April 19th

The April 19 is the 109th day of the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years ), thus remain still 256 days until the end of the year.

Historic anniversaries March · April · May

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Events

Politics and world events

• 0065 : After the Pisonian conspiracy against the Roman emperor Nero is uncovered , Gaius Calpurnius Piso takes his own life. As a result, Seneca , Marcus Annaeus Lucanus and Titus Petronius, as alleged co-conspirators, are forced to commit suicide , among others .

69: Vitellius

• 0069 : Vitellius is accepted as emperor in Rome after he prevailed in the first battle of Bedriacum and Otho took his own life.
• 1042 : The Byzantine ruler Michael V tries to banish his stepmother Zoe to a monastery, which leads to a popular uprising and subsequently to his deposition.
• 1529 : At the Reichstag in Speyer , six princes and 14 imperial cities appear as representatives of the Protestant minority against the imposition of imperial ban on Martin Luther and the ostracism of his writings and teachings, which is known as the Protestation in Speyer .

1587: Sketch of the attack on Cadiz

• 1587 : The Englishman Sir Francis Drake "scorches the beard of the Spanish king" Philip II .: Unexpectedly by the Spaniards, he attacks the armada lying in the port of Cádiz with his ships and destroys most of the ships and captures a few others without major losses of his own , the city will be ransacked for two days.
• 1706 : In the Battle of Calcinato in Lombardy , during the War of the Spanish Succession, an imperial force is defeated by French-Spanish troops.
• 1713 : Emperor Karl VI. determines in its Pragmatic Sanction that in the absence of male descendants in the House of Habsburg , female relatives in the Habsburg hereditary lands are also entitled to inheritance.

1775: Battle at Concord

• 1775 : The American Revolutionary War begins with skirmishes at Lexington and Concord , in which militias from Massachusetts under William Heath defeat British units to their own surprise, and the ensuing siege of Boston , which will last almost a year .
• 1809 : The Fifth Coalition War begins the two-day battle near Abensberg , in which the French under Napoleon Bonaparte remain victorious over the Austrians. On the same day, Austrian troops, who invaded the Duchy of Warsaw on April 15 in the course of the Vistula campaign , met Polish troops in the Battle of Raszyn, for the time being without a decision.
• 1809 : At the Battle of Teugn-Hausen , the Austrian Archduke Karl von Österreich-Teschen missed an opportunity to defeat the French army commanded by Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davout by reinforcing the fighting troops .
• 1825 : The crowd of 33 Orientals crossed the Uruguay River under their leader Juan Antonio Lavalleja to unite with the patriots around José Fructuoso Rivera in the struggle for Uruguay's independence .
• 1839 : The Netherlands under William I recognize Belgium, which became independent through the Belgian Revolution in 1830, in the London Protocol . At the same time, the major European powers guarantee the country's neutrality.
• 1850 : In the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty , Great Britain and the USA agree that neither country should have sole influence on a future canal connecting the Atlantic to the Pacific, but rather that they want to protect its neutrality.

1861: Caricature of Scott's anaconda plan

• 1861 : Abraham Lincoln , President of the United States , imposes a naval blockade on the Confederate States of America during the Civil War that began a few days ago . The anaconda plan worked out by Winfield Scott becomes one of the most successful blockades of all time.
• 1875 : In the territorial dispute between Great Britain and Portugal over the possession of the East African Maputo Bay , the French President Patrice de Mac-Mahon , acting as arbiter, decides in favor of the Portuguese side.

1903: The Kishinev Petition, a protest by American Jews against the pogrom

• 1903 : The two-day Kishinev pogrom in the Russian governorate of Bessarabia begins. At the end of the anti-Semitic murder, 45 deaths were counted and major property damage was recorded.
• 1936 : The death of six protesting Arabs in Jaffa by British police officers boosts the Arab uprising against the British mandate .
• 1937 : During the Spanish Civil War , Francisco Franco decreed the union of the revolutionary organizations Falange and JONS with the Carlist Comunión Tradicionalista to form Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS . This is considered to be the birth of Franquism .
• 1943 : Organized by the ŻOB begins in the Warsaw ghetto , led by Mordechai Anielewicz of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising against the continuing deportations of Jews in extermination camps by occupying German forces in Poland .
• 1943 : When the 20th deportation train to Auschwitz is attacked , three Belgian resistance fighters stop the deportation train that transports Jews from the SS assembly camp in Mechwitz to Auschwitz-Birkenau in 1618 .
• 1943 : Kurt Huber , professor of musicology and psychology at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich until his arrest, and the students Alexander Schmorell and Willi Graf are sentenced to death by the People's Court under Roland Freisler for their membership in the White Rose resistance group .
• 1943 : The Soviet intelligence service SMERSch is founded by the Interior Ministry of the USSR . In addition to its main task of counter-espionage , the service also pursues returning Soviet soldiers who are suspected of treason and desertion .
• 1960 : Nationwide demonstrations against President Rhee Syng-man begin in South Korea , leading to his resignation on April 26 after four terms in office.

1961: Bay of Pigs invasion

• 1961 : The US-backed Bay of Pigs Invasion in Cuba ends after only two days in a complete defeat of the exiled Cuban troops .
• 1971 : The last ten years independent of the United Kingdom Sierra Leone is a constitutional amendment under Prime Minister Siaka Stevens for Republic .
• 1972 : A major raid by the Berlin police leads to the evacuation of the formerly occupied Georg von Rauch house . Rio Reiser later sang about this police action in the Rauch-Haus song by the band Ton Steine ​​Scherben .
• 1984 : Advance Australia Fair is declared Australia's national anthem.

