1933
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1933 | |
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Adolf Hitler takes power in the German Reich . | Franklin D. Roosevelt treads the New Deal path . |
The Dachau concentration camp is the first concentration camp to open in Germany. |
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1933 in other calendars | |
Armenian calendar | 1381/82 (turn of the year July) |
Ethiopian calendar | 1925/26 (September 10-11) |
Baha'i calendar | 89/90 (March 20/21) |
Bengali solar calendar | 1338/39 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
Buddhist calendar | 2476/77 (southern Buddhism); 2475/76 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
Chinese calendar | 77th (78th) cycle
Year of the Water Tap 癸酉 ( since January 26th , before that Water Monkey壬申) |
Chuch'e ideology (North Korea) | Chuch'e 22 |
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1295/96 (turn of the year April) |
Dangun era (Korea) | 4266/67 (October 2/3) |
Iranian calendar | 1311/12 (around March 21) |
Islamic calendar | 1351/52 (April 25-26) |
Japanese calendar | 昭和Shōwa 8; Kōki 2593 |
Jewish calendar | 5693/94 (September 20-21) |
Coptic calendar | 1649/50 (September 10-11) |
Malayalam calendar | 1108/09 |
Minguo calendar (China) | Year 22 of the Republic |
Seleucid era | Babylon: 2243/44 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2244/45 (turn of the year October) |
Suriyakati Calendar (Thai Solar Calendar) | 2475/76 (April 1) |
Tibetan calendar | 1679 |
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1989/90 (turn of the year April) |
The politics of 1933 was shaped by the “ seizure of power ” by the National Socialists under Adolf Hitler in the German Reich and the associated end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of the “Third Reich” . Practically at the same time in Austria the time of the Austro-Fascist corporate state begins, with the so-called “ self- elimination of parliament ” by the Christian-social federal government under Engelbert Dollfuss , which leads to Italy (1922), Albania (1925), Poland (1926), Lithuania (1926) and Yugoslavia (1929) two other democracies that emerged shortly after the First World War fail in Europe.
In the German Reich, the National Socialists introduce the one-party system and, within a short period of time, begin terrorism against Jews, minorities and those who think differently and establish concentration camps , the first of which is the Dachau concentration camp .
After a staged referendum, Germany leaves the League of Nations , as does Japan , which reveals the blatant impotence of the international organization founded after the First World War to maintain peace.
Economically, the year is overshadowed by the global economic crisis that has persisted since 1929 . In the United States , newly elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt begins fighting the Great Depression with the New Deal .
Events
Politics and world events
chronology | |
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January 1st |
Switzerland : Edmund Schulthess becomes Federal President for the fourth time . Nicaragua : Juan Bautista Sacasa is introduced as president. |
January 2nd | Nicaragua : The last units of the United States Marine Corps are leaving the country after 20 years of occupation . |
January 4th | Weimar Republic : Adolf Hitler and Franz von Papen agree on preparations for taking over government. |
January 30th | German Reich : ( seizure of power ) Adolf Hitler is appointed Reich Chancellor. |
31 January | Empire : In Mössingen finds only major strike against the " seizure of power " Hitler instead. |
February 1st | German Empire: Reichstag dissolved by Reich President Paul von Hindenburg at Hitler's request |
3 February | Hitler's first address to commanders of the Reichswehr (aim of foreign policy: living space in the east and its ruthless Germanization ) - Liebmann recording |
February 4th | Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of the German People ; the basic rights of the Weimar constitution , in particular freedom of assembly and the press, are restricted |
20. February | Secret meeting of February 20, 1933 between Hitler and industrialists about financial support for the election campaign |
27th of February | Fire in the Reichstag on the night of February 28th |
February 28 | Reichstag fire ordinance |
3 March | German Reich: the chairman of the KPD, Ernst Thälmann is arrested. |
4th of March |
United States : Inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt as 32nd US President
Austria : “ Parliament shut itself off ”, beginning of Austrofascism German Reich: The SPD newspaper Vorwärts appears for the last time. |
5. March | German Reich: Reichstag elections , the NSDAP achieved over 43% of the vote. |
March 13th | Establishment of the Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda |
March, 15 | Austria: The National Council is prevented from meeting by the federal government by force of arms. |
March, 20th | The Dachau concentration camp is built. |
March 21st | German Empire: Day of Potsdam , State Act in the Garrison Church |
March 23 | The German Reichstag passes the Enabling Act . |
27th of March | Japan declares its withdrawal from the League of Nations . |
March 31 | Austria: The Dollfuss government bans the Republican Schutzbund .
Germany: In Reichsgesetzblatt is Lex van der Lubbe published a retroactively applicable criminal law for the Reichstag fire . |
April 1st : | Boycott of Jewish shops , law firms and medical practices organized by the National Socialists . |
7th of April | Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service |
7th of April | In the second law to bring the states into line with the Reich , the National Socialist government in Germany is empowered to appoint Reich governors . |
10th of April | Adolf Hitler declared May 1st as a "national labor holiday" to be a national holiday. |
26th of April | Decree of the acting Prussian interior minister Hermann Göring on the formation of the secret state police office |
April 29 | Hermann Göring founds the Reich Air Protection Association, which trains its members on air protection prevention, fire fighting , protection against gas attacks , first aid and reporting. |
2.May | Unions are banned. |
May 3rd | After the prohibition of workers' welfare , the National Socialist People's Welfare was founded in the Third Reich . |
10th of May |
Book burning of unpopular authors
Foundation of the German Labor Front and abolition of the right to strike |
17th of May | Adolf Hitler gives the "peace speech" in front of the Reichstag |
May 26 | Austria: Ban on the Communist Party |
May 27th | German Empire: Thousand Mark Block : A fee of 1,000 Reichsmark is required for every trip to Austria . |
20th June | Siam: Younger People's Party officers put a coup against Prime Minister Phraya Manopakorn Nititada . |
June 21st | German Reich: SA people start the terror of the Koepenick Blood Week . The following day the SPD is banned from any activity across Germany. |
October 14th | Joseph Goebbels declares the withdrawal of the German Reich from the League of Nations . At the same time, Germany is leaving the Geneva Disarmament Conference . |
October 29th | Spain: founding of the fascist Falange |
November 11th | Austria: The death penalty for murder , arson and " public violence through malicious damage to someone else's property " is reintroduced. |
November 12th | German Empire: Reichstag election according to the unified list and referendum on Germany's withdrawal from the League of Nations |
November 17th | The USA recognizes the Soviet Union , which has existed since the end of 1922, under international law. |
November 19th | Spain: The right-wing parties win the parliamentary elections, the previously ruling liberals and socialists suffer a crushing defeat. |
15th December | German Reich: Forced unification of the municipal umbrella organizations for the German Municipal Day |
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Ongoing events | |
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German Empire
Although the National Socialists suffered losses for the first time in the Reichstag elections on November 6, 1932, they did not succeed in establishing a stable government . The Papen cabinet was replaced by the Schleicher cabinet on December 3, 1932, with the support of President Paul von Hindenburg . Deeply disappointed by the “betrayal” of his former companion Kurt von Schleicher , Franz von Papen meets with Adolf Hitler on January 4th in the Cologne house of the banker Kurt Freiherr von Schröder for secret negotiations, during which they agree to take over government . This conversation was followed by others, most recently in the presence of the State Secretary of the Reich President Otto Meissner and the son of the Reich President Oskar von Hindenburg .
On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor by President Hindenburg. Hindenburg, who resisted for a long time, is reassured by the fact that an NSDAP leader who is "framed" by a conservative cabinet majority means little danger. Hitler then formed a so-called National Government made up of Conservatives, German Nationals and National Socialists . Von Papen becomes Vice Chancellor, the government includes only two other National Socialists besides Hitler, namely Wilhelm Frick as Minister of the Interior and Hermann Göring as Minister without Portfolio and acting Prussian Interior Minister.
On February 1, the Reichstag was dissolved by the Reich President at Hitler's request. The last free election on March 5th was an overwhelming success for the NSDAP , which received 43.9% of the vote. The convocation of the new Reichstag will be celebrated on March 21 with the day of Potsdam .
From the beginning of the seizure of power , the National Socialists began with the elimination of democracy and the synchronization of the Reich. The ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of the German People of February 4 restricts the basic rights of the Weimar Constitution , in particular freedom of assembly and the freedom of the press. On March 13, the Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda is founded under Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels . On March 23, the Reichstag passed the law to remedy the plight of the people and the Reich , which gave the Hitler government quasi dictatorial powers. Only the members of the SPD under Otto Wels vote against this law. With the laws of March 31 and April 7, the countries are deprived of their relative sovereign rights and Reich governors are appointed.
- February 3 : Hitler's first address to commanders of the Reichswehr (aim of foreign policy: living space in the east and its ruthless Germanization ).
- February 19 : At the rally Das Freie Wort in Berlin's Kroll Opera House , over 900 intellectuals with a democratic or anti-Nazi attitude protest against the National Socialists. Even before the end of the congress, “law enforcement officers” from the new rulers vacate the hall.
- February 20 : Hitler's secret meeting of February 20, 1933 with industrialists about financial support for the election campaign
- February 27 : On the night of February 28, the Reichstag building in Berlin burns : Marinus van der Lubbe is declared guilty. Reprisals and arrests are the result; Fundamental rights are abolished.
- February 28 : The emergency ordinance “For the protection of the people and the state” is issued ( Reichstag fire ordinance ).
- March 3 : Ernst Thälmann is arrested.
- March 4th : The last issue of the SPD-Blatt Vorwärts appears.
- March 5 : Reichstag election - result: NSDAP 43.9%, SPD 18.3%, KPD 12.3%, Center Party 11.2%, DNVP 8%.
- March 21 : The Dachau concentration camp is built.
- March 27 : The “ Stahlhelm Putsch ” takes place in Braunschweig . The aim is to eliminate the steel helmet in the Free State.
- March 31 : As one of the first German concentration camp , the concentration camp Wittmoor in Hamburg-Lemsahl-Mellingstedt opened.
- March 31 : In Reichsgesetzblatt is Lex van der Lubbe published a retroactively applicable law to Marinus van Lubbe, the alleged arsonists of the Reichstag fire, sentenced to death to be able to.
- April 1 : The National Socialists organize a boycott of Jewish shops , law firms and medical practices.

- April 7th : The law to restore the civil service is to create the possibility to remove Jewish and politically unpopular civil servants from the service. At the same time, the law on admission to the bar is being enacted with the same aim .
- April 10th : Adolf Hitler declared May 1st as a “national labor holiday” as a national holiday.
- April 26 : A decree by the acting Prussian Interior Minister Hermann Göring leads to the formation of the Secret State Police Office , the nucleus of the Gestapo, which was later expanded to include the entire Reich .
- May 1st : National Labor Day is celebrated as a public holiday.
- May 2 : The unions are banned in Germany. The SA occupies union houses and arrests members.
- May 10 : The National Socialists burn 20,000 books by unpopular authors on Opernplatz in Berlin ( book burning ).
- May 10 : The National Socialists found the German Labor Front as a unified association of workers and employers with the assets of the broken trade unions . The right to strike has also been abolished.
- May 27 : The German Reich government under Adolf Hitler wants to force the overthrow of the government under Engelbert Dollfuss with the thousand-mark block in Austria . For each trip to the neighboring country, a fee of 1,000 Reichsmarks is required from the tourist.
