Mohammed Nadir Shah

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
King Mohammed Nadir Shah
Mausoleum of Mohammed Nadir Shah

Mohammed Nadir Shah , ( Pashtun محمد نادر شاه; * April 10, 1883 in Dehradun (present-day India ); †  November 8, 1933 in Kabul ) was King of Afghanistan from 1929 until his assassination .

Nadir Shah had been Minister of War under Amanullah Khan and played a major role in the 1919 Afghan war against Great Britain that eventually led to the country's full independence. After his time as the Afghan ambassador to France, he fell from grace and remained in the country as an exile.

As descendants of a branch of Amanullah, Nadir Shah and three of his brothers (including Sardar Mohammed Haschim Khan , Sardar Mohammed Aziz Khan and Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan ) rose in 1929 to overthrow the briefly reigning King Habibullah Kalakâni . Habibullah had forced King Amanullah to abdicate with the help of a mutiny by some ulamas and tribal leaders and established a non- Pashtun rule. With British support, Habibullah was expelled from Kabul. Mohammed Nadir Shah was appointed king and immediately began with hasty programs for the economic and social modernization of the country, which led to the conflict with the Orthodox ulema . However, he played off the ethnic groups and had many people killed and arrested. This led to the murder by a student, a Hazara named Abdul Khaliq. After the assassination of Nadir Shah in 1933, Nadir's brothers appointed his son Mohammed Sahir Shah as his successor, for whom they reigned until 1953.

The dynasty that father and son founded is also called the Musahiban dynasty, after their branch of the Mohammedzai family (also Mohammadzai or Mohamedsai), a subclan of the Baraksai .

Web links

Commons : Mohammed Nadir Shah  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Habibo Brechna: The history of Afghanistan: The historical environment of Afghanistan over 1500 years . vdf Hochschulverlag AG, 2005, ISBN 978-3-7281-2963-5 ( google.de [accessed on August 17, 2018]).