1993: Mount Carmel during the storm

• 1993 : Federal authorities raid a ranch in Waco , Texas to arrest Davidian sect militants led by David Koresh . A serious fire breaks out, killing 82 of the 87 sect members in the building.

1995: The Murrah Federal Building after the attack

• 1995 : 168 people are killed in a bomb attack on the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City . As a motive, the assassin Timothy McVeigh named revenge for the events in Waco exactly two years earlier.
• 1998 : In the election for the Austrian Federal President , Thomas Klestil is re-elected by the Austrian electorate with 63.4% of the vote.
• 1999 : The Reichstag building in Berlin becomes the seat of the German Bundestag . On the same day, the Leo-Baeck-Haus, the former college for the science of Judaism , opens as the seat of the Central Council of Jews in Germany .
• 2018: General Eberhard Zorn is introduced to his post as the 16th General Inspector of the Bundeswehr in Berlin .

economy

1805: The jacquard loom

• 1805 : The weaving machine improved by Joseph-Marie Jacquard , the so-called jacquard loom , allows the automated weaving of large patterned fabrics .
• 1892 : In the USA, John C. Stevens receives a patent for his "Bicycle on skies", a forerunner of the skibob .
• 1909 : Jean Rech from Mehlem receives a German patent for the amphibious vehicle he invented .
• 2011 : The gold price , which is on the rise, exceeds the mark of 1,500 US dollars per ounce of fine gold for the first time in trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange .

science and technology

• 1928 : Over 70 years after the project began and 40 years after the first volume was published, the final volume of the New English Dictionary comes out, now known as the Oxford English Dictionary .
• 1943 : The Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann consciously tests the LSD he discovered for the first time in a self-experiment. The anniversary is celebrated in popular culture as "Bicycle Day" because Hofmann rode his bike home at the beginning of his intoxication.
• 1961 : Nuclear energy in Taiwan : The Tsing Hua Swimming Pool Reactor (THOR), a research reactor , becomes the first Taiwanese reactor to become critical .
• 1965 : Gordon Moore publishes his observation, later known as Moore's Law , in Electronics magazine , that the complexity of the most modern integrated circuits increases exponentially.

1971: Salyut 1 (left) with the Soyuz spaceship

• 1971 : The Soviet Union launches the first space station with Salyut 1 . After 123 days of use, it burns up on October 11th.
• 1975 : The Indian Space Research Organization succeeds in launching the first Indian satellite Aryabhata , which is, however, still sent into space with the help of Soviet carrier technology.
• 2006 : The first groundbreaking for the runway extension by 589 m to the south is set at the Hamburg-Finkenwerder airfield after the construction stop has been lifted. The extension makes the regular landing of the Airbus A380 possible.

Culture

1676: Bernardo Pasquini

• 1676 : The premiere of the opera La Donna ancora è fedele by Bernardo Pasquini takes place in the Palazzo Colonna in Rome.
• 1720 : The first performance of the musical drama Caio Gracco by Leonardo Leo takes place in the Palazzo Reale in Naples.
• 1774 : The opera Iphigénie en Aulide by Christoph Willibald Gluck is premiered at the Académie Royale in Paris under the direction of the composer.
• 1858 : The first performance of the one-act operetta La chatte métamorphosée en femme ( The transformed cat ) by Jacques Offenbach with the libretto by Eugène Scribe takes place at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens in Paris.

1927: Mae West

• 1927 : Because of "obscenity" in the written of her Broadway play Sex is Mae West in New York City was sentenced to 10 days in jail. After eight days, she is released for good conduct.
• 1936 : The Violin Concerto by Alban Berg after the composer's death, led by Hermann Scherchen at the music festival in the Palau de la Música Catalana premiered in Barcelona.
• 1941 : Bertolt Brecht's drama Mother Courage and Her Children is premiered at the Schauspielhaus Zurich . The material of the epic play comes from the picaresque novel Trutz Simplex or the biography of the Ertz cheater and landstorter Courasche by Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen .
• 1945 : The musical Carousel , the musical realization of the play Liliom by Ferenc Molnár by Richard Rodgers with texts by Oscar Hammerstein , is premiered at the Majestic Theater in New York.
• 1947 : The opera Veronika by Rafael Kubelik has its world premiere in Brno.
• 1951 : Günter Eich's radio play Dreams is premiered on NWDR 1.
• 1966 : The first broadcast of the satire Das Bohrloch or Bavaria is not Texas on German television provokes some outrage.

1987: The Simpsons

• 1987 : The cartoon characters of the Simpson family created by Matt Groening make their first television appearance in a short film on the Tracey Ullman Show . The series The Simpsons was created around these characters .
• 1988 : The American band Public Enemy releases their album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back , which becomes one of the best-selling rap albums of all time.
• 1990 : In the Bibliotheca Hertziana , the Hanno and Ilse Hahn Prize is awarded for the first time as recognition and to promote young art historians.

society

• 1770 : Marie Antoinette is married by procurationem to the Dauphin Louis-Auguste in the Augustinian Church in Vienna and begins her bridal trip to Versailles two days later .
• 1912 : Investigations into the sinking of the Titanic begin before a committee of the US Senate . By May 25, more than 80 witnesses will be interviewed about the ship disaster.
• 1956 : The American actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier III in the Saint Nicolas Cathedral in Monaco . from Monaco .

religion

1213: Innocent III.

• 1213 : Pope Innocent III. convenes a council . It takes place as the Fourth Lateran Council in November 1215.
• 2005 : The German Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected Pope by the conclave at the age of 78 . The first Pope of German descent for almost 500 years gives himself the name Benedict XVI. The sedis vacancy after the death of John Paul II ended after 17 days. The result will be announced by Cardinal Protodeacon Jorge Arturo Medina Estévez .