- May : The " leader principle " is introduced in the student associations by order of the Nazi leadership .
- June 21st : SA people start the terror of the Köpenick Blood Week . The following day the National Socialists forbade the SPD from any activity across Germany.
- July 3 : Following the seizure of power and the resulting DC circuit all sectors of society in the German Reich assume the Nazis with the founding of the Reich Radio Chamber control over broadcasting.
- July 4 : SS members murder eleven men after they had been tortured for hours. Immediately afterwards the act became internationally known as the " Rieseberg murders ".
- July 5 : After the loss of support from the Vatican and threats from the NSDAP, the German Center Party disbanded as the last bourgeois party after the National Socialist seizure of power.
- July 14th : The law against the formation of new political parties makes the NSDAP the only permitted political party and creates the legal basis for the later murders of the sick during the time of National Socialism and Action T4 .
- July 14 : The law on the revocation of naturalizations and the revocation of German citizenship allows naturalizations that took place after the November 1918 revolution to be revoked. The persons affected thereby lose their German citizenship . Reich citizens who are abroad can be deprived of their German citizenship due to their political behavior and their property confiscated.
- August 25 : In the German Reich Gazette is the first Ausbürgerungsliste according to the Law on the Revocation of Naturalization and the Deprivation of German Citizenship published.
- September 21 : The trial of the Reichstag fire begins before the IV Criminal Senate of the Reichsgericht in Leipzig . Marinus van der Lubbe and the communists Ernst Torgler , Georgi Dimitrov , Blagoi Popow and Wassil Tanew are charged with the crime .
- September 22nd : The 'Reich Chamber of Culture Act' is announced. The Reich Chamber of Culture soon became an important instrument of National Socialist cultural policy and the synchronization of all areas of cultural life, including the press.
- October 1 : The Nazi regime introduces Stew Sunday . The assumed household savings are collected as a solidarity contribution for the winter relief organization in the form of a donation of 50 pfennigs per household.
- October 14 : Joseph Goebbels declares the withdrawal of the German Reich from the League of Nations . At the same time, Germany is leaving the Geneva Disarmament Conference .
- November 12th : Reichstag election according to the unified list and referendum on Germany's withdrawal from the League of Nations .
- November 24th : The first German animal welfare law is passed.
- November 24th : The Customs Criminal Law provides for more severe penalties and the mandatory order of preventive detention for 'dangerous offenders'. It comes into force at the turn of the year.
- December 1 : The law to ensure the unity of party and state subjects Germany to a one-party system .
- December 15th : Forced unification of the municipal umbrella organizations for the German Municipal Day .
Austria
In Austria , on March 4, due to procedural inattention, the National Council had no quorum , which the Christian Social Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss used for a coup d'état by describing it as " parliamentary self-elimination ". When the National Council under the third National Council President, Sepp Straffner , wants to meet on March 15 to correct this procedural error, the members of parliament are prevented from meeting by the Austro-Fascist federal government with police force. Although a petition signed by over a million people calls on him to recall the Dollfuss government and to initiate new elections at the suggestion of an interim government appointed by him, the likewise Christian Social Federal President Wilhelm Miklas remains inactive, which enables Dollfuss to continue to rule dictatorially. On May 23, the Constitutional Court will also be prevented from meeting in full, thus abolishing the separation of powers in Austria.
First of all, the Christian Socials state that they only want to rule authoritatively for some time and that they want to change the rules of procedure of the National Council and reform the constitution in negotiations with the opposition. However, serious discussions about it never take place. Instead , the Dollfuss government dissolves the Social Democratic Republican Protection Association on March 31 and the Communist Party of Austria on May 26 by decree. On June 19, the NSDAP is also banned.
From April onwards, Dollfuss turned increasingly to Benito Mussolini for support against Germany , who in return emphatically demanded the final abolition of the party state. Dollfuss then announced the establishment of the corporate state in a speech at the Viennese trotting arena on September 11th . Since he is on Pope Pius XI. and whose social encyclical Quadragesimo calls anno , he is supported by the Catholic Church under Cardinal Theodor Innitzer . In a government reshuffle on September 20, party chairman Carl Vaugoin is ousted and Heimwehr leader Emil Fey is vice chancellor. Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg dissolves the home bloc and joins the Heimwehr in the Patriotic Front founded on May 20 , which claims sole representation for the entire Austrian population.
The KPÖ is banned on May 26th . On March 31, the Republican Protection Association is banned, and free thinkers also fall victim to the wave of bans. Although the NSDAP usually achieves less than 25% of the votes in municipal council elections, it causes unrest among the ruling VF with more than 40% in each of the elections in Zwettl and Innsbruck . A wave of Nazi supporters of terrorism also culminated in attacks in the first few weeks of June when four people were killed and 48 injured. The Austrian NSDAP is banned on June 19, 1933. The triggering moment is an attack with hand grenades in Krems . The Nazi terror decreased in the following months, but there were still five dead and 52 injured by the end of the year.
On October 3, Dollfuss was slightly injured by two gunshots by the National Socialist Rudolf Drtil . The assassin is sentenced to five years in prison, taking into account “mental inferiority”. By decree of November 10 which is effective the following day was legal process and with it the 1920 abolished the death penalty for murder , arson and " public violence by malicious destruction of property " reintroduced.
Spain
In Spain , the Second Republic managed to achieve a certain degree of stability in the course of the previous year, despite various uprisings and coup attempts. But an uprising in the Andalusian village of Casas Viejas in January, which was brutally suppressed by the government, led to a rapid deterioration in the country's climate and increased skepticism about the democratic form of government. Prime Minister Manuel Azaña creates a new paramilitary police force, the Guardia de Asalto (Assault Guard), to defend it against its enemies. General Emilio Mola becomes their commander-in-chief .
In September the governing coalition of liberals and socialists finally breaks up. In the subsequent elections on November 19 , in which women were also entitled to vote for the first time , the conservatives under Alejandro Lerroux won and formed a government with the right-wing autonomous Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas under José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones and the monarchist Renovación Española . The turnout is almost 60% because the left-wing disappointed workers abstained in large parts of the vote.
In the Teatro de la Comedia in Madrid , the fascist Falange Española is founded on October 29th . It is chaired by a group of three made up of the lawyer José Antonio Primo de Rivera , the pilot Julio Ruiz de Alda and the writer Alfonso García Valdecasas . The movement could gain around 2,000 members by the end of the year, mainly disappointed supporters of the traditional right-wing parties and students who come to the party through the Sindicato Universitario Español (SEU) student group founded in November .
Other events in Europe
- January 1 : Edmund Schulthess becomes Swiss Federal President for the fourth time .
- January: António de Oliveira Salazar , who was appointed Prime Minister last year, installs the PVDE ( Polícia de Vigilância e Defesa do Estado ) secret police in Portugal . In the same year, after a referendum, the new constitution of the Estado Novo comes into force.
- April 5 : The Norwegian occupation of East Greenland is declared illegal by the Permanent International Court of Justice in The Hague, leaving all of Greenland under Danish sovereignty.
- May 18 : Around 6,100 forced deportees are abandoned on an inhospitable river island in Ob near the town of Nasino without food, accommodation, household effects or tools. Hunger, privation and attempts to escape reduce the number of abandoned people to around 2000 by mid-August. Dozens of cases of cannibalism occur. Reports of the Nasino tragedy reach the leadership of the CPSU in September. It stops its extensive plans to deport people classified as "dangerous" or "anti-social" to so-called special settlements in order to turn them into outposts for the development of inhospitable areas of the Soviet Union. Instead, these people are shot or in the labor camps of the Gulag spent.
United States of America
In the United States , on March 4, the Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt is sworn in as the 32nd US President. He replaces the Republican Herbert Hoover , whom he hit like a landslide in the presidential election in November last year. It is the last regular inauguration of a US president on March 4th. This tradition, which has existed since the dawn of the USA, was replaced by January 20 with the second introduction of Roosevelt in 1937.
Roosevelt is most likely to be trusted to solve the predominantly economic problems. With the New Deal , an election promise that he began to implement immediately after being sworn in, the Great Depression was fought over the following years .
In terms of foreign policy, Roosevelt tries to dispel the impression of US imperialism . Immediately on his inaugural speech, he announced a good neighbor policy with Latin American countries and signed on December 26 together with his Foreign Minister Cordell Hull , the Montevideo Convention , which the United States distance from a policy of intervention in terms of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Take Corollary .
On March 23 , President Roosevelt signed what became known as the Cullen-Harrison Act to repeal the Volstead Act and permit the manufacture and sale of certain alcoholic beverages. On December 5th, the signing of the 21st amendment repealed the 18th amendment . The Prohibition in the United States , making it ended after nearly 15 years.
On November 17, the US government recognized the Soviet Union, which had existed since the end of 1922, under international law.
Nicaragua
In Nicaragua , the newly elected President Juan Bautista Sacasa will take office on January 1st. The last units of the United States Army left the country the very next day . They leave behind a national guard they built and trained, the Guardia Nacional de Nicaragua under the command of their confidante Anastasio Somoza García .
The assumption of office by the liberal Sacasa brings an end to the civil war that has been going on since 1927, because the insurgent General Augusto César Sandino testifies his loyalty to the new government and with his troops laid down arms, which in return received amnesty and land in the north of the country Jinotega .
Other events in America
- September 10 : Ramón Grau San Martín becomes the new head of state of Cuba .
- December 26th : In the Montevideo Convention , 19 states in America agree on the United States' policy of good neighborliness .
Asia
- March 27 : The Japanese Empire declares its withdrawal from the League of Nations in response to the Lytton Commission's report on the Mukden incident . The weakness of the League of Nations, which cannot counter the creation of a Japanese puppet state in Manchukuo , is blatant here .
- June 20 : In Siam (now Thailand ), younger officers of the People's Party put a coup against Prime Minister Phraya Manopakorn Nititada , who closed parliament a year after the constitutional monarchy was established and partially repealed the constitution.
- October 12 to 24 : The royalist Boworadet rebellion in Siam is violently suppressed.
- November 8 : A student murders Mohammed Nadir Shah , King of Afghanistan. His son Mohammed Sahir Shah succeeds the victim on the throne.
Australia
- April 8 : In a referendum in Western Australia, almost two thirds of the voters vote to leave the Australian Federation . However, the vote remains largely without consequences, as it is neither recognized by the Australian federal government nor by the British parliament.
economy
Great Depression
- June 2nd : An international conference begins in London, looking for ways out of the ongoing global economic crisis .
New Deal in the USA
- March 6 : President Franklin D. Roosevelt forbids banks to withdraw gold and trade foreign currency during the bank holidays . Three days later, the Emergency Banking Act allows the President to influence gold and foreign exchange trading.
- March 31 : President Roosevelt's signature of the Emergency Conservation Work launches the Civilian Conservation Corps , a job creation scheme for young unemployed people. The law empowers the federal government of the United States to send up to 250,000 young unemployed people from major cities to the areas hardest hit by soil erosion , where afforestation and windbreaks becomes the Civilian Conservation Corps' first job. The first participants will register on April 7th . The CCC workers are housed in work camps for one year , receive food, accommodation and a salary of at least $ 30 a month, of which $ 25 must be sent to family members in their home country. The army is responsible for the logistics.
