Museum of Modern Art
The Museum of Modern Art (own name and spelling: MUSEUM ᴹᴹᴷ FOR MODERN KUNST ) in Frankfurt am Main was founded in 1981. The Marburg art and architecture theorist Heinrich Klotz and the theater and art critic Peter Iden are considered to be the initiators. The museum building was designed by the Viennese architect Hans Hollein and opened in 1991. The museum has two branches.
Architecture and location
After the foundation of the Museum of Modern Art in 1981, the decision was made in 1982 to purchase a plot of land in the city center, which was originally intended for the expansion of the municipal offices. The main entrance of the museum is on the corner of Domstraße and Braubachstraße, creating a connection to the historic old town. In 1983 an open competition followed; On May 17, 1983, the Viennese architect Hans Hollein won with his design and was commissioned with the implementation. Construction started in 1987 and the topping-out ceremony was held in 1988. Peter Iden developed the space program for the museum. Hardly any changes were made to Hollein's design. Only the installation Blitzschlag mit Lichtschein auf Hirsch by Joseph Beuys , which was purchased before the opening, was taken into account in Hollein's designs and resulted in a room that was specially tailored to this work and extended over two floors.
Hans Hollein's design of the Museum für Moderne Kunst is based on the approach that there can be no neutral space in a museum, "only characteristic spaces of different sizes (and their development), with which the work of art enters into a dialectic - in mutual potentiation".
The height of the three-storey building is adapted to the surroundings and is characterized by the "triangular shape" and facade design. It is popularly referred to as a "piece of cake" and was designed by Claes Oldenburg in this motif . The building houses three main levels for exhibitions and an administrative area on the mezzanine floor, which is located above the entrance area and the cafeteria. The MMK library and archive are also located in this area. The entire area of the museum has a cellar. There are workshops, depots and a lecture hall.
history
During the Second World War , a large part of Frankfurt's old town was destroyed in the air raids on Frankfurt am Main . This fact led to a cultural deficit in the cityscape. In the 1970s, Frankfurt began to reform the city's cultural sector through new construction projects. As part of this construction program, the city of Frankfurt acquired villas and parks in order to initiate the reconstruction of the historic city center and the expansion of the so-called museum bank, which marks the southern bank of the Main. The history of the MMK's origins was very closely integrated into the Museumsufer concept from the start.
The original plan was to house a museum for architecture and a museum for contemporary art in one building. The City of Frankfurt's Magistrate took up this suggestion and decided on May 10, 1979 to set up these two institutions in one building. The museum was to be architecturally divided into two areas and run under a common management. However, the proposal and implementation were rejected due to the limited space available. The decisive factor was, among other things, the art acquisitions from the former Ströher collection decided by the municipal authorities .
The idea of setting up a museum for modernism in Frankfurt came from Peter Iden , an influential theater and art critic at the Frankfurter Rundschau and founding director of the museum until 1978–1987. Iden found political advocates for his project in the then Lord Mayor Walter Wallmann (CDU) and the cultural department head Hilmar Hoffmann (SPD). In 1989, the Swiss art historian and curator Jean-Christophe Ammann moved from the Kunsthalle Basel to Frankfurt am Main , where he opened the new Museum for Modern Art (MMK) Frankfurt am Main as director on June 6, 1991. With a new exhibition model, the scene change , which took place 20 times with the help of private sponsors (scene change I, 1992 to scene change XX, 2001-2), the new museum gained international renown . For the scene change exhibitions , the museum's holdings were rearranged every six months and enriched with new items, loans and special exhibitions.
From 2002 to 2008 Udo Kittelmann (director of the Nationalgalerie Berlin since November 2008 ) was director of the museum. In January 2009 Susanne Gaensheimer , the former curator for contemporary art in the Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus in Munich, became director of the MMK. For August 31, 2017 she left the museum, into Dusseldorf head of the Art Collection of North Rhine-Westphalia to take over. The deputy head Peter Gorschlüter became acting director. From January 2018, Susanne Pfeffer , who most recently headed the Museum Fridericianum (Kassel) , will be the director of the MMK.