Disasters

• 1689 : The decoration ignites during an opera performance in the theater of the Danish palace Amalienborg . The theater and the castle, to which the flames spread, are destroyed in the fire. 171 people die, among them the composer Johan Lorentz .
• 1902 : An earthquake of intensity 7.5 in Guatemala , Central America, calls for about 2,000 deaths.

1904: Toronto after the Great Fire

• 1904 : The city of Toronto is severely damaged by a nine hour raging fire. 104 buildings are destroyed, the total damage is 10 million Canadian dollars, but nobody dies.

1989: turret explosion

• 1989 : During practice shooting on the battleship USS Iowa (BB-61) , a serious accident occurs in the second forward turret, which explodes and kills 47 sailors.
• 2000 : A Boeing 737 -200 of the Philippine Airlines crashes during the landing approach on the Philippine island of Samal from. All 131 people on board die.
• 2015 : Up to 800 refugees who were en route from Libya to Italy died in a ship accident in the Mediterranean on the night of April 18-19.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Sports

• 1879 : FC St. Gallen , the second oldest football club on the European mainland after the Lausanne Football and Cricket Club and the oldest still existing football club in Switzerland, is founded.
• 1897 : The Boston Marathon is the first outside the Olympic Games organized marathon in sports. 15 athletes start in Boston .

Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .

Born

Before the 18th century

• 0626 : Eanflæd . Northumbrian king and queen, later abbess of Whitby Abbey
• 1452 : Frederick I , ruler of Naples
• 1458 : Alessandro Cinuzzi , Italian page
• 1483 : Paolo Giovio , Italian writer
• 1501 : Erasmus Sarcerius , Lutheran theologian and reformer
• 1522 : Joachim von Beust , German lawyer
• 1598 : Johann Crüger , German composer of well-known church songs
• 1603 : Michel Le Tellier , French statesman
• 1605 : Orazio Benevoli , Italian conductor and composer
• 1607 : Valentin Thilo the Younger , German Lutheran theologian, professor of rhetoric and hymn poet
• 1616 : Ludwig IV. , Duke of Liegnitz
• 1633 : Willem Drost , Dutch painter (date of baptism)
• 1635 : Samuel Reyher , German mathematician and astronomer

Johann Wilhelm (* 1658)

• 1658 : Johann Wilhelm , Count Palatine and Duke of Pfalz-Neuburg, Elector of the Palatinate
• 1660 : Sebastián Durón , Spanish organist and composer
• 1666 : Sarah Kemble Knight , English settler in New England and writer
• 1688 : Ernst August I , Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach
• 1692 : Wilhelm Ernst Starke , German Reformed theologian, philologist and hymn poet
• 1695 : Georg Albrecht , Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels-Barby
• 1696 : Franz Philipp von Wildenstein , Knight of the Teutonic Order
• 1697 : Johann Georg Gerstlacher , German Jesuit, missionary in Mexico and the Philippines

18th century

• 1708 : Zacharias Vogel , German doctor in Lübeck
• 1711 : Jacob Engelbert Teschemacher , German organ builder
• 1715 : James Nares , British composer and organist
• 1749 : Ōta Nampo , Japanese writer
• 1752 : Friederike Brion , lover of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
• 1757 : Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth , British Admiral
• 1759 : August Wilhelm Iffland , German actor, theater director and playwright

Therese von Artner (* 1772)

• 1772 : Therese von Artner , Austrian writer
• 1773 : John Wayles Eppes , American politician
• 1774 : Johann Nepomuk von Schmiel , Swiss politician and officer
• 1776 : Vasily Michailowitsch Golownin , Russian naval officer and explorer
• 1777 : Karl Wilhelm von Toll , Russian general of Baltic German origin
• 1791 : William Orlando Butler , American politician
• 1791 : Ludwig Dankegott Cramer , German Protestant clergyman and university professor
• 1792 : Antoine Jean-Louis Galland , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor
• 1793 : Ferdinand I , Emperor of Austria
• 1795 : Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg , German biologist and zoologist
• 1796 : Franz Anton von Gerstner , Austrian engineer and railway pioneer
• 1798 : Franz glasses , German opera composer and conductor
• 1798 : Heinrich Maria von Hess , German painter

19th century

1801-1850

• 1801 : Gustav Theodor Fechner , German physicist and philosopher
• 1807 : Jules André , French painter
• 1809 : Emil Braun , German archaeologist
• 1811 : Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg , Austrian entrepreneur
• 1812 : Joachim Marquardt , German high school teacher and historian
• 1814 : Amédée Achard , French writer
• 1816 : Joseph-Maurice Exelmans , French admiral
• 1819 : Johann Jakob Stadler , Swiss landscape painter
• 1824 : Hermann von Schelling , German lawyer and politician

José Echgaray (* 1832)

• 1832 : José Echegaray , Spanish playwright and politician, Nobel Prize winner
• 1833 : Wayne MacVeagh , American politician
• 1835 : Hermann Landois , German zoology professor
• 1837 : Hugo Sholto Oskar Georg von Douglas , German writer, entrepreneur and politician
• 1837 : Wilhelm Hasenclever , German politician, MdR
• 1840 : August Ernst Rauschenbusch , German educator and Lutheran clergyman
• 1843 : Albert Hertel , German painter
• 1846 : Ignaz Auer , German politician
• 1846 : Luis Jorge Fontana , Argentine military, politician, naturalist and writer
• 1847 : Ferdinand Fellner the Younger , Austrian architect
• 1847 : Eva Gonzalès , French impressionist painter
• 1850 : Richard von Schubert , Prussian officer

