Ramón Grau San Martín

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Ramón Grau San Martín

Ramón Grau San Martín (born September 13, 1882 in La Palma / Pinar del Río , Cuba ; † July 28, 1969 in Havana , Cuba) was a Cuban doctor and President of the Republic of Cuba in two terms (1933-34, 1944-48) .

His father, a wealthy tobacco plantation owner, expected his son to continue this tradition. Ramón Grau San Martin decided to study medicine at the University of Havana, which he completed in 1908 with a doctorate. After a stay in Europe, he returned to Cuba in 1921 and became professor of physiology at the University of Havana . He was considered one of the leading internists in the country.

In the 1920s, Grau joined the student movement against the dictator Gerardo Machado and received a prison sentence in 1931. After his release he went into exile in the USA .

After the victory of the popular movement over the bloody rule of Machado (approx. 20,000 murdered) Ramón Grau San Martin became President of the Republic of Cuba on September 10, 1933. The government under gray suspended the Cuban constitution of 1901 and with it the Platt Amendment , whereupon the USA refused to recognize it. The army chief and later dictator Fulgencio Batista forced Graus to abdicate in January 1934. He then founded the Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténticos) .

In 1944 he won the presidential elections as a candidate for the opposition Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténticos) after Batista had ruled as elected president from 1940. Grau remained in office until the end of his term in office in 1948. However, due to corruption affairs, his administration fell into twilight and a significant wing of his party around Eduardo Chibás split off in 1947 and founded the rival Partido del Pueblo Cubano (Ortodoxos) . In 1948 Grau handed over his office to Carlos Prío, who was closely related to him, and initially retired into private life. In 1954 and 1958 he ran again for president, but withdrew his candidacy shortly before the election date on charges of election falsification by Batista. After the Cuban Revolution of 1959 , Grau remained a private individual and died in his home in Havana in 1969.

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Presencia de los asturianos en la historia de la medicina cubana. (PDF) In: Cuadernos de Historia de la Salud Pública. P. 13 , accessed on February 18, 2017 (Spanish).
  2. ↑ Michael Zeuske : Brief history of Cubas. Beck, Munich 2000, p. 171.
personal data
SURNAME Grau San Martín, Ramón
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gray, Ramón
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Cuban doctor and President of Cuba (1933–1934 and 1944–1948)
DATE OF BIRTH September 13, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH La Palma , Pinar del Río , Cuba
DATE OF DEATH July 28, 1969
Place of death Havana , Cuba