collection
Today the MMK houses more than 4,500 works of art by around 440 artists, from the 1960s to the present day. These works and groups of works represent a representative cross-section of all genres of modern and contemporary art from painting , sculpture , video , photography , light and sound installations as well as works of performance from the national and international art scene. The foundation was created by purchasing important works from the collection by the Darmstadt industrialist Karl Ströher . In 1980/81 the city of Frankfurt acquired 87 works from the collection of Karl Ströher, who died in 1977. Mainly there were works and groups of works of art of the 1960s by artists of Pop Art such as Robert Rauschenberg , Jasper Johns , Andy Warhol , Roy Lichtenstein ( We Rose Up Slowly ), Claes Oldenburg , James Rosenquist , George Segal and Tom Wesselmann , works by artists of minimal Art as Carl Andre , Dan Flavin , Donald Judd , Walter De Maria , Robert Morris , Frank Stella , and works by other artists including John Chamberlain or Cy Twombly , and other important works by European artists such as Blinky Palermo , Reiner Ruthenbeck , Gerhard Richter , Francis Bacon and others. The works acquired by Karl Ströher include Francis Bacon's “Nude” (1960), Yves Klein's “Monochrome Bleu IKB 88” (1959), Robert Morris ' “Fountain” (1963), Gerhard Richter's “Pedestrian” (1963) and "Alpen" (1968) and Andy Warhol's "One Hundred Campbell's Soup Cans" (1962). Founding director Peter Iden also expanded the inventory to 135 works between 1981 and 1987, shifting the focus of the collection to the 1970s and 80s. Since 1989, Gerhard Richter's RAF cycle October 18, 1977 has been one of the museum's main works on loan. The cycle was purchased by the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 2005 . In 2006, the Museum of Modern Art, together with the Liechtenstein Art Museum and the St. Gallen Art Museum, acquired the collection of the Cologne gallery owner Rolf Ricke , including works by Richard Artschwager , Bill Bollinger , Donald Judd, Gary Kuehn and Steven Parrino .
Exhibitions
- 1985: Pictures for Frankfurt; The Museum of Modern Art in the Deutsches Architekturmuseum Frankfurt , inventory catalog
- 1987: Dalla Pop Art Americana alla nuova figurazione. Opere del Museo d'arte moderna di Francoforte , Padiglione d'arte contemporanea, Milano
- 1991: Opening exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in Frankfurt , June 6, 1991
- 1991: Carl Andre : Extraneous Roots
- 1992–2002: change of scene I - change of scene XX
- 1994: The Museum of Modern Art and the Ströher Collection
- 1997: Views from Abroad: European Perspectives on American Art
- 1997: Thomas Bayrle : Cups and Cups 1967–1997
- 1997: Alex Katz : Smiles
- 1998: Alighiero Boetti : giving birth to the world / Mettere al Mondo il Mondo
- 1999: Bill Viola : A 25 Year Survey Exhibition - Works from 25 Years
- 1999: Dan Flavin : Two Primary Series and one Secondary, MMK project room in the old main customs office
- 2000: Eric Fischl : Works from the 1980s & Travel of Romance
- 2000: Screenings 01 - 10 : films, videos and video installations, MMK project room in the old main customs office
- 2000–2001: Lucian Freud : Naked Portraits
- 2001: Jeff Wall : Figures and Places
- 2002: Hans Peter Feldmann : Children's room
- 2002: The museum, the collection, the director and his love affairs
- 2002: Martin Boyce : Dornbracht Installation Projects
- 2003: The living museum
- 2003: Rosemarie Trockel : The children's room
- 2004: Teresa Margolles : Muerte sin fin
- 2004: Elaine Sturtevant : The Brutal Truth
- 2005: Whats New, Pussycat?
