Just Muhammad Taraki

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Only Muhammad Taraki (born July 15, 1917 in Mukur , † October 9, 1979 in Kabul ) was an Afghan journalist, politician and prime minister. He was one of the founding members of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan and after its split in 1967 belonged to the Khalq branch of the party. He was murdered in 1979.

Life

Taraki was born in Kamkinawar, the son of a farmer from the Tarakai Ghilzai tribe. Kamkinawar is located on the eastern edge of the Mukur plateau. Taraki attended school in Mukur and worked as a servant on the side. At the age of 18 Taraki went to India and worked in what is now Mumbai as the secretary of the local representative of the Pathan Trading Company, which was founded in 1935 by merchants in Kandahar and specialized in the trade in dried fruits. There Taraki attended evening school to study Urdu and English .

In 1937 Taraki returned to Afghanistan and worked for Abdul Madschid Zabuli . In 1938 Taraki began studying at the Kabul Faculty of Law and Political Science, which had just opened. In all likelihood, he remained enrolled until 1941. After graduating with a degree in economics, Taraki worked in the Ministry of National Economy. He later took up a job as an employee of Radio Kabul and the Bachtar news agency and joined the Presidium for Press and Information. Taraki ran the news agency for a while in the late 1940s.

At that time, Taraki was a supporter and advocate of the political-literary movement Awakened Youth , which, however, disintegrated in 1950. Taraki wrote for Angar ( The Embers ), one of the newspapers of the various currents into which the movement had disintegrated. After only ten months, however, the end came for them. In the spring of 1953, Taraki went to the Afghan embassy in Washington DC as a press attaché for six months. With the appointment of Mohammed Daoud Khan, however, he resigned in November of the same year and declared at a press conference in New York that he would not return to Afghanistan since he feared that he would be shot because of his journalistic activities. He may have spent the next two years in Great Britain, where he planned to leave on the day of the press conference.

In 1956 Taraki returned to Kabul after Daud had embarked on a political rapprochement course with the Soviet Union and a number of political prisoners were released. In this climate, exiled Afghans like Taraki were able to return home. Taraki subsequently worked as a translator for the US embassy, ​​US AID and the UN mission in Kabul. He continued to work as a literary translator, translating works of classical Russian and Soviet literature into his mother tongue. He published numerous short stories. With his stories Taraki established a "new direction" in Pasthu literature, a. dealt with social inequality and injustice in Afghanistan.

In 1963, Taraki and Babrak Karmal considered forming a party and prepared for this step over the next two years. On January 1, 1965, the founding congress of the People's Democratic Party ( hizb-e demociq-e chalq , People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan ) took place in the Kabul district of Karta-e Tschar . Taraki was appointed general secretary of the party, knowing full well that official approval for the party would remain denied. However, in elections in September / August of that year, some party members succeeded in being elected to parliament, even if not as representatives of their party. The party organ Chalq (People), whose publisher was Taraki, appeared completely legal, however, and the then editor-in-chief Mohammad Hasan Bareq even later became Afghanistan's Minister of Culture and Information. However, the paper was banned on May 23, 1966 after being critical of the concept of private property. Until 1968, however, the party papers Dschumbesch and Rahnama were published underground and then briefly replaced by another legal publication.

During the 1969 election campaign, two rival factions developed: the Chalq under Taraki and the Partscham under Babrak. The Partscham faction supported Mohammed Daoud Khan when the republic was proclaimed in 1973, while the Chalq faction remained in the background. Daud Kahn got rid of the left wing in 1977, whereupon the two factions grew closer again and in all probability soon set about planning the overthrow of the Daud regime.

When on April 27, 1978 Mohammed Daoud Khan was deposed by a coup in the revolution of 7th Saur 1357 , Taraki took over the office of Chairman of the Revolutionary Council and Prime Minister on April 30, 1978. However, his colleague in the revolution, Hafizullah Amin , forced him to resign from his office in September 1979 and took it over himself. In October of the same year, the Kabul Times reported that Taraki had died of an illness. However, he was murdered on Amin's orders.

Publications

  • The lonely. 1962
  • Spin. 1959
  • Bang's journey. (Da Bang musafarat). Kabul: Pashto Tolana. 1336 (1958)
  • The farmer's daughter. 1958
  • Profit at home - profit in Lahore. 1956
  • My share. 1956
  • Samat's parents in: Kabul No. 414. 1956
  • Three meals. 1956
  • Dried beef . 1951
  • This is my merit. 1951

Sources and evidence

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Habibo Brechna: The history of Afghanistan: the historical environment of Afghanistan over 1500 years . vdf Hochschulverlag AG, 2005, ISBN 978-3-7281-2963-5 ( google.de [accessed on July 17, 2018]).
  2. ↑ 'Timeline: Soviet Was in Afghanistan' , BBC News, February 17, 2009, accessed December 15, 2018
  3. ↑ See Persian calendar .
  4. ↑ Rodric Braithwaite : Afgantsy. The Russians in Afghanistan 1979–1989 , Profile Books, London 2011, ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1 , pp. 72/73
personal data
SURNAME Taraki, only Muhammad
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Afghan journalist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH July 15, 1917
PLACE OF BIRTH Mukur
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1979
Place of death Kabul