- April 5 : With Executive Order 6102 is from May 1 of the banned gold privately owned .
- May 3 : Franklin D. Roosevelt appoints Nellie Tayloe Ross as first woman director of the United States Mint .
- May 18 : The Tennessee Valley Authority is established. Its primary role is to manage hydropower and river regulation facilities on the Tennessee River .
- June: The National Recovery Administration is established for a limited period of two years under the direction of Hugh S. Johnson .
Synchronization in Germany
- May 4th : Co-ordination of the large purchasing company Deutscher Consumvereine mbh (GEG), Hamburg.
- May 17th : Co-ordination of the consumer, building and savings association “Produktion” eGmbH, Hamburg
- September 28 : The state-approved Society for the Exploitation of Musical Copyrights (STAGMA) , renamed the Society for Musical Performance and Mechanical Reproduction Rights (GEMA) in 1947 , is granted a monopoly in Germany to exercise music performance rights.
- October 1st : The circulating 4-pfennig coin initiated by the German Chancellor Heinrich Brüning is declared invalid due to a lack of public acceptance.
- November 27th : The National Socialists set up an office for the beauty of work in Germany . It takes care of the creation of canteens, common rooms, works libraries as well as sports and sanitary facilities by companies. They are also encouraged to hold company sporting and social events.
Business start-ups
- May 20 : Türkiye Devlet Hava Yollari (now Turkish Airlines ) is founded and starts operating five aircraft from Istanbul.
- October 7 : The of a merger emerged airline Air France is produced in Le Bourget .
Others
- March 27th : Reginald Gibson and Eric Fawcett succeed in the industrial production of polyethylene , but the process only becomes economically interesting seven years later.
- July 1st : The Austrian inventor Gustav Tauschek applies to the German Reich Patent Office for patent protection for the drum storage system , which will later shape data storage for years .
- December: The Non-Sectarian Anti-Nazi League is founded in New York City with the aim of boycotting Germany against the economy.
science and technology
- April 7th : The law for the restoration of the civil service makes the until then world-leading physics faculty in Göttingen meaningless.
- July 17th : After successfully crossing the Atlantic, the Lithuanian research aircraft Lituanica crashes in Europe under unexplained circumstances .
- July 22nd : Wiley Post lands after the first solo flight around the world at Floyd Bennett Field in New York . He was on the road for seven days, 18 hours and 49 minutes and required eleven stopovers.
- August 3 : The French flying boat Blériot 5190 takes off on its maiden flight .
- August 17 : The Soviet Union is the GIRD-09 , the first rocket launched with fluid drive. A new chapter in the history of Russian aviation begins.
- August 18 : At the opening of the 10th radio exhibition in Berlin, the first people's receiver is presented.
- November 16 : The bush pilot Jimmie Angel rediscovered the Salto Ángel , the highest free-falling waterfall on earth in Venezuela .
- The Hungarian-American biochemist Albert von Szent-Györgyi Nagyrápolt identified vitamin C as an effective substance against scurvy .
- Andrei Nikolajewitsch Kolmogorow founded the modern probability theory with his treatise Basic Concepts of the Calculus of Probability .
Culture
Architecture and fine arts
- February: The British Modern Architectural Research Group ( MARS-Group ) is founded.
- August 13 : The architect Le Corbusier announces the Athens Charter .
- December 11 : The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art opens in Kansas City
Movie
- March 2 : The feature film King Kong from RKO Pictures by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack with Fay Wray in the lead role has its world premiere in New York City. Edgar Wallace , among others, worked on the script of the first King Kong film .
- March 31 : The controversial American fantasy comedy Gabriel Over the White House ( Between Today and Tomorrow ) has its world premiere.
- April 21st : Fritz Lang's film banned by the National Socialist Film Inspectorate in Berlin in the German Reich The Testament of Dr. Mabuse celebrates its premiere in Budapest.
- June 26th : The educational film is introduced as teaching material in schools by a decree of the National Socialist Prussian Minister of Education, Bernhard Rust .
- December 29 : In the US, the Laurel and Hardy film Sons of the Desert ( Sons of the Desert ) premiered. It becomes one of the ten most successful films in US theaters in 1934.
literature
- January to September: Isaac Bashevis Singer publishes his novel Satan in Goraj in sequels in the Polish literary magazine Globus , which Singer publishes together with his friend Aaron Zeitlin.
- October 26 : 88 writers publish a pledge of loyal allegiance to Adolf Hitler.
- December 23 : Right Ho, Jeeves ( Then do not, Jeeves ), the second novel by PG Wodehouse with the protagonist Bertie Wooster and his valet Jeeves , first appears as a serial story in the Saturday Evening Post
- Erich Kästner publishes the youth novel The flying classroom .
Music and theater
- January 2 : Design for Living comedy premieres in Cleveland , Ohio
- February 3rd : World premiere of the opera Gevatterin Tod by Rudolf Karel at the State Theater in Brno
- May 20 : World premiere of Howard Hansen's opera Merry Mount in Ann Arbor
- May 24th : The first performance of the musical comedy Beauberdes Fräulein by Ralph Benatzky takes place at the Deutsches Volkstheater in Vienna. The model for this is the French Schwank La petite Chocolatière by Paul Gavaults .
- June 7th : At the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris , the ballet with song The Seven Deadly Sins by Bertolt Brecht (libretto), Kurt Weill (music) and George Balanchine (choreography) with Lotte Lenya and Tilly Losch in the leading roles.
- September 30 : The world premiere of the operetta Two Hearts in Three-Four Time by Robert Stolz takes place in Zurich. The libretto is by Paul Knepler , Ignaz Michael Welleminsky and Robert Gilbert . It is based on the script for the film of the same name from 1930 by Walter Reisch and Franz Schulz .
- December 23 : The operetta Clivia by Nico Dostal based on the libretto by Charles Amberg is premiered at the Theater am Nollendorfplatz in Berlin . It is considered to be the composer's most successful work.
Others
- January 1st : The political cabaret Die Pfeffermühle opens in Munich.
- September 17th : The Blauring Association is founded in Switzerland as a counterpart to Jungwacht (since 1932 ).
society
- February 20 : The 21st Amendment to the Constitution is the Prohibition in the United States canceled. On December 5 Prohibition ends nationally, as with the 36th Utah State 21 Amendment to the Constitution ratified, making the necessary quota of 3/4 of the achieved (then 48) states. However, this amendment leaves it up to the states to continue prohibition in their sphere of influence.
- October 17 : Albert Einstein arrives in the United States as a refugee from Germany a
religion
- January 6th : Pope Pius XI. declares 1933 an extraordinary jubilee year in the bull Quod nuper .
- June 3 : In the encyclical Dilectissima nobis , Pope Pius XI laments . the church persecution in Spain.
- July 20 : The Holy See and Germany conclude the Reich Concordat .
Disasters
Holodomor

- March 29th : The journalists Gareth Jones , Malcolm Muggeridge and William Henry Chamberlin inform the world public about the extent of the Holodomor at a press conference organized by Paul Scheffer . This famine in Ukraine resulting from the forced collectivization in the Soviet Union killed around 3 to 4 million people in 1932 and 1933. During the same period, around 1.5 million people died in a famine in Kazakhstan .
earthquake
- March 2nd : The Shōwa-Sanriku earthquake off Japan's Sanriku coast has a magnitude of 8.4 on the moment-magnitude scale . A tsunami then hits the coast. In Japan around 3,000 houses are completely destroyed and another 2,000 are damaged, and around 3,000 people are killed. The tsunami also caused minor damage in Hawaii.
- March 11 : The Long Beach earthquake at the Newport-Inglewood Fault near the California city of Long Beach kills 115. The earthquake leads to the Field Act of 1933, a law that establishes earthquake-proof construction methods for public schools in California.
- August 25 : The Diexi earthquake , also known as the earthquake in Mao county , destroyed Diexi in the southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan and other surrounding villages in the southeast. Over 9,000 people are killed. The old place sinks into the Diexi Lake created by the landslide in the Min Jiang River .
More disasters and accidents
- February 10th : A gasometer explosion in Neunkirchen (Saar) claims about 68 victims and destroys large parts of the city .
- December 23 : The Lagny railway accident on the Lagny - Pomponne line in France kills 204 and injures 120. The express train Paris – Strasbourg joins the train to Nancy at a signal.
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .
Sports
- June 11 : Fortuna Düsseldorf becomes German soccer champion
- August 14th : Emilio Comici and two rope companions are the first to climb the difficult north face to the summit of the Großer Zinne in the Sexten Dolomites .
- September 3 : Yevgeny Mikhailovich Abalakov is the only expedition member to succeed in the first ascent of Stalin Peak , the highest mountain in the Soviet Union in the Pamirs .
- September 13th : SV Austria Salzburg is founded through the merger of the workers' club FC Rapid Salzburg with the civil club FC Hertha Salzburg.
- November 27th : The organization Kraft durch Freude is founded in National Socialist Germany .