1851-1900

• 1854 : Charles Angrand , French painter
• 1854 : Emma Pieczynska-Reichenbach , Swiss abolitionist and women's rights activist
• 1858 : Leopold Engel , German actor and occultist, founder of the Illuminati
• 1858 : Siegfried Ochs , German choir director and composer

May Robson (* 1858)

• 1858 : May Robson , American actress
• 1863 : Felix Michailowitsch Blumenfeld , Russian composer
• 1864 : Liborius Gerstenberger , German clergyman and politician
• 1864 : Johannes Müller , German Protestant theologian
• 1865 : John Morrow , American politician
• 1866 : Henri Deterding , Dutch entrepreneur
• 1867 : James Cullen , Irish mathematician
• 1868 : Adolf Vinnen , German shipowner, company founder and politician
• 1868 : Max von Schillings , German composer, conductor and theater director
• 1869 : Ignatius Maloyan , Armenian Catholic Archbishop of Mardin

Alice Salomon (* 1872)

• 1872 : Alice Salomon , liberal social reformer in the German women's movement
• 1873 : Alexander Dominicus , German liberal politician
• 1874 : Ernst Rüdin , Swiss doctor, psychiatrist and racial hygienist
• 1876 : Lilly Braumann-Honsell , German author
• 1876 : Heinrich zu Mecklenburg , German nobleman
• 1877 : Alice Neven DuMont , German social and local politician
• 1879 : Paul Koschaker , Austrian lawyer
• 1879 : Richard Scheibe , German sculptor
• 1880 : Yevgeny Yevgenyevich Sluzki , Soviet mathematical statistician and economist
• 1881 : Hans Löscher , German writer and educator
• 1881 : William von Simpson , German writer
• 1882 : William Palmer , British walker

Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (* 1882)

• 1882 : Getúlio Vargas , President of Brazil
• 1883 : Hans Burgeff , German botanist and university professor
• 1883 : Richard von Mises , Austrian mathematician
• 1886 : Louis Ruyter Radcliffe Grote , German doctor
• 1886 : Manuel Bandeira , Brazilian poet
• 1887 : Marie Arning , German politician
• 1887 : Yuri Fedorowitsch Lapchinsky , politician and one of the founders and leaders of Ukrainian national communism
• 1888 : Elias Aslaksen , Norwegian preacher
• 1888 : Oswald Menghin , Austrian university professor, prehistorian and minister of education
• 1889 : Joe Dawson , American racing car driver

Otto Georg Thierack (* 1889)

• 1889 : Otto Georg Thierack , German politician, Reich Minister of Justice
• 1891 : Henrik Adam Due , Norwegian violinist and music teacher
• 1891 : Ludwig Thoma , German local politician
• 1892 : Germaine Tailleferre , French composer
• 1894 : Anton Schütz , German-American artist, author and publisher
• 1895 : Anton Franciscus Pieck , Dutch painter, draftsman and graphic artist
• 1895 : Herman Roosdorp , Dutch-Belgian racing driver
• 1896 : Esteban Canal , Peruvian chess grandmaster
• 1896 : Hugo Herrmann , German composer, organist and choir director
• 1897 : Bruno Diekmann , Prime Minister of Schleswig-Holstein
• 1898 : Constance Talmadge , American actress
• 1899 : Robert Lusser , German engineer
• 1900 : Richard Hughes , British writer
• 1900 : Alexander Lukitsch Ptuschko , Soviet film director

20th century

1901-1925

• 1901 : Rose Oehmichen , German actress and co-founder of the Augsburger Puppenkiste
• 1902 : Paul Collart , Swiss archaeologist
• 1902 : Weniamin Alexandrowitsch Kawerin , Russian writer
• 1903 : Walter Ackermann , Swiss pilot and writer
• 1903 : Howard E. Armstrong , American lawyer and politician

Eliot Ness (born 1903)

• 1903 : Eliot Ness , American tax officer and prohibition agent
• 1903 : Lotte Ulbricht , German party functionary in the GDR, wife of Walter Ulbricht
• 1905 : John Niemann , German chess problem composer
• 1906 : Luis Alberti , Dominican merengue composer
• 1906 : Alois Brems , Catholic Bishop of Eichstätt
• 1906 : Ludwig Claussen , German politician
• 1907 : Lina Basquette , American actress
• 1908 : Joseph Keilberth , German concert and opera conductor
• 1909 : Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander , Irish chess master
• 1911 : Helmut Berthold , German field handball player
• 1911 : Wilhelm Sold , German football player
• 1912 : Gerhart Ziller , German resistance fighter against National Socialism and politician, multiple minister in the GDR
• 1912 : Glenn T. Seaborg , American chemist and nuclear physicist
• 1912 : Rudolf Fischer , German-Swiss racing driver
• 1914 : Ugo Poletti , Archbishop of Spoleto and Cardinal
• 1915 : Dorian Le Gallienne , Australian composer
• 1916 : Bruno Chizzo , Italian football player

Gerhard Wendland (* 1916)

• 1916 : Gerhard Wendland , German pop singer
• 1920 : Kazimierz Smoleń , Polish resistance fighter, prisoner in Auschwitz concentration camp and director of the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
• 1921 : Yitzchak Nawon , Israeli politician
• 1921 : Roberto Tucci , Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
• 1921 : Hans Landauer , Austrian freedom fighter in the Spanish Civil War
• 1921 : Reece Shipley , American country musician
• 1922 : Werner Cyprys , German singer, composer, songwriter and music producer
• 1922 : Erich Hartmann , German air force officer and fighter pilot
• 1922 : Kuno Klötzer , German soccer coach
• 1924 : Kawasaki Masaru , Japanese composer and professor
• 1924 : Werner Kohlmeyer , German football player

