1960s
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1969
The 1960s was the seventh decade of the 20th century and lasted from 1960 to 1969.
It was the time of the Vietnam War, the student movement, and the sexual revolution.
Events
- Decolonization of Africa .
- Civil rights movement in the USA.
- Brasília becomes the capital of Brazil ( 1960 ).
- First human space flight ( Yuri Gagarin ) ( 1961 ).
- Contergan scandal (1961 to 1970).
- First birth control pill as a remedy for menstrual cramps in Germany (1961)
- Construction of the Berlin Wall (1961).
- Above-ground explosion of a 60 MT hydrogen bomb (1961).
- Cuban Missile Crisis ( 1962 ).
- Elbe flood in Hamburg (1962).
- Second Vatican Council (1962–1965).
- Vietnam War ( USA since 1964 ) and peace movement .
- Assassination of John F. Kennedy ( 1963 )
- Flowerpower movement (1965)
- Assassination of Malcolm X '(1965)
- Police officer Karl-Heinz Kurras shoots FU student Benno Ohnesorg (1967)
- Che Guevara is shot, put on display and buried unknown (1967)
- The "socialist" constitution of the GDR comes into force (1968).
- May Riots in France (1968)
- German Emergency Laws (1968)
- Student movement (peak in 1968 ).
- Extra-parliamentary opposition ( 1966 to 1969 ) in the Federal Republic of Germany.
- First grand coalition in the Federal Republic of Germany (1966–1969).
- Cultural Revolution in China (1966).
- Six Day War ( 1967 ).
- Prague Spring 1968 ends with invasion by troops of the Warsaw Pact in Czechoslovakia .
- The assassination of Martin Luther King was followed by unrest (1968).
- Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy (1968).
- First moon landing with Apollo 11 (1969).
- The Woodstock Festival , the (musical) climax of the hippie movement (August 15-17, 1969).
- Jet airliner Jumbo (1969)
- The community reform begins in the late 1960s. It reduces the number of individual communities in the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany by two thirds.
Cultural history
- Archigram
- happening
- Fluxus
- Hippie / flower power
- pacifism
- marijuana
- Commune
- LSD
- Mini skirt
- bikini
- rocker
- Sexual Revolution
- feminism
- Sit-in
- Student movement
- Swinging Sixties
- stereophony
- Tape recorder
- Satellite town
- twen
- Vinyl records
- Underground comix
- Woodstock Festival
watch TV
- On the green beach of the Spree
- Beat club
- Bonanza
- the current sports studio
- The scarf
- The Hesselbach company
- Third television program
- One will win
- Color television (started in the FRG in 1967)
- Hotel Victoria
- Melissa
- With umbrella, charm and bowler hat
- Raumpatrouille - The fantastic adventures of the Orion spaceship
- Spaceship Enterprise (from 1972 in the FRG)
- Sports show
- Steel mesh
- Street sweeper
- Tim Frazer
- Walter Cronkite
- ZDF
- ZDF hit parade (from 1969)
See also: Chronology of television 1950 to 1969 and history of television in Germany
Movie
Currents
Film series
Individual contributions internationally
- 2001: A Space Odyssey
- Out of breath
- Last year in Marienbad
- Elevator to the scaffold
- The trip
- Easy rider
- Once Upon a Time in the West
- For a few dollars
- Corpses pave his way
- Spartacus
- Cleopatra
- Do you love Brahms?
- What's new, pussy?
- Dr. Strange or: How I Learned to Love the Bomb
- dance of the Vampires
- That certain trick
- A hard day's night
- The pink panther
- Breakfast at Tiffany's
- Two bandits
- The matriculation examination
- Bonnie and Clyde
- The longest day
- The judgment of Nuremberg
- Psycho
- The birds
- Lolita
- Oscar (France 1967)
See also below at Oscar winners
Individual contributions national
- Trail of stones
- Katzelmacher
- Love is colder than death
- The young Törless
- I am the rabbit
- Down to business, honey
- I am an elephant, madame
- I was nineteen
- The Gleiwitz case
- Description of a summer
- Naked among wolves
- Carbide and sorrel
- The adventures of Werner Holt
Oscar winner
- 1960: Ben Hur
- 1961: The apartment
- 1962: West Side Story
- 1963: Lawrence of Arabia
- 1964: Tom Jones - Between the bed and the gallows
- 1965: My Fair Lady
- 1966: My songs - my dreams
- 1967: A man for every season
- 1968: In the heat of the night
- 1969: Oliver
Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival
- 1960: the sweet life
- 1961: Still after year and day and Viridiana
- 1962: Fifty Steps to Justice
- 1963: the leopard
- 1964: The Cherbourg umbrellas
- 1965: That certain trick
- 1966: A man and a woman and buts, buts, gentlemen ...