Nobel Prizes
price | person | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nobel Price for physics |
Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961) |
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"For the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory" (further development of quantum mechanics) |
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Paul Dirac (1902-1984) |
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||
Nobel Prize in Chemistry | not awarded | |||
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866-1945) |
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"For his discoveries about the importance of chromosomes as carriers of inheritance" |
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Nobel Prize in literature |
Ivan Bunin (1870-1953) |
Stateless, residing in France (born in Voronezh , Russia )
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"For the strict artistry with which he represents the classic Russian line in prose" |
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Nobel Peace Prize (awarded in 1934) |
Norman Angell (1874-1967) |
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Member of the Executive Commission of the League of Nations and the National Peace Council |
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Born
January
- January 1 : Joe Orton , British playwright († 1967 )
- January 2 : Ian Axford , astrophysicist († 2010 )
- January 2nd : Eva Kerbler , Austrian actress
- January 2 : On Kawara , Japanese visual artist († 2014 )
- January 2 : Richard Riley , American politician
- January 2nd : Peter Ulmer , German lawyer
- January 3 : Maxie Wander , German photographer, journalist, screenwriter and writer († 1977 )
- January 4 : Ilia II , Georgian Orthodox Patriarch
- January 6th : Emil Steinberger , Swiss cabaret artist, writer, director and actor
- January 7th : Karl Heinrich Greune , German painter and graphic artist
- January 7 : Richard F. Kneip , American politician († 1987 )
- January 8 : Juan Marsé , Spanish writer († 2020 )
- January 9 : Helmut Schäfer , German politician
- January 9 : Wilbur A. Smith , British writer
- January 10 : Akira Miyoshi , Japanese composer († 2013 )
- January 12th : Johanna Anderka , German writer and poet
- January 12 : Kamal al-Ganzuri , Egyptian Prime Minister
- January 16 : Ivan Chtcheglov , French artist, activist and poet († 1998 )
- January 16 : Susan Sontag , American writer, essayist and publicist († 2004 )
- January 17th : Sadruddin Aga Khan , Persian-French-Swiss UN High Commissioner for Refugees († 2003 )
- January 17th : Dalida , French singer and actress († 1987 )
- January 17 : Nat Finkelstein , American photographer († 2009 )
- January 18 : Emeka Anyaoku , Nigerian Secretary General of the Commonwealth of Nations
- January 18 : Benno Artmann , German mathematician († 2010 )
- January 18 : John Boorman , British director, screenwriter, producer
- January 18 : Jean Vuarnet , French ski racer († 2017 )
- January 20 : Earl Grant , American singer and guitarist († 1970 )
- January 20 : Don Thompson , British athlete and Olympic champion († 2006 )
- January 21 : Lauro Toneatto , Italian football player and coach († 2010 )
- January 22nd : Hans-Jürgen Hinrichs , German handball player and sports official († 2015 )
- January 23 : Bill Hayden , Australian politician
- January 23 : Chita Rivera , American actress and dancer
- January 23 : Joel Spiegelman , American composer
- January 24th : Hermann Ammon , German professor
- January 24th : Johannes Fischer , German church musician and composer († 2005 )
- January 24th : Erwin Waldner , German soccer player († 2015 )
- January 25 : Corazon Aquino , President of the Philippines († 2009 )
- January 26 : Javier Lozano Barragán , Bishop of Zacatecas and Cardinal
- January 26 : Rubens Bassini , Brazilian percussionist († 1985 )
- January 26th : Hans Petermandl , Austrian pianist
- January 26 : Eldar Schengelaia , Georgian film producer and politician
- January 27 : Brigitte Antonius , Austrian actress
- January 28 : Bruno Modugno , Italian director and writer († 2020 )
- January 28 : Dieter Wellmann , German church musician and composer
- January 29th : Sacha Distel , French chansonnier and composer († 2004 )
- January 31 : Joseph D. Early , American politician († 2012 )
- January 31 : Joachim Herrmann , German legal scholar
February
- February 1 : Wendell Anderson , American politician († 2016 )
- February 1 : Buddhadev Das Gupta , Indian musician († 2018 )
- February 1 : Rosemarie Nitribitt , German prostitute († 1957 )
- February 1st : Sadao Watanabe , Japanese jazz saxophonist
- February 2 : Horst Armbrust , German politician
- February 2 : Orlando López , Cuban musician († 2009 )
- February 2 : Than Shwe , Generalissimo and former Head of State of Myanmar
- February 3 : Varetta Dillard , American rhythm and blues singer († 1993 )
- February 3 : John Edmondson , American composer († 2016 )
- February 3 : John Handy , American jazz saxophonist
- February 3 : Paul Sarbanes , American politician
- February 3 : Heinrich Übleis , Austrian lawyer and politician (SPÖ) († 2013 )
- February 4 : Mary Frank , American painter and sculptor
- February 4 : Hans Schumi , Austrian politician († 2017 )
- February 5 : Jack Aspinwall , British politician († 2015 )
- February 5 : Miloš Milutinović , Yugoslav football player and coach († 2003 )
- February 6 : Hans Haberhauffe , German handball player, handball and soccer coach († 2015 )
- February 6 : Claus Leitzmann , German nutritionist
- February 7th : Alfred Döring , German athlete
- February 8 : Elly Ameling , Dutch soprano
- February 8 : Georg Sperber , German forest official and forest scientist
- February 8 : Josef Taus , Austrian business lawyer, manager and politician
- February 10 : Gottfried Arnold , German politician, Member of the Bundestag († 2015 )
- February 12 : Costa-Gavras , Greek director
- February 12 : Christel Merian , German actress and voice actress († 2012 )
- February 12 : Carlos Alberto Peronace , Argentine chess problem composer († 1990 )
- February 13 : Roberto Amadei , Italian church historian and bishop († 2009 )
- February 13 : Paul Biya , President of Cameroon
- February 13 : Kim Novak , American film actress
- February 14 : Míla Myslíková , Czech actress († 2005 )
- February 14 : Robert Shea , American writer († 1994 )
- February 15 : Kelvin Edward Cardinal Felix , Archbishop Emeritus of Castries
- February 15 : Günter Schluckebier , German politician, Member of the Bundestag († 2002 )
- February 16 : Yoshishige Yoshida , Japanese film director and screenwriter
- February 17 : Karl S. Guthke , German-American German studies specialist
- February 18 : Vincenzo Consolo , Italian writer († 2012 )
- February 18 : Gerhard Frey , German publisher and politician († 2013 )
- February 18 : Julius Louven , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- February 18 : Yoko Ono , Japanese-American artist and singer
- February 18 : Bobby Robson , British football player and coach († 2009 )
- February 18 : Gerhard Rödding , German theologian and politician
- February 20 : Charles Kynard , American church organist and Hammond organ player († 1979 )
- February 20 : Humberto Maschio , Argentine-Italian soccer player
- February 20 : Paul Söding , German physicist
- February 21 : Bob Rafelson , American film director
- February 21 : Nina Simone , jazz and blues singer, pianist and songwriter († 2003 )
- February 22nd : Katharine, Duchess of Kent , member of the British royal family
- February 22nd : Christopher Ondaatje , British-Canadian writer and former entrepreneur
- February 22nd : Peter Rohland , German songwriter and singer († 1966 )
- February 23 : Oskar Roth , German basketball and handball player († 2019 )
- February 26th : María Victoria , Mexican singer
- February 27 : Raymond Berry , American football player and coach
- February 27 : Albert Caspers , German manager and football official († 2015 )
- February 27 : Edward Lucie-Smith , Jamaican-British poet, journalist and art historian
- February 27 : Marek Mietelski , Polish pianist and music teacher
- February 27 : Hans Hermann Reschke , German manager and politician
- February 27 : Livio Vacchini , Swiss architect († 2007 )
March
- March 1 : Alan Ameche , American football player († 1988 )
- March 1st : István Láng , Hungarian composer
- March 1 : Jakob Maria Mierscheid , fictional German Bundestag member of the SPD
- March 1 : Dietrich Sperling , German politician
- March 2 : Robert Abbott , American game designer († 2018 )
- March 2 : Anthea Askey , British actress († 1999 )
- March 2 : Werner Freund , German wolf researcher († 2014 )
- March 2 : Nobuyoshi Tamura , Japanese Aikidō Grand Master († 2010 )
- March 3 : Gerhard Mayer-Vorfelder , German sports official and politician († 2015 )
- March 3 : Alfredo Landa , Spanish actor and comedian († 2013 )
- March 3 : Marco Antonio Muñiz , Mexican singer
- March 4th : Ann Burton , Dutch jazz singer († 1989 )
- March 4th : Nino Vaccarella , Italian racing car driver
- March 5 : Don L. Anderson , American geophysicist († 2014 )
- March 5 : Tom Louderback , American football player and entrepreneur
- March 5 : Walter Kasper , German cardinal
- March 5 : Yevgeny Vasyukov , Soviet-Russian chess grandmaster († 2018 )
- March 6 : Willy Schäfer , German actor († 2011 )
- March 7th : Hannelore Kohl , wife of the former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl († 2001 )
- March 9 : Reinhard Lettmann , Bishop of Münster († 2013 )
- March 9 : William Francis McBeth , American composer and conductor († 2012 )
- March 11 : Jesús Gil , Spanish politician, entrepreneur and football official († 2004 )
- March 11 : Roman Suchecki , Polish cellist and music teacher († 2003 )
- March 12 : Barbara Feldon , American actress
- March 13 : Hans Katschthaler , Austrian governor († 2012 )
- March 13 : William Kimberly , American racing car driver
- March 13 : Mike Stoller , American songwriter and record producer
- March 13 : Gero von Wilpert , German author and literary scholar († 2009 )
- March 14th : Michael Caine , British actor
- March 14 : René Felber , Swiss politician
- March 14 : Quincy Jones , American music, television, and film producer and musician
- March 14 : Helmut Leherb , Austrian painter († 1997 )
- March 14 : Cornelius Weiss , German scientist and politician
- March 15 : Philippe de Broca , French film director († 2004 )
- March 15 : Milan V. Dimić , Serbian-Canadian literary scholar († 2007 )
- March 16 : Dieter Wellershoff , General Inspector of the German Bundeswehr († 2005 )
- March 16 : Jörg Ewald Dähler , Swiss conductor, harpsichordist and composer († 2018 )
- March 17 : Heather Armitage , British athlete and Olympian
- March 17th : Bruno Horst Bull , German writer
- March 18 : Severino Poletto , Archbishop and Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
- March 19 : Philip Roth , American writer († 2018 )
- March 20 : Michael Pflegehar , German director († 1991 )
- March 20 : Henryk Muszyński , Polish Archbishop
- March 20 : Azeglio Vicini , Italian football coach († 2018 )
- March 21 : Fritz Wittmann , German politician († 2018 )