- 2005: Spider web time: The ebay network
- 2006: Barbara Klemm : 14 days in China in 1985
- 2006: Thomas Bayrle : 40 Years Chinese Rock'n'Roll
- 2006: Thomas Demand : Klause
- 2006: Humanism in China. A photographic portrait
- 2006: Serge Spitzer and Ai Weiwei : Territorial
- 2006: Andreas Slominski : Red sand and luck found
- 2007: Maurizio Cattelan
- 2007: Capital. Blue Chips & Masterpieces
- 2007: proof of use. Scholarship holders of the Jürgen Ponto Foundation 2003–2006
- 2007: Taryn Simon : An American Index of the Hidden and Unfamiliar
- 2007: Frank Moritz: Image of Man II
- 2008: Hans Josephsohn : Sculptor
- 2008: Miroslav Tichý : photographer
- 2008: Bernard Buffet : Painter
- 2008: © Takashi Murakami
- 2009: Bogomir Ecker , Mark Wallinger and an unknown master: Angel Dust
- 2009: Yellow and Green. Items from the MMK collection
- 2009: Double Reiner Ruthenbeck : Overturned Furniture, 1971
- 2009: Sarah Morris : Gemini Dressage
- 2009: Gerhard Richter : 2 seascapes, 1975
- 2009: Jack Goldstein
- 2009: Double Sol LeWitt : Wall Drawing # 261, 1975
- 2009: Peter Roehr : Works from Frankfurt collections
- 2009: Double Isa Genzken : 3 full ellipsoidal sculptures, 1978
- 2010: Radical Conceptual. Items from the MMK collection
- 2010: Functions of the drawing. Conceptual art on paper from the MMK collection
- 2010: Double Wolfgang Loaf : Hazelnut pollen
- 2010: Florian Hecker: Event, Stream, Object
- 2010: Double Andreas Slominski : Fallen - high jump facility - mountain sports equipment, 1988
- 2010: Double Anri Sala : "Title Suspended", 2008
- 2010: Not in Fashion. 90s fashion and photography
- 2010: The Lucid Evidence. Photography from the MMK collection
- 2011: New Frankfurt Internationals: Stories and Stages
- 2011: Félix González-Torres : Specific Objects without Specific Form
- 2011: MMK 1991–2011. 20 years present in the MMK, MMK customs office and MainTor area
- 2011: Douglas Gordon
- 2012: Andy Warhol : Headlines
- 2012: MAKING HISTORY. As part of RAY - photography projects Frankfurt Rhein / Main
- 2012: Total Photography. Works from the MMK collection
- 2012: Thomas Scheibitz : One-Time Pad
- 2012: Alex Monteith: Exercise Blackbird
- 2013: Carsten Nicolai : Unidisplay. Uni (psycho) acoustic
- 2013: Rineke Dijkstra : The Krazy House
- 2013: Danica Dakić : Safe Frame
- 2013: Franz West : Where is my eighth?
- 2013/2014: Hélio Oiticica : The great labyrinth
- 2014: The Divine Comedy : Heaven, Hell, Purgatory from the perspective of contemporary African artists
- 2014/2015: Subodh Gupta : Everything is Inside
- 2014/2015: Sturtevant . Drawing Double Reversal
- 2015: Gerald Domenig : Exhibition preparation
- 2015: Isa Genzken : New Works
- 2015: Imagine Reality. RAY 2015 photography projects Frankfurt RheinMain
- 2015: William Forsythe : The Fact of Matter
- 2016: Kader Attia : Sacrifice and Harmony
- 2016–2017: Mathieu Kleyebe Abonnenc: Mefloquine Dreams
- 2016–2017: Fiona Tan : Geography of Time
- 2016–2017: 25 years of the MMK Museum of Modern Art - new collection presentation
- 2017: Ed Atkins: Corpsing
- 2017: Claudia Andujar : Tomorrow cannot be yesterday
- 2017: Carolee Schneemann : Kinetic Painting
- 2017–2018: A Tale of Two Worlds. Experimental art from Latin America from the 1940s to the 80s in dialogue with the MMK collection
- 2018–2019: Cady Noland
- 2019–2020: Museum
TOWERᴹᴹᴷ
Since October 19, 2014, the MMK has had another external exhibition room on the 2nd floor of the Taunusturm at the Gallusanlage . The costs for the approximately 2000 m² museum area and the operating costs for 15 years are financed privately. There will be changing exhibitions from the museum's holdings twice a year.
Exhibitions since 2014
- 2014–2015: Boom She Boom. Works from the MMK collection
- 2015–2016: close contact. Kostas Murkudis and the MMK collection
- 2016: The Imaginary Museum. Works from the Center Pompidou , the Tate and the MMK
- 2016–2017: Willem de Rooij : Entitled.