- 1967: Blow Up
- 1968: (not awarded)
- 1969: If ...
See also: List of film years (events from the world of film, sorted by year)
Popular music and jazz
Currents
- soul
- Wireless
- Beat music
- Garage rock
- Psychedelic rock
- Progressive rock
- Folk rock
- Country rock
- Singer-songwriter
- Yéyé
- Ska
- Rocksteady
- Early reggae
- Surf music
- Free jazz
- Soul jazz
- Bossa Nova
- Tropicalismo
See also: Rock Music of the 1960s and Schlager - The 1960s - Breakdown of Schlager and Pop Music
Relevant publications
Songs
(selected by Rolling Stone )
- Georgia on My Mind ( Ray Charles )
- Blowin 'in the Wind (Bob Dylan)
- I Want to Hold Your Hand (The Beatles)
- Be My Baby ( The Ronettes )
- A Change Is Gonna Come ( Sam Cooke )
- You've Lost That Lovin 'Feelin' ( The Righteous Brothers )
- Dancing in the Street ( Martha & the Vandellas )
- Like a Rolling Stone (Bob Dylan)
- (I Can't Get No) Satisfaction (Rolling Stones)
- My Generation (The Who)
- Yesterday (The Beatles)
- In My Life (The Beatles)
- People Get Ready ( The Impressions )
- Help! (The Beatles)
- The Tracks of My Tears ( Smokey Robinson and the Miracles )
- Good Vibrations (The Beach Boys)
- God Only Knows (The Beach Boys)
- River Deep - Mountain High ( Ike & Tina Turner )
- Respect (Aretha Franklin)
- Purple Haze (Jimi Hendrix)
- A Day in the Life (The Beatles)
- Light My Fire (The Doors)
- Waterloo Sunset ( The Kinks )
- Hey Jude (The Beatles)
- (Sittin 'On) The Dock of the Bay ( Otis Redding )
- Sympathy for the Devil (The Rolling Stones)
- All Along the Watchtower (Jimi Hendrix)
- Gimme Shelter (The Rolling Stones)
Albums
- The Beatles: With the Beatles
- Johnny Cash : I Walk the Line
- The Beatles: Rubber Soul
- The Beatles: Revolver
- Pink Floyd : The Piper at the Gates of Dawn
- The Beatles: Sgt.Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
- Cream : Disraeli Gears
- The Beatles: White Album
- The Rolling Stones: Beggars Banquet
- Simon & Garfunkel : Bookends
- The Who: Tommy
- The Beach Boys: Pet Sounds
- Jimi Hendrix Experience: Electric Ladyland
- The Who: Live at Leeds
- The Rolling Stones: Let It Bleed
- Miles Davis : Bitches Brew
- Frank Zappa : Hot Rats
Image description
The following can be seen on this picture (line by line from left to right):
- An emergency UN Security Council meeting during the Cuban Missile Crisis . In the opinion of many commentators and historians, the world was on the brink of World War III .
- Infantrymen and a military helicopter in the Vietnam War , which the superpower USA is waging increasingly massive this decade. The protest against it in Europe is closely linked to the 1968 movement .
- An explosive explosion during the Six Day War . The Middle East conflict has remained a dominant issue in world politics for decades.
- Protest at the 1968 Olympic Games during an award ceremony for American athletes.
- The “ pill ” is becoming a common family planning tool .