- March 21 : Addi Furler , German sports journalist († 2000 )
- March 21 : Karl-Eugen Rehfuess , German soil and forest scientist
- March 21 : Suehiro Tanemura , Japanese German studies specialist, translator and literary critic († 2004 )
- March 22nd : Florian Kuntner , Austrian bishop († 1994 )
- March 22 : Michel Hidalgo , French football player and football coach († 2020 )
- March 22nd : Eveline Hasler , Swiss writer
- March 23 : John Taylor , British racing driver († 1966 )
- March 23 : Philip Zimbardo , American social psychologist
- March 26th : Tinto Brass , Italian director, producer and screenwriter
- March 25 : Peter Ehrlich , German actor and director († 2015 )
- March 27 : Gino Pivatelli , Italian football player and coach
- March 28 : Juan Sandoval Íñiguez , Archbishop of Guadalajara and Cardinal
- March 29th : Bruno Basini , French racing car driver
- March 29 : Hermann von Berg , German publicist and secret diplomat of the GDR († 2019 )
- March 30th : Jean-Claude Brialy , French actor and director († 2007 )
- March 30 : Braulio Castillo , Puerto Rican actor († 2015 )
- March 31 : Anita Carter , American country and folk singer († 1999 )
- March 31 : Gerhard Ruhbach , German theologian and church historian († 1999 )
April
- April 1 : Bengt Holbek , Danish folklorist († 1992 )
- April 1 : Claude Cohen-Tannoudji , French physicist
- April 1 : Dan Flavin , American artist († 1996 )
- April 2 : György Konrád , Hungarian writer († 2019 )
- April 3 : Horst-Ludwig Riemer , German politician († 2017 )
- April 4th : Frits Bolkestein , Dutch politician
- April 5 : Frank Gorshin , American actor († 2005 )
- April 7 : John Hine , British racing driver († 2020 )
- April 7 : Wayne Rogers , American actor († 2015 )
- April 7 : Johannes Schaaf , German director and actor († 2019 )
- April 9th : Jean-Paul Belmondo , French film and stage actor
- April 9 : Gian Maria Volonté , Italian actor († 1994 )
- April 9 : René Burri , Swiss photographer († 2014 )
- April 11th : Hermann Amborn , German ethnologist
- April 12 : Montserrat Caballé , Spanish singer (soprano) († 2018 )
- April 12 : Günther Eisenreich , German mathematician († 2015 )
- April 12 : Walter Flowers , American politician († 1984 )
- April 12 : Michael Petzet , German monument conservator († 2019 )
- April 13 : Ben Nighthorse Campbell , American politician
- April 13 : Sergio Donati , Italian screenwriter and writer
- April 14 : Kurt Huemer , Austrian singer and actor († 2005 )
- April 14th : Elenita Santos , Dominican singer
- April 14th : Diane Schöler , table tennis player
- April 14 : Morton Subotnick , American avant-garde musician and composer
- April 15 : Manfred Bogisch , German historian
- April 15 : Roy Clark , American country musician († 2018 )
- April 15 : David Hamilton , British art photographer († 2016 )
- April 15 : Elizabeth Montgomery , American film actress († 1995 )
- April 16 : Francesco Amirante , Italian lawyer
- April 16 : Ludwig Haas , German actor
- April 16 : Karl Blecha , Austrian politician
- April 16 : Ewald Eberle , Liechtenstein ski racer
- April 17th : Loris Chobanian , Armenian-American composer, conductor, guitarist and music teacher
- April 17 : Joachim Kroll , German serial killer († 1991 )
- April 18 : Hans-Peter Blume , German soil scientist
- April 18 : Maria-Christine von Urach , German mechanical engineer († 1990 )
- April 19 : Jayne Mansfield , American film actress († 1967 )
- April 20 : Karl Nendel , Deputy Minister for Electrical Engineering / Electronics of the GDR († 2019 )
- April 24 : William Garrett , American racing car driver († 1999 )
- April 24 : Helmuth Lohner , Austrian actor, director († 2015 )
- April 24 : Francesco Valdambrini , Italian composer and music teacher († 2007 )
- April 24 : Raúl Velasco , Mexican television presenter and producer († 2006 )
- April 25 : Jerry Leiber , music producer († 2011 )
- April 26 : Arno Penzias , American physicist
- April 27 : Bob Bondurant , American racing car driver
- April 29th : Rod McKuen , American singer-songwriter, poet and composer († 2015 )
- April 29 : Willie Nelson , American country singer and songwriter
- April 30th : Adriana Asti , Italian actress
- April 30th : Reinhold Johannes Buhl , German musician
May
- May 1 : Wayne Williams , American rockabilly musician
- May 2 : Harry Woolf , Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (2000–2005)
- May 3 : James Brown , American musician, dancer and singer, Godfather of Soul († 2006 )
- May 3 : Steven Weinberg , American physicist
- May 5 : Dimitris Tsatsos , Greek legal scholar († 2010 )
- May 7th : Axel Corti , Austrian director († 1993 )
- May 7 : Martin Metz , Romanian-German church musician and composer († 2003 )
- May 7th : Nexhmije Pagarusha , Albanian singer († 2020 )
- May 8 : Elio Boncompagni , Italian orchestra leader († 2019 )
- May 11 : Louis Farrakhan , Afro-American leader of the Nation of Islam movement
- May 11 : Joe Hembus , German film critic († 1985 )
- May 11th : Aníbal de Peña , Dominican singer, pianist and composer
- May 13 : Alfonsas Andriuškevičius , Lithuanian mathematician and politician
- May 13 : Sid Morrison , American politician
- May 14 : Michael Chevalier , German actor and voice actor († 2006 )
- May 15 : Marianne Hold , German actress († 1994 )
- May 15 : Jūzō Itami , Japanese actor and film director († 1997 )
- May 15 : Ronald Roseman , American oboist, music teacher and composer († 2000 )
- May 18 : HD Deve Gowda , Prime Minister of India
- May 18 : Raúl Iglesias , Cuban pianist and music teacher († 2004 )
- May 19 : Antón García Abril , Spanish composer and music teacher
- May 21 : Maurice André , French trumpeter († 2012 )
- May 21 : Fernand Tavano , French racing car driver († 1984 )
- May 23 : Joan Collins , British actress, model and author
- May 23 : Ove Fundin , Swedish track athlete
- May 23 : Alberto Natusch Busch , Bolivian military and state president († 1994 )
- May 23 : Ceija Stojka , Austrian writer and artist († 2013 )
- May 25 : Lo Man Kam , Wing Chun fighter and teacher
- May 25th : Amanda Guerreño , Argentine composer
- May 26 : Rudi Falkenhagen , Dutch actor. († 2005 )
- May 26th : Jean Graczyk , French cyclist († 2004 )
- May 26 : Walter Reichert , German motorcycle racer († 1999 )
- May 28 : Ursula Am Ende , German actress
- May 29 : Tarquinio Provini , Italian motorcycle racer († 2005 )
- May 29 : Helmuth Rilling , German conductor and teacher
- May 30 : Winfried Zehetmeier , German freelance artist and local politician († 2019 )
- May 30th : Sergio Citti , Italian film director, screenwriter and actor († 2005 )
- May 31 : Norbert Leser , Austrian social philosopher († 2014 )
June
- June 1 : Charlie Wilson , American politician († 2010 )
- June 3 : Isa bin Salman Al Chalifa , Emir of Bahrain († 1999 )
- June 3 : Manuel de Anchorena , Argentine diplomat († 2005 )
- June 4th : Carlota Alfaro , Puerto Rican fashion designer
- June 4 : Richard Askey , American mathematician († 2019 )
- June 4th : Jean-Claude Aubriet , French racing car driver
- June 4th : Godfried Danneels , Archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels and Cardinal († 2019 )
- June 4 : Lisandro Otero , Cuban writer († 2008 )
- June 4th : Amand Schwantge , German horn player († 2006 )
- June 5 : William Kahan , Canadian mathematician and computer scientist
- June 5 : Per Ung , Norwegian sculptor († 2013 )
- June 5 : Bata Živojinović , Serbian actor, cabaret artist and theater actor († 2016 )
- June 6 : Heinrich Rohrer , Swiss physicist († 2013 )
- June 7 : Jón Laxdal , Icelandic actor and director († 2005 )
- June 8 : John R. Harrison , American journalist
- June 9 : Robert Maus , German politician
- June 10 : Milena Hübschmannová , Czech Indologist and founder of Czech Romance Studies († 2005 )
- June 10 : Asaf Jah VIII. , Indian nobleman
- June 10 : Tex Lecor , Canadian singer-songwriter, presenter and painter († 2017 )
- June 11 : Josef Paul Kleihues , German architect († 2004 )
- June 11 : Walther Zügel , German bank manager
- June 11 : Harald Szeemann , Swiss curator, head of the Berner Kunsthalle († 2005 )
- June 11 : Gene Wilder , American actor († 2016 )
- June 12 : Eddie Adams , American photojournalist († 2004 )
- June 12 : Savarinathan Michael Augustine , Indian clergyman and archbishop († 2017 )
- June 12 : Morton A. Brody , American lawyer († 2000 )
- June 13 : Karl-Heinz Ahlheim , German chess composer († 1996 )
- June 13 : Peter Bickhardt , representative of the church opposition movement in the GDR († 2018 )
- June 13 : Mindaugas Maksimaitis , Lithuanian legal historian
- June 14 : Jerzy Kosiński , American author († 1991 )
- June 14 : Svetlin Russew , Bulgarian painter († 2018 )
- June 15 : Thomas Lenk , German sculptor († 2014 )
- June 16 : George McCormick , American country musician († 2018 )
- June 16 : Willy Weber , Swiss sculptor († 1998 )
- June 17 : H. Guy Hunt , American politician († 2009 )
- June 17 : Maurice Stokes , American basketball player († 1970 )
- June 17 : Roderick Paige , American education politician
- June 18 : Nossrat Peseschkian , Iranian-German neurologist, psychiatrist and physician († 2010 )
- June 19 : Otto Barić , Croatian and Austrian national soccer coach
- June 19 : Viktor Pazajew , Soviet cosmonaut († 1971 )
- June 20 : Lorenz Niegel , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 2001 )
- June 20 : Danny Aiello , American actor († 2019 )
- June 21 : John Cannon , Canadian racing driver († 1999 )
- June 21 : Ron Grable , American racing driver († 2018 )
- June 21 : Siegfried Lorenz , German hammer thrower
- June 22nd : Hans Werner Dannowski , German Protestant theologian († 2016 )
- June 22nd : Libor Pešek , Czech conductor
- June 22nd : Dianne Feinstein , US politician
- June 23 : Hans-Joachim Scheel , German motorcycle racer and doctor († 2015 )
- June 24th : Fritz Auer , German architect and university professor
- June 25 : Álvaro Siza Vieira , Portuguese architect
- June 26 : Claudio Abbado , Italian conductor († 2014 )
- June 26 : Enrique Arocena Olivera , Uruguayan economic historian
- June 26 : Peter Michel Ladiges , German radio play director († 2004 )
- June 26 : Renato Pirocchi , Italian racing car driver († 2002 )
- June 29 : John Bradshaw , American Catholic theologian, philosopher, psychologist, psychotherapist and author († 2016 )
- June 29 : Peter Kafka , German physicist († 2000 )
- June 30th : Derek Bentley , victim of the British judiciary († 1953 )
- June 30 : John Button , Australian lawyer and politician († 2008 )
July
- July 2 : David Lewin , American music theorist, musicologist, pianist and composer († 2003 )
- July 3 : Alexandar Fol , Bulgarian historian and thracologist († 2006 )
- July 4th : Józef Stompel , Polish pianist and music teacher
- July 5th : Michael Heltau , German actor and chansonnier
- July 6th : Henry Anglade , French cyclist
- July 6th : Jean-Pierre Mocky , French film director and film actor († 2019 )
- July 7th : Gerhard Franke , German soccer player († 1997 )
- July 7th : Murray Halberg , New Zealand athlete
- July 7th : Toon Brusselers , Dutch football player († 2005 )
- July 9 : Arnfrid Astel , German poet († 2018 )
- July 9 : José Libertella , Italian-French bandoneon player, composer and arranger († 2004 )