- 2017: Primary Structures. Minimal art masterpieces
- 2017–2018: I AM A PROBLEM. Staged by Ersan Mondtag
- 2018: Image Profile. Aspects of the documentary in the photographic collection of the MMK
- 2018–2019: Because I live here
CUSTOMS OFFICEᴹᴹᴷ
The ZOLLAMTᴹᴹᴷ is an external exhibition space of the MMK in the former main customs office of the city of Frankfurt am Main and is located diagonally across from the main entrance of the MMK 1. Since 2007, after a thorough renovation of the building, younger or “lesser known” artistic positions have been regularly presented.
The exhibition program is largely supported by the Jürgen Ponto Foundation . In cooperation with the MMK, the scholarship holders of the Jürgen Ponto Foundation, which awards two working scholarships to young artists every year, have the opportunity to present their work to a broad audience in an exhibition at the ZOLLAMTᴹᴹᴷ.
Exhibitions since 2008
- 2008: Melvin Moti : When No Means On
- 2009: Barbara Klemm : Street Pictures
- 2009: Dolores Zinny / Juan Maidagan: Das Abteil / Compartment
- 2010: Heide Nord / Falke Pisano
- 2010: flavor enhancer. Graduates exhibition of the Städelschule
- 2010: Cyprien Gaillard
- 2011: "___" Temporarily invisible
- 2011: Graduates exhibition at the Städelschule
- 2011: Tobias Zielony
- 2012: Saâdane Afif : Anthologie de l'humour noir
- 2012: Mauricio Guillén: Avenida Progreso
- 2012: Zauderberg. Graduated from the Städelschule in 2012
- 2012: Pssst - an exhibition for children (Labor Frankfurt / Anorak (UK))
- 2013: Andrea Büttner
- 2013: Jewyo Rhii: Walls to Talk to
- 2013: say my name, say my name: Städel graduates 2013
- 2014: ars viva 2013/14: Truth / Reality
- 2014: pashmina. Graduated from the Städelschule in 2014
- 2014/2015: Dayanita Singh : Go Away Closer
- 2015: Hassan Khan : "Flow my tears, the policeman said"
- 2015: Deutsche Börse Photography Prize 2015
- 2015: Parked Like Serious Oysters. Graduated from the Städelschule in 2015
- 2016: croissant. Graduated from the Städelschule in 2016
- 2016: Laure Prouvost : all behind, we'll go deeper, deep down and she will say:
- 2016/2017: Florian Hecker: Formulations
- 2017: Deutsche Börse Photography Foundation Prize 2017
- 2017: heads or tails. Lisa Pahlke and Richard Leue
- 2018: Marianna Simnett
- 2019: Bunny Rogers: Pectus Excavatum
Movies
- Museum check with Markus Brock : Museum of Modern Art, Frankfurt. Synopsis and video from 3sat . First broadcast: July 3, 2016
literature
- Patrick Conley: Jean-Christophe Ammann. Questions to the director of the Museum of Modern Art. In: ART Position , vol. 1, issue 3 (September 1989), pp. 7 to 9 ( online version )
- Theresia Kiefer: Architecture and conception of a contemporary museum using the example of the Museum of Modern Art in Frankfurt am Main. 1995.
- Andreas Bee: Squeezed together between two book covers. In: Ten years of the Museum of Modern Art Frankfurt am Main. Cologne 2003. ISBN 978-3-8321-5629-9 .
- Hans Hollein : Exhibiting, setting up, setting down Considerations for the task of the Museum of Modern Art. Roland Burgard , Museum of Modern Art, series of publications by the Building Department on construction tasks in the city of Frankfurt am Main. The Magistrate of the City of Frankfurt am Main. Frankfurt am Main 1991.
- Jean-Christophe Ammann , Christmut Präger: Museum of Modern Art and Ströher Collection. Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 978-3-88270-464-8 .
- Peter Iden , Rolf Lauter : Pictures for Frankfurt. Inventory catalog of the Museum of Modern Art. Munich 1985, ISBN 978-3-7913-0702-2
- Rolf Lauter (Ed.): The Museum of Modern Art and the Ströher Collection. On the history of a private collection. Museum of Modern Art, December 5, 1994 to January 8, 1995, Frankfurt am Main, 1994. ISBN 3-7973-0585-0
- Heinrich Klotz : The new Frankfurt. In: Yearbook for Architecture, 1984.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Theresia Kiefer: Architecture and conception of a contemporary museum using the example of the Museum of Modern Art in Frankfurt am Main . 1995, p. 6.