1926-1950

• 1926 : Sonja Åkesson , Swedish writer and artist
• 1927 : John Diercks , American composer and pianist
• 1927 : Ernst Lange , German Protestant theologian
• 1928 : Helga Anschütz , German orientalist, geographer and lecturer
• 1928 : Karlheinz Kaske , German engineer, chairman of Siemens, honorary professor

Alexis Korner (* 1928)

• 1928 : Alexis Korner , English blues musician
• 1929 : Kyu-Myung Chung , Korean physicist
• 1929 : Edward Crook , American boxer
• 1929 : Hans R. Beierlein , German media manager and music publisher
• 1929 : Marco Richterich , Swiss painter
• 1930 : Georg Denzler , German Catholic priest and professor of theology
• 1930 : Kurt Schmidtchen , German actor
• 1931 : José de Jesús Aguilera Rodríguez , Mexican bishop
• 1931 : Clement Athelston Arrindell , politician and lawyer from St. Kitts and Nevis, governor, governor-general
• 1931 : Frederick P. Brooks , American computer scientist
• 1931 : Friedrich Janke , German athlete
• 1932 : Andrea Mead-Lawrence , American skier
• 1932 : Fernando Botero , Colombian painter
• 1933 : Jayne Mansfield , American film actress

Jean Ziegler (* 1934)

• 1934 : Jean Ziegler , Swiss sociologist, politician and author
• 1935 : Dudley Moore , English actor and comedian
• 1935 : Eckhart Müller-Heydenreich , German lawyer
• 1935 : Justin Francis Rigali , Archbishop of Philadelphia and Cardinal
• 1936 : Bernhard Klee , conductor and pianist
• 1936 : Wilfried Martens , Belgian lawyer, politician and head of government
• 1937 : Kaoru Shōji , Japanese writer
• 1938 : Katsuhito Asano , Japanese politician
• 1939 : Peter Berthold , German biologist, ethnologist and zoologist
• 1939 : Basil van Rooyen , South African racing car driver
• 1940 : Kurt Ahrens , German racing car driver
• 1940 : Werner Anzill , German football player
• 1940 : Frank Davey , Canadian poet, writer and university professor
• 1940 : Otto Emersleben , German writer
• 1940 : Peter Gabor , German football referee
• 1940 : Bernd Heinrich , American-German biologist
• 1940 : Erwin Kaldarasch , German handball player and coach
• 1940 : Sydney Possuelo , Brazilian Indian protection activist
• 1941 : Edit Buchholz , German table tennis player
• 1941 : Leopoldo Igarza , Venezuelan composer, guitarist and music teacher
• 1941 : Jürgen Kocka , German social historian
• 1942 : Alan Price , British musician
• 1942 : Arthur Bloom , American television director

Frank Elstner (* 1942)

• 1942 : Frank Elstner , German TV show master
• 1942 : Tilman Nagel , German scholar of Islam
• 1943 : Bela Toth , Italian chess player
• 1943 : Claus Theo Gärtner , German actor
• 1943 : Gudrun Reinboth , German writer
• 1943 : Hilde De Ridder-Symoens , Belgian historian
• 1944 : James Heckman , American economist, Nobel Prize winner
• 1944 : Klaus Miebach , German lawyer, judge at the Federal Court of Justice
• 1944 : Lothar Romain , German journalist and art scholar
• 1944 : Stefan Schütz , German writer
• 1944 : Bernie Worrell , American musician
• 1945 : Ferenc Vozar , German ice hockey player

Tim Curry (* 1946)

• 1946 : Duygu Asena , Turkish journalist, writer and women's rights activist
• 1946 : Tim Curry , British actor and singer
• 1947 : Michael Herbricht , German politician
• 1947 : Murray Perahia , pianist of Sephardic origin
• 1947 : Norbert Conrad Kaser , South Tyrolean poet
• 1947 : Sandro Petraglia , Italian film critic and screenwriter
• 1947 : Tassilo Küpper , German mathematician
• 1948 : Chester Biscardi , American composer and music teacher
• 1949 : Joachim Sauer , German physical chemist
• 1949 : Paloma Picasso , Spanish-French designer
• 1949 : Sergei Nikolajewitsch Volkov , Soviet figure skater
• 1950 : Harald Hein , German fencer
• 1950 : Ulli Melkus , car racing driver from the GDR

1951-1975

• 1951 : Marcus Creed , British conductor
• 1951 : Jóannes Eidesgaard , Faroese politician
• 1951 : Alain Lalonde , Canadian composer
• 1952 : Alexis Argüello , Nicaraguan boxing and politician
• 1953 : Joe Bausch , German doctor, author and actor
• 1953 : Sara Simeoni , Italian athlete
• 1954 : Trevor Francis , English football player and coach
• 1954 : Res Ingold , Swiss visual artist

Ingrid Peters (* 1954)

• 1954 : Ingrid Peters , German singer
• 1954 : Bob Rock , Canadian record producer and sound engineer
• 1956 : Sue Barker , English tennis player
• 1956 : Gundi Feyrer , German visual artist and writer
• 1956 : Ulrich Sude , German soccer coach
• 1957 : Mukesh Ambani , Indian entrepreneur
• 1957 : Ian Edmondson , American freestyle skier
• 1957 : Lilli Gruber , South Tyrolean journalist and politician
• 1957 : Tony Martin , British rock singer
• 1959 : Patricia Charbonneau , American actress
• 1960 : Nicoletta Braschi , Italian actress

Gustavo Petro (* 1960)