- Martin Luther King at his " I Have a Dream " speech
- The Beatles
- Apollo 11 : People on the Moon (July 21, 1969 at 2:56 UTC )
Personalities (selection)
politics
- Konrad Adenauer
- Willy Brandt
- Charles de Gaulle
- Fidel Castro
- Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev
- Francisco Franco
- Rudi Dutschke
- Malcolm X
- Ludwig Erhard
- Che Guevara
- Lyndon B. Johnson
- John F. Kennedy
- Robert F. Kennedy
- Richard Nixon
- Kenneth O'Donnell
- Dean Rusk
- Harold Macmillan
- Harold Wilson
- Kurt Georg Kiesinger
- Martin Luther King
- Heinrich Luebke
- Walter Ulbricht
- David Ben-Gurion
- Levi Eschkol
- Gamal Abdel Nasser
- Kim Il-sung
- Mao Zedong
Writers, artists and intellectuals
- Theodor W. Adorno
- Isaac Asimov
- James Graham Ballard
- Amiri Baraka
- Gwendolyn Brooks
- William S. Burroughs
- Truman Capote
- Rachel Carson
- Noam Chomsky
- Arthur C. Clarke
- Robert Crumb
- Philip K. Dick
- Betty Friedan
- Milton Friedman
- James Gill
- Allen Ginsberg
- Seamus Heaney
- Robert A. Heinlein
- Joseph Heller
- Frank Herbert
- Abbie Hoffman
- Jane Jacobs
- Ken Kesey
- Oswalt Kolle
- Philip Larkin
- Timothy Leary
- Phil Lesh
- Roy Lichtenstein
- Norman Mailer
- Herbert Marcuse
- Marshall McLuhan
- Thomas Pynchon
- Bertrand Russell
- Jean Rhys
- Carl Sagan
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Charles M. Schulz
- Hans Sennholz
- Theodor Seuss Geisel (Dr. Seuss)
- John Steinbeck
- Gloria Steinem
- Tom Stoppard
- Barbra Streisand
- Hunter S. Thompson
- Gore Vidal
- Kurt Vonnegut
- Andy Warhol
- Alan Watts
- John Wayne
- Bob Weir
- Tom Wolfe
Popular music and jazz
- Bob Dylan
- Carlos Santana
- Creedence Clearwater Revival
- Cream
- The Doors
- Frank Zappa
- Grateful Dead
- James Brown
- Janis Joplin
- Jefferson Airplane
- Jimi Hendrix
- Joan Baez
- Joe Cocker
- John Coltrane
- Johnny Cash
- Joni Mitchell
- Leonard Cohen
- Marvin Gaye
- Miles Davis
- Ornette Coleman
- Elvis Presley
- The Rolling Stones
- Serge Gainsbourg
- Simon & Garfunkel
- Syd Barrett
- Ten Years After
- The Velvet Underground
- The Who
- The Yardbirds
Sports
- Cassius Clay
- Uwe Seeler
- Pelé
- Garrincha
- Alfredo Di Stéfano
- Eusebio
- Bobby Charlton
- skateboard
- Bob Beamon
Others
- Neil Armstrong
- Sean Connery
- Walt Disney
- Stan Laurel
- Marilyn Monroe
- Rudolf Chametowitsch Nurejew
- Aristotle Onassis
- John XXIII
- Helena Rubinstein
- Alan Shepard
- Phil Spector
- Sharon Tate
literature
- Werner Pieper (Ed.): Everything seemed possible ... 60 sixty-year-olds about the 60s and what became of them . Der Grüne Zweig 252, Löhrbach 2006. ( ISBN 978-3-925817-52-6 )
- Kurt Holl and Claudia Glunz (eds.): 1968 on the Rhine: Satisfaction and resting traffic . 2007, ISBN 978-3-932050-11-4 .
- Albrecht Geck : The Federal Republic in the 1960s and 1970s - A general orientation with a focus on the history of theology. In: Siegfried Hermle, Jürgen Kampmann (Ed.): The evangelical movement in Württemberg and Westphalia. Beginnings and Effects , Contributions to the Westphalian Church History 39, Bielefeld (Luther-Verlag) 2012, pp. 25–41.