- ^ Result for 'Realization competition Museum for Modern Art Frankfurt 1983'. WorldCat.org, accessed January 30, 2020 .
- ↑ Hans Hollein : Design principles of museum architecture, in: Peter Iden , Rolf Lauter . Images of Frankfurt . Munich, Prestel., ISBN 3-7913-0702-9 , pp. 7-9.
- ^ Peter Iden , Rolf Lauter : Hans Hollein , Museum of Modern Art, Frankfurt am Main: Publication for the topping-out ceremony on July 13, 1988 / Museum of Modern Art, Frankfurt am Main. Notes on the occasion of the roofing ceremony on July 13th 1988 , Frankfurt am Main 1988, OCLC 815880967 [1]
- ↑ Roland Burgard, Hochbauamt Bau Frankfurt am Main (ed.): Museum for Modern Art , (series of publications by the Hochbauamt on building tasks for the city of Frankfurt am Main), Frankfurt am Main. 1991 p. 86.
- ↑ Heiner Bastian : Joseph Beuys. Lightning strike with light on deer 1958–1985. Benteli, Bern 1989, ISBN 3-7165-0562-5 .
- ↑ Andreas Bee: Squeezed together between two book covers . In: Ten years of the Museum of Modern Art Frankfurt am Main . Cologne 2003 p. 8. ISBN 3-8321-5629-1
- ↑ Hans Hollein: Exhibiting, setting up, setting down. Reflections on the task of the Museum of Modern Art . in: Roland Burgard, Hochbauamt Bau Frankfurt am Main (Hrsg.): Museum für Moderne Kunst , (series of publications by the Hochbauamt on building tasks for the city of Frankfurt am Main), Frankfurt am Main. 1991, p. 16. OCLC 807394881
- ^ Theresia Kiefer: Architecture and conception of a contemporary museum using the example of the Museum of Modern Art in Frankfurt am Main. 1995, p. 24.
- ^ Theresia Kiefer: Architecture and conception of a contemporary museum using the example of the Museum of Modern Art in Frankfurt am Main . 1995, p. 13.
- ^ Heinrich Klotz : The new Frankfurt . In: Yearbook for Architecture, 1984, p. 4.
- ^ Theresia Kiefer: Architecture and conception of a contemporary museum using the example of the Museum of Modern Art in Frankfurt am Main. 1995, p. 5.
- ↑ Interview with Peter Iden in the Städel 2019. [2]
- ^ Rolf Lauter (Ed.): For Jean-Christophe Ammann , Festschrift for the 60th birthday, Societätsverlag, Frankfurt am Main, 2001. ISBN 978-3-7973-0789-7
- ^ Andreas Bee: Ten years of the Museum of Modern Art Frankfurt am Main . DuMont, Cologne 2003, ISBN 978-3-8321-5629-9 .
- ↑ A conversation with Susanne Gaensheimer: You have different plans than we do . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . June 20, 2008, ISSN 0174-4909 ( online [accessed March 8, 2017]).
- ↑ New director of the North Rhine-Westphalia Art Collection. In: We in NRW. The state portal. Ministry of Family, Children, Youth, Culture and Sport, March 7, 2017, accessed March 7, 2017 .
- ↑ The first presentation with some new acquisitions took place in 1981 in the Alte Oper Frankfurt. See: Manfred de La Motte, Walter E. Baumann (eds.): Phoenix. Old Opera, Frankfurt . Frankfurt am Main 1981. ISBN 3-9800579-0-9 .
- ^ Rolf Lauter (Ed.): The Museum of Modern Art and the Ströher Collection. On the history of a private collection, Museum of Modern Art, Frankfurt am Main, 1994. ISBN 978-3-7973-0585-5
- ↑ Peter Iden , Rolf Lauter , Dalla Pop Art Americana alla nuova figurazione: Opere del Museo d'arte moderna di Francoforte , Padiglione d'Arte Contemporanea, Milano 1987. ISBN 978-88-202-0763-2
- ↑ Art in the Towers. In: FAZ of September 25, 2013, p. 27.
- ↑ Tower MMK - TaunusTurm. MMK Museum for Modern Art.
Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 43.6 ″ N , 8 ° 41 ′ 6 ″ E