1979

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1979
Return of Ruhollah Khomeini to Iran
The beginning of the Islamic Revolution : Ruhollah Khomeini returns after 15 years in exile in Iran back
Annual dedications
United Nations : " International Year of the Child "
Bird of the year (Germany): Barn swallow
Word of the year : Holocaust
1979 in other calendars
From urbe condita 2732
Armenian calendar 1427-1428
Ethiopian calendar 1971-1972
Badi calendar 135-136
Bengali calendar 1385-1386
Berber calendar 2929
Buddhist calendar 2523
Burmese calendar 1341
Byzantine calendar 7487-7488
Chinese calendar
 - era 4675-4676 or
4615-4616
 - 60 year cycle

Earth horse ( 戊午 , 55) -
Earth sheep ( 己未 , 56)

French
revolutionary calendar
CLXXXVII - CLXXXVIII
187-188
Hebrew calendar 5739-5740
Hindu calendar
 - Vikram Sambat 2035-2036
 - Shaka Samvat 1901-1902
Iranian calendar 1357-1358
Islamic calendar 1399-1400
Japanese calendar
 - Nengō (era): Shōwa 54
 - Kōki 2639
Coptic calendar 1695-1696
Korean calendar
 - Dangun era 4312
 - Juche era 68
Minguo calendar 68
Modern Olympics XXI
Seleucid calendar 2290-2291
Thai solar calendar 2522

The year 1979 began with the expulsion of the Khmer Rouge from Cambodia by the invasion of Vietnamese troops, which had already begun the year before.

After that, the year was marked by the upheaval in Iran . The international media reported extensively on the escape of the Shah and the return of the Shiite religious leader Khomeini . The "Islamic Revolution" developed from the expulsion of the modernizing despot Pahlewi - the new rulers went on a confrontation with the USA, the power that supported the " Ancien Régime " the most. After the outbreak of the revolution, the Shah fled the country and went to the USA, where he underwent medical treatment. After some hesitation, President Carter let the overthrown ruler, with whom he had a close personal relationship, enter the country. The conflict culminated in the hostage crisis in November .

In Iran's neighboring country, Iraq , Saddam Hussein came to power within the ruling Ba'ath Party in July . The ideological differences between the two countries became even more acute about six months after the fall of the Shah regime. Developments in the Islamic world were of particular importance because 1979 corresponded to the year 1400 of the Islamic calendar, in which, according to many Muslims, the Mahdi should reveal itself and herald the beginning of the end times . This notion made the return of Khomeini in this year seem particularly significant to many Muslims and also represented the background to the occupation of the Great Mosque of Mecca on November 20th of that year - the eve of the Islamic New Year celebrations.

Under US mediation, Israel and Egypt ended their state of war , which had lasted since 1947 , recognized each other and Israel began to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula, which had been occupied since 1967 . In the British general election on May 3, 1979, the Conservatives emerged as the strongest party, Margaret Thatcher became the new Prime Minister. The main aim of their policies was to fight inflation , the UK trade deficit and the privatization of state-owned companies. On June 2, 1979, Pope John Paul II traveled to his native Poland for the first time. His advocacy of human dignity on Victory Square in Warsaw set an essential sign on the way to the collapse of the Eastern bloc .

When the Sandinista troops marched into Managua on July 19, the Somozas' dictatorship over Nicaragua ended after 35 years . The USA supported the resistance against the new rulers and so began two years later under Ronald Reagan the Contra War . The Lancaster House Agreement , signed in London on December 21, ended the white minority rule that had been in place since Rhodesia's unilateral declaration of independence in 1964 and declared Zimbabwe to be independent. In the last days of 1979, with the landing of Soviet troops in Kabul, the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan began .

Events

politics

January

February

March

April

May

Walter Scheel (1996), the predecessor of Karl Carstens (→ May 23)

June

Pope John Paul II's first trip to his native Poland

July

August

September

Flag of St. Lucia (1979 version)

October

November

December

Catalonia

science and technology

economy

Logo of the US sports television broadcaster ESPN

Culture

society

Postage stamp from the Deutsche Bundespost (1979): International Year of the Child

religion

Sports

For entries of athletics world records, see under the respective discipline under athletics .

Mountain K2

Disasters

Born

January

Christian Lindner, 2013
Sarah Kuttner, 2012

February

March

Pete Doherty
Adam Levine, 2007
Estela Giménez

April

May

Arne Friedrich

June

Aleš Pajovič

July

August

Jason Momoa (2017)
Kelis

September

Owen Pallett (2011)
Pink (2006)

October

November

December

Day unknown

Died

January

Tuffy Leemans

February

March

Dewey F. Bartlett

April

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

May

Barbara Hutton, 1931

June

Honored on the 100th birthday by a special postage stamp from Deutsche Post AG in 2009
John Wayne , 1963

July

Robert B. Woodward

August

Ernst Boris Chain

September

October

W. Chapman Revercomb

November

Immanuel Velikovsky

December

Cardinal Bengsch

Day unknown

Nobel Prizes

music

Band foundations

Album releases

Others

Web links

Commons : 1979  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/18/newsid_4226000/4226271.stm BBC "On this Day"