• 1960 : Gustavo Petro , Colombian politician
• 1961 : Kirsten Emmelmann , German athlete, Olympic medalist
• 1961 : Serge Falck , Belgian-Austrian actor, cabaret artist, chansonnier and screenwriter
• 1961 : David Klein , Swiss musician and composer
• 1961 : Baldassarre Monti , Italian motorcycle racer
• 1961 : Bernd Stelter , German comedian
• 1962 : Silvia Schmitt , German handball player
• 1962 : Pål Trulsen , Norwegian curler
• 1962 : Dorian Yates , British bodybuilder
• 1963 : Mika Kojonkoski , Finnish ski jumper and jumping coach
• 1963 : Christian Strohmann , German trombonist, trumpeter, trombone choir leader and music teacher
• 1964 : Frank-Peter Roetsch , German biathlete
• 1965 : Melitta Rühn , Romanian gymnast
• 1965 : Suge Knight , American entrepreneur
• 1966 : Véronique Gens , French soprano
• 1966 : Julia Neigel , German singer-songwriter, producer and entertainer
• 1966 : Norwich Rüße , German politician

Oliver Welke (* 1966)

• 1966 : Oliver Welke , German comedian and television presenter
• 1967 : Robert Viktor Minich , German actor
• 1967 : Tine Sundtoft , Norwegian politician
• 1967 : Dar Williams , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1968 : Johannes Flöck , German comedian and presenter
• 1968 : Ashley Judd , American actress
• 1968 : Mswati III. , King of Swaziland

Zsuzsa Polgár (* 1969)

• 1969 : Zsuzsa Polgár , Hungarian-American chess player
• 1969 : Stefanie Schuster , Austrian ski racer
• 1970 : Manuel Apicella , French chess player
• 1970 : Kelly Holmes , British athlete
• 1970 : Jesús Lucendo , Andorran football player
• 1970 : Christian Mazzuca , Argentine painter and composer
• 1971 : Stanislaw Vladimirovich Kulintschenko , Russian handball player and official
• 1972 : Django Asül , German-Turkish cabaret artist
• 1972 : Sonja Nef , Swiss skier
• 1972 : Rivaldo , Brazilian soccer player
• 1973 : Andrei Krõlov , Estonian football player
• 1973 : Michael Schefts , Austrian actor
• 1974 : Marcus Ehning , German show jumper
• 1974 : Gentleman , German reggae musician
• 1974 : Glenn Skram , Norwegian Nordic combined skier
• 1974 : David Szlezak , Austrian handball player
• 1975 : Townsend Bell , American racing driver
• 1975 : Yōsuke Fukuda , Japanese composer
• 1975 : Jussi Jääskeläinen , Finnish football goalkeeper

1976-2000

• 1977 : Lucien Mettomo , Cameroonian football player
• 1978 : Dorothee Bär , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1978 : Gabriel Heinze , Argentine soccer player
• 1978 : James Franco , American actor
• 1979 : Hæge Fagerhus , Norwegian handball player
• 1979 : Michael Holtschulte , German cartoonist, caricaturist and illustrator

Kate Hudson (* 1979)

• 1979 : Kate Hudson , American actress
• 1979 : Antoaneta Stefanowa , Bulgarian chess player
• 1980 : Jordi Escura , Andorran football player
• 1981 : Hayden Christensen , Canadian actor
• 1981 : Catalina Sandino Moreno , Colombian actress
• 1982 : Lyudmila Ananka , Belarusian biathlete
• 1982 : Filip Jícha , Czech handball player and coach
• 1982 : Julian Lüttmann , German soccer player
• 1983 : Fethi Ahmed Atunsi , Libyan cyclist
• 1983 : Stefan Kulovits , Austrian soccer player
• 1985 : Gustavo Colman , Argentine soccer player
• 1985 : Jan Zimmermann , German soccer player
• 1985 : Valon Behrami , Swiss football player
• 1985 : Niki Zimling , Danish football player
• 1986 : Arthit Sunthornpit , Thai soccer player
• 1986 : Gabe Pruitt , American basketball player
• 1987 : Oxana Alexandrovna Akinschina , Russian actress
• 1987 : Isabel Berghout , German-Dutch actress
• 1987 : David Brandl , Austrian swimmer
• 1987 : Joe Hart , English soccer player
• 1987 : Alexandre Imperatori , Swiss racing driver

Maria Sharapova (* 1987)

• 1987 : Marija Jurjewna Sharapova , Russian tennis player
• 1987 : Daniel Schuhmacher , German musician
• 1988 : Diego Buonanotte , Argentinian soccer player
• 1988 : Philip Butz , German actor
• 1988 : Luka Karabatic , French handball player
• 1988 : Radmila Petrović , Montenegrin handball player
• 1989 : Genoveva Añonma , Equatorial Guinean soccer player
• 1989 : Marko Arnautović , Austrian football player
• 1989 : Dominik Mader , German soccer player
• 1989 : Tom Mickel , German football goalkeeper
• 1989 : Anne Rieckhof , German actress
• 1990 : Tom Van Asbroeck , Belgian racing cyclist
• 1990 : Héctor Herrera , Mexican soccer player
• 1990 : Christian Hirschbühl , Austrian ski racer
• 1990 : Damien Le Tallec , French football player
• 1991 : Kelly Olynyk , Canadian basketball player
• 1992 : Mette Sjøberg , Danish handball player
• 1993 : Giordan Harris , Marshall Islands swimmer
• 1993 : Lia Wälti , Swiss football player
• 1995 : Kevin Akpoguma , German-Nigerian soccer player
• 1995 : Kevin Mbabu , Swiss football player
• 1997 : Thore Jacobsen , German soccer player
• 1997 : Atte Korhonen , Finnish Nordic combined athlete

