Ernst Kromayer

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Bronze portrait plaque from 1962 in the University Hospital Halle (Saale) in honor of Ernst Kromayer, created by Richard Horn .

Ernst Kromayer (born September 26, 1862 in Stralsund , † May 6, 1933 in Berlin ) was a German dermatologist . He was a private lecturer at the Martin Luther University in Halle, author of numerous publications and inventor of the Kromayer lamp.

Life

family

Ernst (Franz Ludwig) Kromayer was the son of the Privy Councilor Karl Kromayer (1829–1915), and his wife Franziska, the daughter of the classical philologist , teacher and vice-principal Johannes von Gruber (1807–1875).

His father was initially a teacher at the Stralsund grammar school , later in Metz in Alsace and, from 1875, grammar school director in Weißenburg ( Wissembourg ) in Alsace . Ernst's older brother was the ancient historian Johannes Kromayer (1859–1934).

Professional background

Kromayer attended high school in Metz and Weißenburg. He stood out for his excellent math skills and was a passionate chess player . In 1880 he passed the school leaving examination in Weißenburg and initially studied law at the University of Strasbourg . He switched subjects and began studying medicine . As a student at Strasbourg University in 1880, he was one of the founders of the old fraternity Germania . In 1883 he went to the University of Würzburg , where he took the Physikum . In Würzburg Kromayer had a duel with sharp sabers , in which he was arrested and six weeks imprisonment was condemned. Further studies followed at Bonn University , where he became a member of the Marchia Bonn fraternity in 1885 . In December 1885 he passed the state examination in Bonn . He did his following military service as a doctor in Strasbourg.

Kromayer established himself as a general practitioner in Busendorf in Lorraine . From 1888 he continued his studies with Professor Karl Koester at the Pathological Institute in Bonn . In Breslau he specialized in skin diseases with Albert Neisser . He completed his habilitation in 1890 as a private lecturer in dermatology at the University of Halle with the habilitation thesis on the pathological anatomy of psoriasis along with some remarks about the normal cornification process and the structure of the prickly cell - a contribution about the nature of eczema . In the winter semester of 1890/1891 he gave his first lectures in Halle and opened a private practice at the same time. From 1890 Kromayer was a member of the Association of Doctors in Halle. There, too, he gave numerous lectures, and a lecture book was published in 1896.

The Prussian Ministry of Culture made Kromayer the proposal to establish a university polyclinic for skin diseases. He received the promise of an extraordinary position and a teaching position, the latter, however, without salary. In his house on Poststrasse (today Hansering) he set up the University Polyclinic for Skin Diseases. On April 1, 1901 he became honorary professor , a tenured professor rejected the Prussian Ministry of Finance. Kromayer found little support in the university either. The university itself founded its own inpatient dermatological department in the Halle Medical Clinic . His demand to unite the polyclinical and the clinical patient population under his leadership was not met. Since his lectures were not very popular either, lectures were held at the university clinics at the same time, and the Prussian Ministry of Culture declined to expand his clinic, Kromayer resigned from his teaching post on January 30, 1904 and resigned on April 1, 1904.

Kromayer settled down as a specialist in Berlin and opened a well-attended skin clinic. He also worked as a specialist in other hospitals. He introduced lenigallol and eugallol in the therapy of skin diseases and dealt with the morphology of skin manifestations , especially skin nevi . He constructed the quartz lamp named after him for the therapy of skin diseases, especially psoriasis . He had this Kromayer lamp patented in the USA on October 23, 1906 . It became one of the most widely used light therapy instruments in dermatology.

Ernst Kromayer committed suicide on May 6, 1933 in Berlin at the age of 70. He had serious cancer. On May 13, 1933, he was buried in the south-west cemetery Stahnsdorf .

Marriage and offspring

In 1890 he married Auguste Kayser from Krefeld . They had two daughters, Elisabeth (* 1892) and Gertrud (* 1894). Like her father, the latter became a dermatologist. The family emigrated to South America in 1937 .

Honors

In 1962, at the request of the then director of the University Dermatology Clinic, Professor Theodor Grüneberg, the Grünstraße in Halle was renamed Ernst Kromayer, Ernst-Kromayer-Straße. At the same time, a plaque in honor of Ernst Kromayer was placed in the library of the University Skin Clinic in Halle. The panel was created by the Halle artist Richard Horn .

Works (selection)

  • Eczema and eczema treatment. C. Kabitzsch, Leipzig (1930)
  • The treatment of cosmetic skin diseases, with special consideration of the physical healing methods and the scarless operation. 2 editions, G. Thieme, Leipzig (1923)
  • Repetition of skin and sexual diseases for students and doctors. 12 editions until 1992 with translations into u. a. Russian and Hungarian, G. Fischer, Jena (1922)
  • Isolated subcutaneous tracheal rupture. Leipzig (1915)
  • Medical cosmetics of the skin. Thieme, Leipzig (1913)
  • Hair care. Hillger, Berlin (1913)
  • X-ray radium light in dermatology. Meusser, Berlin (1913)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Manfred Stürzbecher:  Kromayer, Ernst. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 75 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Directory of the old men of the German fraternity. Überlingen am Bodensee 1920, p. 25.
  3. ↑ a b c d Klaus-Michael Taube: In the light and shadow of Kromayer. in: Achim Lipp / Jürgen Lasch (ed.): Hallesche Heroes der Heilkunst. Page 182-193
  4. ↑ Karin Röntsch: Halle - street names with explanations. Page 37, HRK Verlag, Halle 1994; ISBN 3-930585-00-6
personal data
SURNAME Kromayer, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kromayer, Ernst Franz Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German dermatologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH September 26, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Stralsund
DATE OF DEATH May 6, 1933
Place of death Berlin