- July 9 : Elem Klimow , Russian film director († 2003 )
- July 9 : Oliver Sacks , British-American neurologist and author of popular science books († 2015 )
- July 10 : Peter Jankowitsch , Austrian politician and diplomat
- July 10 : Jumpin 'Gene Simmons , American country, rockabilly and rock' n 'roll musician († 2006 )
- July 11 : Ernst Jacobi , German actor
- July 11 : Frank B. Kelso , American naval officer († 2013 )
- July 13 : Piero Manzoni , Italian artist, is considered a pioneer of conceptual art († 1963 )
- July 14th : Franz von Bayern , head of the House of Wittelsbach
- July 15 : Julian Bream , British guitarist († 2020 )
- July 16 : Gerd Hammes , German composer and trombonist
- July 16 : Heinz Dürr , German entrepreneur and manager
- July 17th : Ben Riley , American jazz drummer († 2017 )
- July 18 : Alicia Steimberg , Argentine writer and translator († 2012 )
- July 18 : Jean Yanne , French actor († 2003 )
- July 20 : José Vicente Asuar , Chilean composer († 2017 )
- July 20 : Buddy Knox , American singer and songwriter († 1999 )
- July 20 : Cormac McCarthy , American novelist
- July 20 : Herman-Hartmut Weyel , German local politician
- July 20th : Rex Williams , English snooker player and world champion in English billiards
- July 21 : John Gardner , American writer and translator († 1982 )
- July 21 : Brigitte Reimann , German writer († 1973 )
- July 21 : Hans-Henning von Sandrart , German General († 2013 )
- July 22nd : Hugo Assmann , Brazilian theologian († 2008 )
- July 23 : Raimund Abraham , Austrian-American architect († 2010 )
- July 23 : Richard Rogers , British architect
- July 24 : John Aniston , Greek-American film and stage actor
- July 25 : Georgi Atanasov , Bulgarian politician
- July 27th : Marlene Ahrens , Chilean athlete and Olympian († 2020 )
- July 27 : Yüksel Arslan , Turkish-French artist († 2017 )
- July 27 : Chris Lawrence , British racing car driver and racing car designer († 2011 )
- July 29th : Erich Ahrendt , German javelin thrower († 2009 )
- July 30th : Irene Ruttmann , German writer
- July 31 : Cees Nooteboom , Dutch writer
August
- August 1st : Sheldon Adelson , American entrepreneur
- August 1st : Gilles Boizard , French composer († 1987 )
- August 1 : Dom DeLuise , American actor († 2009 )
- August 3 : Philippe Bonzon , Swiss writer
- August 4th : Lothar Knörzer , German athlete
- August 4th : Sonny Simmons , American jazz musician
- August 5th : Leonore Auerbach , German politician
- August 5th : Erna Waßmer , Bavarian folk actress († 2016 )
- August 6 : Ulrich Biesinger , German soccer player († 2011 )
- August 6 : Suchinda Kraprayoon , Prime Minister of Thailand
- August 7 : Elinor Ostrom , American political scientist and Nobel Prize winner († 2012 )
- August 10 : Doyle Brunson , American poker player
- August 11 : Tamás Vásáry , Hungarian pianist and music teacher
- August 12 : Anita Gradin , Swedish politician
- August 13 : Bob Attersley , Canadian politician and ice hockey player († 2010 )
- August 16 : Reiner Kunze , German writer
- August 16 : Reiulf Steen , Norwegian politician († 2014 )
- August 17 : Nando Angelini , Italian actor († 2020 )
- August 17 : Gerhard Commichau , German lawyer († 2019 )
- August 17th : Tom Courtney , American middle-distance runner and Olympic champion
- August 17 : Gene Kranz , NASA flight director for the Gemini and Apollo programs
- August 18 : Waltraud Ahrndt , German writer and translator († 1999 )
- August 18 : Just Fontaine , French football player
- August 18 : Roman Polański , Polish film director and actor
- August 18 : Franz Buggle , German psychologist and critic of religion († 2011 )
- August 19 : Debra Paget , American actress
- August 20 : Isabel Ercilla Avellán de Neefe , Argentine athlete
- August 21 : Janet Baker , English mezzo-soprano
- August 21 : Zbigniew Bujarski , Polish composer († 2018 )
- August 21 : Michael Dacher , German mountaineer († 1994 )
- August 22nd : Michael von Albrecht , classical philologist
- August 22 : Sylva Koscina , Italian actress of Yugoslav origin († 1994 )
- August 22nd : Mike McKee , British racing driver and gallery owner
- August 22 : Irmtraud Morgner , German writer († 1990 )
- August 23 : Manfred Donike , German cyclist and chemist († 1995 )
- August 23 : Robert F. Curl , American chemist
- August 23 : Pete Wilson , American politician
- August 25th : Franco Angioni , Italian general and politician
- August 25 : Roberto De Simone , Italian composer, theater man, author
- August 25 : Wayne Shorter , American jazz saxophonist and composer
- August 26th : Rainer Erler , German author, director and film producer
- August 26 : Ida Gotkovsky , French composer and pianist
- August 27 : Kerstin Ekman , Swedish writer
- August 29 : Alan Stacey , English Formula 1 racing driver († 1960 )
- August 29 : Arnold Koller , Swiss politician (CVP)
- August 30 : Don Getty , Canadian politician and football player († 2016 )
- August 31 : Kirsten Walther , Danish actress († 1987 )
September
- September 1 : Conway Twitty , American singer († 1993 )
- September 2 : Mathieu Kérékou , President of Benin († 2015 )
- September 3 : Roland Kayn , German composer († 2011 )
- September 5th : Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa , Chilean Archbishop, Roman Catholic Cardinal
- September 6 : Buzz Busby , American rockabilly and bluegrass musician († 2003 )
- September 8th : Walter Basano , Italian coachbuilder and automobile designer
- September 8th : Asha Bhosle , Indian playback singer
- September 8 : Lea Foli , Canadian violinist and music educator
- September 8 : Michael Frayn , English writer
- September 8 : Bob Garretson , American racing car driver and team owner
- September 8 : Eric Salzman , American composer († 2017 )
- September 9 : Anna Arfelli Galli , Italian doctor and psychologist († 2019 )
- September 10 : Hanna Aroni , Israeli singer
- September 10 : Yevgeny Khrunov , Soviet cosmonaut († 2000 )
- September 10 : Karl Lagerfeld , German fashion designer († 2019 )
- September 11th : Nicola Pietrangeli , Italian tennis player
- September 12 : Jewel Akens , American singer († 2013 )
- September 14th : Vinicio Franco , Dominican singer
- September 14 : Beppo Mauhart , Austrian industrialist († 2017 )
- September 15 : Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos , Spanish conductor († 2014 )
- September 15 : Henry Darrow , American actor
- September 15 : Petra Schürmann , German TV presenter and actress († 2010 )
- September 17 : Chuck Grassley , American politician
- September 18 : Bob Bennett , American politician († 2016 )
- September 18 : Scotty Bowman , Canadian ice hockey coach
- September 18 : Manfred Niehaus , German composer, violist and conductor († 2013 )
- September 18 : Jimmie Rodgers , American pop music singer
- September 19 : Gilles Archambault , Canadian writer
- September 20 : Mitsuo Hama , Japanese writer and author of books for young people († 2011 )
- September 20 : Valentin Morkowkin , Soviet rower († 1999 )
- September 20 : Wilfriede Otto , German historian and publicist († 2015 )
- September 21 : Lona Rietschel , German comic artist († 2017 )
- September 22 : Jesco von Puttkamer , German scientist and book author († 2012 )
- September 23 : Lina Medina gave birth to her first son at the age of five
- September 25th : Maxl Graf , German actor and singer of popular music († 1996 )
- September 25 : Ian Tyson , Canadian country and folk singer
- September 25 : Hubie Brown , American basketball coach
- September 25 : Erik Darling , American singer and musician († 2008 )
- September 26 : Rudolf Scholz , Austrian organist and music teacher († 2012 )
- September 27 : Alfred Nemeczek , German art journalist († 2016 )
- September 27 : Will Sampson , American actor († 1987 )
- September 28 : Madeleine M. Kunin , US politician
- September 29 : Samora Machel , President of Mozambique († 1986 )
- September 30th : Don Willis , American rockabilly musician († 2006 )
October
- October 1st : Pozzi Escot , American composer
- October 2 : Ernesto Melo Antunes , Portuguese officer († 1999 )
- October 2 : Giuliano Sarti , Italian football player († 2017 )
- October 3rd : Neale Fraser , Australian tennis player
- October 5 : Diane Cilento , Australian actress († 2011 )
- October 5 : Billy Lee Riley , American musician and singer († 2009 )
- October 6 : Louis Begley , American writer
- October 6 : Horst Bingel , German writer, poet and graphic artist († 2008 )
- October 7 : Jerry H. Bilik , American composer and professor
- October 7th : Gilbert Chapron , French boxer († 2016 )
- October 7 : Josef Raulf , German local politician († 1993 )
- October 9 : Joe Ashton , British politician († 2020 )
- October 9 : Johann Auernhammer , German football player († 2002 )
- October 9 : Frithjof Aurich , German physical chemist († 2013 )
- October 9 : Aloys Coppenrath , German businessman and entrepreneur († 2013 )
- October 9 : Peter Mansfield , British physicist and Nobel Prize winner († 2017 )
- October 12 : Klaus Frühauf , German science fiction author († 2005 )
- October 12 : Guido Molinari , Canadian painter and graphic artist († 2004 )
- October 12 : Mike Salmon , British racing driver († 2016 )
- October 12 : Günter Zehm , German publicist and philosopher († 2019 )
- October 13 : Thomas Henry Bingham , British lawyer, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (1996–2000) († 2010 )
- October 14 : Wilfried Dietrich , German wrestler († 1992 )
- October 15 : Harry Ott , ambassador of the GDR, representative at the UN and deputy foreign minister († 2005 )
- October 17 : William Anders , an American Air Force officer and astronaut
- October 17 : Sœur Sourire , Belgian nun and chansonnière († 1985 )
- October 17 : Campbell Trowsdale , Canadian violinist and music educator
- October 18 : Jacques Charpentier , French composer and organist († 2017 )
- October 18 : Ludovico Scarfiotti , Italian racing driver († 1968 )
- October 19 : Geraldo Majella Agnelo , Archbishop of San Salvador da Bahia and Cardinal
- October 19 : Alfons Stemmer , German soccer player († 1985 )
- October 20th : Hilda Herrera , Argentine pianist, composer and music teacher
- October 21 : Francisco Gento , Spanish soccer player
- October 24 : Earl Anderza , American alto saxophonist († 1982 )
- October 24 : Joram Aridor , Israeli politician
- October 24 : Rainer Stadelmann , German Egyptologist († 2019 )
- October 24 : Jun'ichi Watanabe , Japanese writer († 2014 )
- October 25 : Eberhard Esche , German actor († 2006 )
- October 25 : Viktor Kapitonov , Russian cyclist († 2005 )
- October 27 : Floyd Cramer , American pianist and composer, representative of country music († 1997 )
- October 28 : Garrincha , Brazilian soccer player († 1983 )
- October 28 : Katharina Zimmermann , Swiss writer
- October 29 : John Andrews , Canadian-Australian architect
- October 30th : Johanna von Koczian , German actress
- October 31 : Dieter Pröttel , German TV show and film director
- October 31 : Nariman Sadiq , last Egyptian queen († 2005 )
November
- November 1st : Helmut Moritz , Austrian geodesist
- November 1st : Huub Oosterhuis , Dutch theologian and poet