Died

Before the 16th century

• 0065 : Gaius Calpurnius Piso , Roman politician, speaker and patron of literature
• 0843 : Judith , second wife of Louis the Pious
• 1013 : Hisham II , Caliph of Cordoba
• 1044 : Gotzelo I , Duke of Lower and Upper Lorraine
• 1054 : Leo IX. , Pope
• 1166 : Galéran IV , Earl of Meulan and Earl of Worcester
• 1312 : Othon de Champvent , Bishop of Lausanne
• 1321 : Gerasimos I , Patriarch of Constantinople
• 1323 : Eberhard III. von Breuberg , bailiff in the Wetterau
• 1374 : Tile von Damm , Brunswick councilor
• 1390 : Robert II , Scottish King
• 1431 : Adolf III. , Count of Waldeck zu Landau
• 1477 : Andreas Geverdes , Mayor of Lübeck
• 1497 : Pierre Basin , Franco-Flemish singer

16th to 18th century

• 1507 : Ruprecht von Pfalz-Simmern , Bishop of Regensburg
• 1510 : Ulrich Fugger , German merchant and banker
• 1511 : Edo Wiemken the Younger , last male ruler of the Jever reign
• 1519 : Thuringia Fricker , Swiss politician
• 1524 : Petrus Mosellanus , German philologist, theologian and doctor of the church

Philipp Melanchthon († 1560)

• 1560 : Philipp Melanchthon , German reformer, theologian, philologist, philosopher, humanist, textbook author and poet
• 1567 : Michael Stifel , German theologian and mathematician
• 1578 : Uesugi Kenshin , daimyo of the Japanese Sengoku period
• 1588 : Paolo Veronese , Italian Renaissance painter
• 1598 : Hans Fugger , German entrepreneur, Fugger merchant and patron
• 1608 : Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset , English statesman, playwright and poet
• 1638 : Jeremias Drexel , German Jesuit and author of the Counter-Reformation
• 1642 : Johannes Assuerus Ampzing , Dutch medic
• 1645 : Antonio van Diemen , Governor General of the Dutch East Indies
• 1654 : Matei Basarab , voivode of Wallachia
• 1654 : Ottilia Preussing , victim of the witch hunt in Homburg vor der Höhe
• 1658 : Kirsten Munk , second wife of the Danish King Christian IV.
• 1658 : Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick , English colonial administrator, admiral and puritan
• 1680 : Marie Hedwig of Hessen-Darmstadt , Duchess of Saxony-Meiningen
• 1689 : Christina I , Queen of Sweden
• 1689 : Johan Lorentz , Danish composer
• 1706 : Galenus Abraham de Haen , Dutch physician and Mennonite preacher
• 1712 : Benedikt von Ahlefeldt , Lord on Osterrade, Kluvensiek, Sehestedt, Kronsburg and bearer of the Danebrog order
• 1730 : Maria Amalia , Archduchess of Austria
• 1733 : Elizabeth Douglas-Hamilton, Countess of Orkney , English noblewoman and mistress of King Williams III.
• 1768 : Giovanni Antonio Canal , called Canaletto , Italian vedute and landscape painter
• 1772 : Johann Peter Kellner , German composer
• 1773 : Florian Johann Deller , Austrian composer and violinist
• 1799 : Pieter Hellendaal , Dutch composer, organist and violinist
• 1800 : Jean-Rodolphe Vautravers , Swiss-English naturalist and art dealer

19th century

• 1822 : Franz II. Xaver von Salm-Reifferscheidt , Austrian cardinal and Prince-Bishop von Gurk
• 1824 : George Gordon Byron , English poet
• 1824 : Johannes Aloysius Martyni-Laguna , German private scholar
• 1825 : Heinrich Ernst von Schönburg-Rochsburg , German farmer and sheep farmer
• 1828 : Carlo Francesco Maria Caselli , Italian cardinal
• 1831 : Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger , German astronomer and mathematician
• 1837 : Jean Pierre Frédéric Ancillon , Prussian statesman and educator
• 1850 : Ernst von Hessen-Philippsthal-Barchfeld , Russian cavalry general
• 1861 : Charles Ashe à Court-Repington , British general
• 1878 : Peter Tidemand Malling , Norwegian printer, publisher and bookseller
• 1881 : Benjamin Disraeli , British Prime Minister

Charles Darwin († 1882)

• 1882 : Charles Darwin , British naturalist and founder of the theory of evolution
• 1885 : Richard Ansdell , English painter
• 1888 : Arunah Shepherdson Abell , American publisher
• 1888 : Thomas Russell Crampton , British mechanical engineer and engineer
• 1896 : Arthur I. Boreman , American politician
• 1896 : Matthäus Hörfarter , Austrian Catholic theologian

20th century

1901-1950

• 1902 : Lucien Lester Ainsworth , American attorney and politician, member of the House of Representatives for Iowa
• 1903 : Oliver Mowat , Canadian politician

Pierre Curie († 1906)

• 1906 : Pierre Curie , French physicist, Nobel Prize winner
• 1906 : Spencer Gore , British tennis and English cricketer
• 1912 : Hugo Sholto Oskar Georg von Douglas , German writer, entrepreneur and politician
• 1913 : Hugo Winckler , German archaeologist and linguist
• 1914 : Karl Dehner , German homeland researcher
• 1914 : Emil Heinrich Otto Müller , German classical philologist and pedagogue
• 1914 : Charles Sanders Peirce , American mathematician, philosopher, and logician
• 1919 : Joseph Gagnier , Canadian clarinetist
• 1922 : Marjorie Pickthall , English-Canadian writer
• 1922 : Theodor von Scheve , German chess master
• 1929 : Leo von Abbema , German architect
• 1930 : Bruno d'Harcourt , French racing car driver
• 1933 : Adolf Stoltze , German journalist and local poet
• 1937 : William Morton Wheeler , American ethologist, taxonomist, and ant researcher
• 1938 : Georg Schrimpf , German painter and graphic artist, representative of the New Objectivity
• 1941 : Johanna Müller-Hermann , Austrian composer
• 1945 : Walter Dönicke , German local politician, Lord Mayor of Leipzig
• 1945 : Emil Rungwerth , German homeland researcher

