälmann", which later split into plant and animal production as part of the industrialization of agriculture together with LPGs from neighboring towns. After the reunification (GDR) in 1991 the LPG became the Agrargesellschaft Griesheim mbH . In 2005, with 2500 hectares of usable space and extensive livestock, it was the largest employer in the town.

Until 1920, Griesheim belonged to the Stadtilm office in the sovereignty of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , and from 1920 to 1952 it belonged to the Arnstadt district . In 1937, the one kilometer southeast of Hammersfeld was incorporated into Griesheim. In 1952, the Arnstadt district was divided, and Griesheim belonged to the now smaller Arnstadt district . In 1994 the Ilmenau and Arnstadt districts were reunited under the name Ilm District . On April 6, 1994 the place was incorporated into the community Singerberg with seat in Singen . This went on June 1, 1996 in the community Ilmtal , whose administrative seat was Griesheim. Ilmtal was again incorporated into Stadtilm on July 6, 2018.

Culture and sights

• The church of Griesheim is one of the most beautiful and oldest in Thuringia. It stands on a hill, the Kirchberg, and is dedicated to Maria Magdalena. In 1533 the Schwarzburger introduced the Reformation. This made Griesheim Protestant. The church was given its present form after some renovations and additions in the 17th century. The originally towerless Romanesque church with beautiful arched door fields was converted into a choir tower church. There are well-preserved, erect grave slabs on the church wall. On the now bare plateau behind the churchyard wall, the large baroque palace stood until its demolition in 1949, which had shaped the appearance of Griesheim for centuries.
• The inscription on a memorial plaque from 1916 in front of the current rectory reads: “Friedrich Fröbel began his work for German education here. To its founder, the Keilhau educational institution and its former students on the centenary on November 13, 1916 ”. The former rectory is opposite the current one.
• A memorial in the churchyard, designed after the fall of the Wall , which continues to serve as a cemetery, is dedicated to the dead from the First and Second World Wars from Griesheim: not only the fallen and missing soldiers, but also a bomb victim and residents who were abducted after the war and never returned.
• Graves and memorial plaques in the churchyard also remind of two unknown concentration camp prisoners who were shot by SS men while trying to escape from the death march from the subcamp SIII / Jonastal of the Buchenwald concentration camp .

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  Griesheim church from the east

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  Tympanum over the southern door of the church

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  Tympanum above the north church door

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  Grave slabs on the church wall

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  Grave slabs on the church wall

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  Grave slabs on the church wall

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  Interior of the church

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  Church and demolished castle in the model

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  Church hill without a previous castle

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  Memorial for victims of both world wars in the churchyard

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  Memorial plaque for Friedrich Froebel

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  New house in Griesheim

Economy and Transport

Griesheim is an agricultural place. The largest employer is the Agrargesellschaft Griesheim mbH. In the Ilm valley around Griesheim there are wheat and corn fields . Since 2007, the agricultural cooperative has been operating a biogas plant and two combined heat and power plants with 250 kW electrical output each and supplies the dairy cattle facility, the social building and another stable, the workshops of the agricultural cooperative and the school kitchen. Many residents commute to work in the larger towns in the area. The municipality of Ilmtal is administered in the village.

The federal road 87 Ilmenau - Stadtilm and country roads to Niederwillingen and Hammersfeld lead through the village .

Griesheim is on the Ilmtal cycle path .

Personalities

• Friedrich Fröbel (1782-1852), served in the Lützow Freikorps, was a Pestalozzi student and self-employed teacher, founded the first kindergarten on June 28, 1840 in nearby Blankenburg (today: Bad Blankenburg)
• Julius Fröbel (1805–1893), born in Griesheim, nephew of Friedrich Fröbel, geologist, politician, member of the Frankfurt National Assembly 1848/49, after returning from exile he was editor and diplomat

literature

• Thomas Bienert: The baroque palace in Griesheim near Stadtilm . In: The fate of battered and disappeared noble houses. Thuringian General 2006

Web links

Commons : Griesheim (Ilmtal)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ HE Müllerott: Legends, fables and romantic stories from the central Thuringian Forest and its foreland. Thüringer Chronik-Verlag, Arnstadt 1995/1997, p. 168.
2. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
3. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
4. ↑ Thuringian Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 7 2018 of July 5, 2018 , accessed on July 6, 2018
5. ↑ Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Environment and Nature Conservation: Bioenergy in Thuringia ... Print shop of the State Office for Measurement ..., Erfurt, 2011, pp. 30/31