- November 2 : Eberhard Ackermann , German economist
- November 3rd : John Barry , British film composer († 2011 )
- November 3 : Michael Dukakis , American politician
- November 3rd : Amartya Sen , Indian economist, Nobel Prize winner
- November 3 : Mildred McDaniel , American high jumper and Olympic champion († 2004 )
- November 3 : Louis Wade Sullivan , American politician
- November 4 : Volker Kühn , German director and author († 2015 )
- November 4 : Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu , Nigerian officer and politician († 2011 )
- November 5th : Hans Amler , German politician
- November 6th : Else Ackermann , German pharmacologist, university lecturer and politician († 2019 )
- November 8 : Peter Arundell , British racing car driver († 2009 )
- November 8 : Lothar Fischer , German sculptor († 2004 )
- November 8 : Werner Golz , German chess player and journalist († 1974 )
- November 9 : Lucian Pintilie , Romanian director, actor and screenwriter († 2018 )
- November 10 : Bobby Rush , American blues musician
- November 11th : Edgar Bessen , German actor († 2012 )
- November 11th : Martino Finotto , Italian racing car driver († 2014 )
- November 11th : Jerzy Grotowski , Polish director and theater theorist († 1999 )
- November 11th : Hans Uhlmann , Swiss politician
- November 11th : Gerd Wolf , German physicist
- November 12th : Bruno Sacco , engineer and designer (“stylist”) at Mercedes-Benz
- November 12 : Wolfgang Schlüter , German jazz musician († 2018 )
- November 13 : Karl-Otto Alberty , German actor
- November 13 : Peter Härtling , German writer († 2017 )
- November 13th : Hermann Ilaender , German politician, administrative officer and association official
- November 14th : Fred Haise , American astronaut
- November 16 : Lee Burswold , American composer, pianist and music teacher († 2017 )
- November 18 : Charlotte Moorman , American musician († 1991 )
- November 19 : Siegfried Behrend , German guitarist and composer († 1990 )
- November 19 : Larry King , American journalist
- November 19 : Ton Veerkamp , Dutch Catholic theologian, Protestant student pastor and author
- November 20 : Hermann von Richthofen , German diplomat
- November 20 : Per Wästberg , Swedish writer
- November 22nd : Klaus Dörner , German psychologist
- November 23 : Clémence DesRochers , Canadian actress, singer-songwriter and writer
- November 23 : Kurt Falk , newspaper editor († 2005 )
- November 23 : Krzysztof Penderecki , Polish composer († 2020 )
- November 23 : Gerhard Roth , German politician
- November 24th : Jürgen Abeler , German art collector, master watchmaker, goldsmith and gemologist († 2010 )
- November 24 : Gerhard Jakob , German auxiliary bishop († 1998 )
- November 24 : Milt Minter , American racing driver († 2004 )
- November 25 : Alan Arnell , English football player († 2013 )
- November 25th : Jürgen Kromphardt , German economic expert
- November 25 : George Riashi , Lebanese Archbishop of Tripoli († 2012 )
- November 25th : Augie Pabst , American racing car driver
- November 25th : Jean Vinatier , French rally and racing driver
- November 27 : Klaus Höpcke , German politician
- November 29 : Horst Assmy , German football player († 1972 )
- November 29th : John Mayall , British musician
December
- December 1 : Horst Eylmann , German politician († 2014 )
- December 1 : Jimmy Lyons , American jazz saxophonist († 1986 )
- December 1 : Lou Rawls , American jazz and soul singer († 2006 )
- December 1 : James David Wolfensohn , ninth President of the World Bank
- December 2nd : Gotthold Hasenhüttl , priest, church critic
- December 2 : Mike Larrabee , American sprinter and Olympic champion († 2003 )
- December 3 : Paul J. Crutzen , Dutch meteorologist, Nobel Prize winner
- December 4 : Horst Buchholz , German actor († 2003 )
- December 5 : Bernard van Beurden , Dutch composer and musician († 2016 )
- December 6 : Henryk Mikołaj Górecki , Polish composer († 2010 )
- December 6th : Hilmar Selle , German politician († 2007 )
- December 8th : Paul Ewe , German soccer player
- December 10 : Makoto Iwamatsu , Japanese-American actor († 2006 )
- December 10 : Larry Morris , American football player († 2012 )
- December 10 : William Armstrong Percy , American historian
- December 11th : Tito Arecchi , Italian physicist
- December 12th : Fabio De Agostini , Swiss playwright, film director and documentary filmmaker
- December 12th : Manu Dibango , Cameroonian saxophonist, vibraphonist and pianist († 2020 )
- December 12th : Christa Stubnick , German athlete and Olympian
- December 13 : Lou Adler , American producer, manager and chief executive officer
- December 13 : Borah Bergman , American jazz pianist († 2012 )
- December 14 : Hans Jürgen Sonnenberger , German legal scholar
- December 14th : Leo Wright , American jazz clarinetist († 1991 )
- December 15 : Gregory III. Laham , Patriarch of Antioch
- December 15 : Donald Woods , South African lawyer and journalist († 2001 )
- December 16 : Johnny Hammond Smith , American jazz musician († 1997 )
- December 17 : Marilyn Eastman , American actress
- December 18 : Lonnie Brooks , American blues guitarist († 2017 )
- December 18 : Hartmut Stegemann , German theologian († 2005 )
- December 20th : Rik Van Looy , Belgian cyclist
- December 23 : Akihito , Tenno of Japan
- December 25 : Joachim Meisner , German clergyman, Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Cologne († 2017 )
- December 25th : Walter Oberste , German sprinter
- December 25 : Phan Văn Khải , Vietnamese politician († 2018 )
- December 26 : Maurizio Arena , Italian actor († 1979 )
- December 26 : Billy Bean , American jazz guitarist († 2012 )
- December 26 : Joe Rosenblatt , Canadian poet, writer and painter († 2019 )
- December 27 : Gianni Amico , Italian documentary film director, film director, screenwriter and cultural worker († 1990 )
- December 27th : Amanullah Parsa , Afghan artist and professor of art
- December 27 : Mahmoud Zakzouk , Egyptian theologian († 2020 )
- December 28 : Franz Rutzen , German publisher
- December 31 : Elisa Gabbai , Israeli singer († 2010 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Isaac Kobina Abban , Ghanaian lawyer († 2001 )
- Klaus Abramowsky , German actor and voice actor († 1998 )
- Abdallah ibn Husain al-Ahmar , Yemeni politician and tribal leader († 2007 )
- Maria Anspach , German native writer, cabaret artist and journalist
- Abdullah Ibn Jibreen , Islamic religious scholar († 2009 )
- Gerold Adam , German biophysicist († 1996 )
- Heinrich Aebli , Swiss politician
- Hüseyin Akbaş , Turkish wrestler († 1989 )
- Eugene Avon Anderson , American wrestler († 1991 )
- Gabriele Andreae , German Germanist and writer
- Barbara Antkowiak , German Slavist, literary translator and editor († 2004 )
- Gerhard Anborn , German painter
- Nelly Ben-Or , Polish-Jewish pianist and music teacher
- Pedro Ignacio Calderón , Argentine conductor
- Helmut Hallmeier , German motorcycle racer († 1976 )
- Ibrahim Hazimeh , Palestinian artist
- Dorothy Iannone , American artist
- Edith Kellnhauser , German nursing scientist († 2019 )
- Manfred Petersen , German actor and voice actor
- Pepi Scherfler , Austrian musician, arranger and composer († 2010 )
- Isawa Taka , Japanese writer († 1997 )
- Miriam Tlali , South African writer († 2017 )
- Raymond Wentworth , American singer and composer
- Lutz Wilde , German art historian and monument conservator
Died
January February
- January 3 : Frederick S. Armitage , American cameraman, director and film producer (* 1874 )
- January 3 : Gabriel Anton , Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (* 1858 )
- January 5 : Calvin Coolidge , US Vice President and 30th President of the USA (* 1872 )
- January 3 : Wilhelm Cuno , German Chancellor (* 1876 )
- January 5 : Barry Conners , American actor, playwright and screenwriter (* 1883 )
- January 5 : Johannes Poggenburg , German bishop (* 1862 )
- January 7th : Guy D. Goff , American politician (* 1866 )
- January 8 : Benjamin Jan Kouwer , Dutch gynecologist (* 1861 )
- January 8 : Benton McMillin , American politician (* 1845 )
- January 9 : Kate Gleason , American engineer and inventor of the prefabricated house (* 1865 )
- January 9 : Daphne Jessie Akhurst , Australian tennis player (* 1903 )
- January 9th : Giuseppe Terrabugio , Italian organist, composer and church musician (* 1842 )
- January 14th : Aenne Biermann , German photographer (* 1898 )
- January 15 : Eugen Robert Weiss , German chamber singer & academy professor (* 1863 )
- January 16 : Lee Cruce , American politician (* 1863 )
- January 17th : Louis Comfort Tiffany , Art Nouveau painter and glass artist (* 1848 )
- January 25 : Honoré Vaillancourt , Canadian singer (baritone) (* 1892 )
- January 29 : Carl von Bergen , German painter (* 1853 )
- January 29 : Theodor Engel , theologian, geologist and paleontologist (* 1842 )
- January 31 : John Galsworthy , British writer (* 1867 )
- January 31 : Rodolfo Tartini , Swiss Roman Catholic clergyman (* 1855 )
- February 7th : Albert Apponyi von Nagy-Apponyi , Hungarian aristocrat and politician (* 1846 )
- February 10 : Carl Heinrich Becker , German politician, Prussian Minister of Education (* 1876 )
- February 10 : Erastus J. Turner , American politician (* 1846 )
- February 11 : Jean Paul Ertel , German composer (* 1865 )
- February 12 : William Robertson , Chief of the Imperial General Staff and British Field Marshal (* 1860 )
- February 14th : Joseph Peter Audebert , German naturalist and ethnologist (* 1848 )
- February 14 : Otto Galama Houtrouw , Reformed theologian and local researcher (* 1838 )
- February 15 : José Dolores Alfonseca , Dominican politician (* 1878 )
- February 16 : Godfrey G. Goodwin , American politician (* 1873 )
- February 18 : Franz Amecke , German pastor (* 1861 )
- February 24 : Johannes Meisenheimer , German zoologist (* 1873 )
- February 25 : Jules Andrade , French mathematician, physicist and watchmaker (* 1857 )
- February 26 : Frank Spottiswoode Aitken , British-American actor (* 1868 )
- February 26 : Felix Auerbach , German physicist (* 1856 )
- February 26 : Thomas Watt Gregory , American politician (* 1861 )
- February 28 : Lilla Cabot Perry , American painter (* 1848 )
March April
- March 1 : Bruno Arnold , German photographer (* 1884 )
- March 2 : Francis Alexander Anglin , Canadian judge (* 1865 )
- March 2 : Thomas J. Walsh , American politician (* 1859 )
- March 4 : Juan Francisco González , Chilean painter (* 1853 )
- March 4 : Blind Willie Walker , American blues guitarist and singer (* 1896 )
- March 9 : Aladár Aujeszky , Hungarian veterinary pathologist and microbiologist (* 1869 )
- March 10 : Cecil Hamilton Armitage , British Governor (* 1869 )
- March 10 : Manfred Kyber , German writer (* 1880 )
- March 10 : Sayyid Ahmed asch-Sharif ibn Muhammad asch-Sharif ibn Muhammad ibn Ali as Senussi , leader of the Libyan Order of Sanussiya (* 1873 )
- March 13 : Tito Ricordi , Italian music publisher (* 1865 )
- March 14th : Anny Ahlers , German singer and actress (* 1907 )
- March 15 : John Quincy Adams , Austrian painter (* 1874 )
- March 16 : Alfréd Haar , Hungarian mathematician (* 1885 )
- March 18 : Dawid Alexandrowitsch Aitow , Russian cartographer and revolutionary (* 1854 )