Andō Rikichi († 1946)

• 1946 : Andō Rikichi , Japanese general

1951-2000

• 1952 : Carl von Attems-Petzenstein , Austrian zoologist
• 1952 : Jean-Marie Musy , Swiss politician
• 1956 : Ernst Robert Curtius , scholar and Romanist
• 1958 : Albert Akst , American musician and film editor
• 1959 : Gustav Kramer , German biologist, ornithologist and zoologist, discovered the sun compass in birds
• 1963 : Germaine Malépart , Canadian pianist and music teacher
• 1966 : Gösta Åsbrink , Swedish athlete
• 1966 : Erhard König , German communist and official of the People's Police
• 1966 : Ernst Sigg , Swiss church musician and high school teacher
• 1966 : Javier Solís , Mexican singer

Konrad Adenauer († 1967)

• 1967 : Konrad Adenauer , German lawyer and politician, Lord Mayor of Cologne, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag, Federal Chancellor, Federal Minister
• 1970 : Konrad Frühwald , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1970 : Rosl Schwaiger , Austrian singer
• 1972 : Adolf Bach , German specialist in German
• 1973 : Hans Kelsen , American lawyer
• 1975 : Robert Aron , French historian and essayist
• 1975 : Aksel Schiøtz , Danish singer and music teacher
• 1977 : Günter Bruno Fuchs , German writer and graphic artist
• 1979 : Wilhelm Bittrich , German general
• 1979 : Rogers Morton , American politician, minister, Maryland Congressman in the House of Representatives
• 1983 : Jerzy Andrzejewski , Polish writer
• 1984 : Gustav Scheck , German flautist, director of the Freiburg University of Music
• 1985 : Willie Mabon , American R&B singer

Daphne du Maurier († 1989)

• 1989 : Daphne du Maurier , British writer
• 1991 : Josef Wallner , German politician
• 1991 : Dilarə Əliyeva , Azerbaijani philologist and translator, feminist and politician
• 1993 : Steve Douglas , American rock saxophonist
• 1993 : Blas Galindo , Mexican composer
• 1994 : Jochen Ziem , German writer
• 1998 : Octavio Paz , Mexican writer and diplomat, Nobel Prize winner
• 1999 : Léon Barzin , American conductor
• 1999 : Hermine Braunsteiner-Ryan , German guard in the Ravensbrück and Majdanek concentration camps
• 2000 : Louis Applebaum , Canadian composer

21st century

• 2001 : Edith Picht-Axenfeld , German harpsichordist
• 2002 : Reginald Rose , American writer

Mirza Tahir Ahmad († 2003)

• 2003 : Mirza Tahir Ahmad , 4th Khalifat ul-Massih
• 2003 : Julián Plaza , Argentine tango composer and arranger, bandoneonist and pianist
• 2003 : Aurelio Sabattani , Italian Curia Cardinal
• 2004 : Jim Cantalupo , American entrepreneur ( McDonald’s )
• 2004 : John Maynard Smith , British geneticist and evolutionary biologist
• 2004 : Norris McWhirter , British publisher
• 2004 : Wolfgang Unger , German choir director
• 2005 : Stan Levey , American jazz drummer
• 2005 : Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen , Danish jazz bassist
• 2006 : Albert Scott Crossfield , US test pilot
• 2006 : Manuel Sánchez Acosta , Dominican doctor and composer
• 2007 : Jean-Pierre Cassel , French actor
• 2007 : Laurens Straub , Dutch actor, director and producer
• 2008 : Alfonso López Trujillo , Colombian Cardinal Curia
• 2008 : Germaine Tillion , French ethnologist and resistance fighter
• 2009 : James Graham Ballard , British writer
• 2010 : Manfred Angerer , Austrian musicologist
• 2010 : Manuel Fernández Álvarez , Spanish historian
• 2010 : Guru , American rapper
• 2010 : Edwin Valero , Venezuelan boxer

Elisabeth Sladen († 2011)

• 2011 : Elisabeth Sladen , British actress
• 2011 : Andreas Urschlechter , Lord Mayor of Nuremberg
• 2011 : Grete Waitz , Norwegian athlete
• 2012 : Levon Helm , American musician
• 2012 : Holger Schmezer , German dressage rider and riding trainer
• 2013 : Kenneth Appel , American mathematician
• 2013 : François Jacob , French physician, Nobel Prize winner
• 2014 : Theophil Antonicek , Austrian musicologist
• 2015 : Oktay Sinanoğlu , Turkish chemist and molecular biologist
• 2015 : Elio Toaff , Italian rabbi
• 2016 : Patricio Aylwin , Chilean politician, President
• 2016 : Karl-Heinz von Hassel , German actor
• 2016 : Walter Kohn , American physicist, Nobel Prize winner
• 2017 : Aaron Hernandez , American football player
• 2017 : Norbert Trippen , German theologian and church historian
• 2018 : Klaus Michael Meyer-Abich , German natural philosopher
• 2018 : Herbert Pilch , German Anglicist, Celtologist and politician
• 2020 : Richard Wadani , Austrian deserter of the Wehrmacht and political activist

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • Philipp Melanchthon , German professor and reformer (Protestant)
  • St. Leo IX. , German nobleman, priest and bishop, pope and patron saint (catholic)

• Name days
  • Gerold

The list of commemorative and action days contains further entries .

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Commons : April 19th  - Collection of images, videos and audio files