- March 20 : Jefferson De Angelis , American actor and singer (* 1859 )
- March 24th : Erik Jan Hanussen , Austrian "clairvoyant" (* 1889 )
- March 30 : Georg Steinhausen , German librarian and cultural scientist (* 1866 )
- March 31 : Paul Nikolaus , German emcee, cabaret artist, poet and playwright (* 1894 )
- April 1 : Charles Philippe Théodore Andler , French German studies specialist and professor (* 1866 )
- April 2 : Gaétan de Knyff , Belgian racing driver (* 1871 )
- April 4 : Libero Andreotti , Italian sculptor (* 1875 )
- April 4 : Otto Renois , German communist and resistance fighter (* 1892 )
- April 5 : Earl Derr Biggers , American writer (* 1884 )
- April 5 : Georg Hieronymus Roderich Stintzing , German medic (* 1854 )
- April 9 : Sigfrid Karg-Elert , German composer and music theorist (* 1877 )
- April 12 : Adelbert Ames , American general (* 1835 )
- April 12 : Lola Artot de Padilla , French-Spanish soprano (* 1876 )
- April 12 : Andreas Blunck , German lawyer and politician (* 1871 )
- April 15 : Guido Adolf Georg Dietlof von Arnim-Boitzenburg , Prussian politician (* 1867 )
- April 17 : Harriet Brooks , Canadian nuclear physicist (* 1876 )
- April 18 : Albrecht von Graefe , German politician (* 1868 )
- April 19 : Adolf Stoltze , German journalist and local poet (* 1842 )
- April 20 : Friedrich Wilhelm zu Ysenburg and Büdingen , German landlord (* 1850 )
- April 22nd : Henry Royce , British industrialist and technician (* 1863 )
- April 24 : Felix Adler , German-American philosopher (* 1851 )
- April 27 : Anna Blos , German politician (SPD) and women's rights activist (* 1866 )
- April 27 : Albert Funk , German politician (* 1894 )
- April 28 : Cornelis van Vollenhoven , Dutch legal scholar (* 1874 )
- April 30th : Abraham Aguilera Bravo , Chilean religious priest and bishop (* 1884 )
May June
- May 1st : Carl Roman Abt , Swiss mechanical engineer, inventor and freelance entrepreneur (* 1850 )
- May 1 : Thomas Gair Ashton , British politician, entrepreneur and peer (* 1855 )
- May 2 : Léon Saint-Paul , French racing car driver (* 1892 )
- May 5 : Stephan Kekule von Stradonitz , German lawyer, private scholar, genealogist (* 1863 )
- May 6 : Ernst Kromayer , German dermatologist and university professor (* 1862 )
- May 13 : Paul Ernst , German writer and playwright (* 1866 )
- May 13 : Adolf Louis Theodor Richard von Schubert , Prussian officer (* 1850 )
- May 15 : Thomas Sambola Jones , American diplomat (* 1859 )
- May 16 : John Henry Mackay , Scottish-German writer (* 1864 )
- May 18 : Porter J. McCumber , American politician (* 1858 )
- May 18 : Otto Merz , German automobile racing driver (* 1889 )
- May 19 : Willy Aron , German trainee lawyer (* 1907 )
- May 19 : Rudolf Tarnow , Low German writer (* 1867 )
- May 21 : Guy Bouriat , French racing car driver (* 1902 )
- May 22 : Ștefan Dimitrescu , Romanian painter (* 1886 )
- May 22 : Emil Oberhoffer , American conductor, composer and music teacher (* 1867 )
- May 26 : Jimmie Rodgers , country musician (born 1897 )
- May 28 : Marga von Etzdorf , German aviator (* 1907 )
- May 29 : Johann Peisker , Czech sociologist (* 1851 )
- June 2 : Frank Jarvis , American athlete (* 1878 )
- June 3 : Solomon Comstock , American politician (* 1842 )
- June 4th : Ahmet Haşim , Turkish poet (* between 1883 and 1887 )
- June 9 : Wilhelm Dieckmann , German farmer and politician of the NSDAP (* 1863 )
- June 11th : Hildegard Burjan , founder of the German order and politician (* 1883 )
- June 14th : Frank Longman , British motorcycle racer (* 1893 or 1894 )
- June 16 : Vitaly Viktor Chaim Arlosoroff , Russian politician (* 1899 )
- June 19 : Walter Friedrich August Arnold , German politician (* 1882 )
- June 20 : Richard Assmann , German works council chairman and politician (* 1875 )
- June 20 : Robert G. Cousins , American politician (* 1859 )
- June 20 : Clara Zetkin , German social democrat, women's rights activist and communist (* 1857 )
- June 22nd : Melville Best Anderson , American Romanist, Italianist and Anglist (* 1851 )
- June 22nd : Edward B. Almon , American politician (* 1860 )
- June 22nd : Tim Birkin , British racing car driver (* 1896 )
- June 25 : Giovanni Giacometti , Swiss painter (* 1868 )
- June 27 : Alexander Hardcastle , captain of the British navy and amateur archaeologist (* 1872 )
- June 29 : Olaf Bull , Norwegian poet (* 1883 )
July August
- July 3 : Franz Wilhelm Seiwert , painter and sculptor, avant-garde (* 1894 )
- July 3 : Hipólito Yrigoyen , Argentine President (* 1852 )
- July 5 : Charles N. Haskell , American politician (* 1860 )
- July 10 : Harold DeForest Arnold , American electrical engineer (* 1883 )
- July 15 : Freddie Keppard , American cornet player (* 1890 )
- July 16 : Jean Blake Coulthard , Canadian pianist and music teacher (* 1882 )
- July 18 : Gilbert N. Haugen , American politician (* 1859 )
- July 18 : Franz Sedlacek , Austrian football player and coach (* 1892 )
- July 19 : Edwin S. Johnson , American politician (* 1857 )
- July 23 : Louis Abbiate , French composer and cellist (* 1866 )
- July 24th : Alfredo Helsby , Chilean painter (* 1862 )
- August 1st : Sulejman Delvina , Albanian politician, Prime Minister 1920 (* 1884 )
- August 7th : Felix Fechenbach , German journalist (* 1894 )
- August 7th : Hans Fraungruber , Austrian writer (* 1863 )
- August 12 : John Calhoun Bell , American politician (* 1851 )
- August 13 : Paul Hillemacher , French composer and pianist (* 1852 )
- August 13 : Hasan Bej Prishtina , Albanian politician (* 1873 )
- August 18 : Marie von Miller , German painter and the wife of Oskar von Miller (* 1861 )
- August 23 : Adolf Loos , Austrian architect and architectural theorist (* 1870 )
- August 26 : Paul Staudinger , German explorer and private scholar (* 1859 )
- August 27 : Horst von Waldthausen , German-Swiss automobile racing driver (* 1907 )
- August 28 : Georgi Konjus , Russian composer (* 1862 )
- August 31 : Theodor Lessing , German philosopher (* 1872 )
September October
- September 1 : Mathias Adlersflügel , Austrian industrialist and politician (* 1868 )
- September 1 : José Mercedes Ortega , Chilean painter (* 1856 )
- September 2 : Hans Freiherr von Berlepsch , German professional officer and ornithologist (* 1857 )
- September 4 : Otto Baschin , German geographer and meteorologist (* 1865 )
- September 5 : Clay M. Greene , American writer (* 1850 )
- September 7th : Max Adalbert , German theater and film actor (* 1874 )
- September 7th : Edward Gray , British politician (* 1862 )
- September 8 : Theodor Fritsch , German publicist (* 1852 )
- September 10 : Baconin Borzacchini , Italian racing car driver (* 1898 )
- September 10 : Giuseppe Campari , Italian racing driver (* 1892 )
- September 10 : Stanisław Czaykowski , Polish racing car driver (* 1899 )
- September 15 : Max Hoelz , German politician (* 1889 )
- September 16 : Sam Aaron Baker , American politician (* 1874 )
- September 18 : Armand Weiser , architect and specialist writer (* 1887 )
- September 20 : Annie Besant , British politician and suffragette (* 1847 )
- September 23 : Lynn Hornor , American politician (* 1874 )
- September 25 : Paul Ehrenfest , Austrian physicist (* 1880 )
- September 25 : Arthur Seligman , American politician (* 1873 )
- September 26 : Emerich Ambros , Hungarian-German anti-fascist (* 1896 )
- September 28 : James William Collier , American politician (* 1872 )
- October 3 : Abdolhossein Teymurtash , Iranian politician, court minister under Reza Shah Pahlavi (* 1883 )
- October 5 : Renée Adorée , French actress (* 1898 )
- October 5 : Nikolai Judenitsch , Russian general (* 1862 )
- October 6 : Porter H. Dale , American politician (* 1867 )
- October 6 : Sachari Paliaschwili , Georgian composer (* 1871 )
- October 8 : Guido d'Ippolito , Italian racing car driver (* 1894 )
- October 9 : Friedrich Lach , Austrian painter and graphic artist (* 1868 )
- October 11 : Reinhold Tiling , German engineer, pilot and rocket pioneer (* 1893 )
- October 15 : Inazo Nitobe , Japanese scholar (* 1862 )
- October 16 : Maurice Renaud , French singer (* 1861 )
- October 18 : Albert von Trentini , Austrian writer (* 1878 )
- October 21 : Charles Follot , French entrepreneur and racing car driver (* 1869 )
- October 23 : William N. Doak , American politician (* 1882 )
- October 24 : Johannes Methöfer , Dutch author and anarchist (* 1863 )
- October 25 : Carl Blankenstein , German theater actor and radio play speaker (* 1864 )
- October 25 : William John Bowser , Canadian politician (* 1867 )
- October 27 : Julius Klengel , German cellist (* 1859 )
- October 29 : Paul Painlevé , French politician and mathematician (* 1863 )
November December
- November 8 : Mohammed Nadir Shah , King of Afghanistan (* 1883 )
- November 11th : Heino Adolf Achenbach , Prussian civil servant and district administrator (* 1863 )
- November 12th : Fred Holland Day , American photographer and publisher (* 1864 )
- November 16 : Henry C. Hansbrough , American politician (* 1848 )
- November 17th : Georg Haberland , German entrepreneur (* 1861 )
- November 22 : Mahmud Tarzi , Afghan intellectual (* 1865 )
- November 26th : Franz Bracht , German politician (* 1877 )
- November 27 : Karl Vesper , German resistance fighter (* 1883 )
- November 28 : Adalbert Wietek , German architect (* 1876 )
- November 30th : Kamura Isota , Japanese writer (* 1897 )
- December 2 : Erwin Baur , German doctor, botanist, geneticist and breeding researcher (* 1875 )
- December 4 : Stefan George , German poet and writer (* 1868 )
- December 6th : Auguste Chapuis , French composer, organist and music teacher (* 1858 )
- December 8 : Karl Jatho , German aviation pioneer (* 1873 )
- December 8 : Yamamoto Gonnohyōe , Japanese admiral and the 16th Prime Minister of Japan (* 1852 )
- December 9 : Ellen Andrée , French stage actress (* 1856 )
- December 12th : Anita Rée , German painter (* 1885 )
- December 13 : Hendrik Barend Greven , Dutch economist and statistician (* 1850 )
- December 16 : Everett Ellsworth Truette , American organist, composer, music publisher and author (* 1861 )
- December 17th : Richard von Hagn , German painter (* 1850 )
- December 17th : Thubten Gyatsho , Dalai Lama (* 1876 )
- December 18 : Frederick D. Gardner , American politician (* 1869 )
- December 18 : Harry Puder , German officer (* 1862 )
- December 21 : Knud Rasmussen , Greenland-Danish polar explorer (* 1879 )
- December 24th : Aribert Joseph Alexander von Anhalt , regent of the Duchy of Anhalt (* 1864 )
- December 26th : Meinrad Lienert , Swiss dialect and native poet (* 1865 )
- December 28 : Henry F. Lippitt , American politician (* 1856 )
- December 28 : Anatoly Lunacharsky , Ukrainian Marxist cultural politician (* 1875 )
- December 30th : Georg Asmussen , German engineer, writer and good templar (* 1856 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Ludwig Ausserwinkler , German chemist and photographer (* 1859 )
- William Boosey , English music organizer and publisher (* 1864 )
- August Einwald , German traveler to Africa (* 1846 )
- Verkine Karakaschian , Armenian actress (* 1856 )
Web links
- Chronicle 1933 on Living Virtual Museum Online