Therese von Artner

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Therese von Artner

Therese von Artner (born April 19, 1772 in Schintau , Neutra County , Upper Hungary ; † November 25, 1829 in Agram , Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia ) was a Hungarian-German writer.

Life

Therese von Artner was the eldest of five daughters of the imperial-royal major general Leopold von Artner and Magdalena von Artner nee. from Hubert . Both parents came from the Hungarian town of Ödenburg , where the family returned in 1781. Therese von Artner received a good education there and for a few years lessons in religion, writing, letter style, geography and later drawing and French. In addition, she taught herself the Italian language so well that she could read works by Italian authors in the original.

Therese von Artner was particularly interested in works by Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock , whose epic Messiah helped her to come to terms with the loss of her sister Josephe, John Milton's epic Paradise Lost and works by the Göttingen historians Johann Christoph Gatterer , August Ludwig von Schlözer , Christian Gottlob Heyne and Arnold Armies . At the age of 16, after working on epic poems such as Voltaire's Henriade and Torquato Tasso's Gerusalemme liberata, she wrote her first epic Conradin der Hohenstaufe, which dealt with the fate of Konradin von Hohenstaufen , but remained unfinished.

When the mother died in 1796, Therese von Artner, the eldest daughter, took over the management of the household, the care of the sick father and the upbringing of her three younger sisters. After her father's death in 1799, she lived with her friend Maria Elisabeth Countess Zay von Csömör née. Baroness von Calisch at the Buscan and Zay-Ugrocz castles and frequented her literary circle, where she was highly regarded. Together with her friend, the civil servant's daughter and later writer Marianne von Tiell, she had her early poems published in Jena in 1800 under the title Field Flowers, collected by Nina and Theone in Hungary's corridors . The work was positively assessed by the critics, but hardly noticed in Hungary itself. Therese von Artner kept the pseudonym Theone for later publications.

Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, Therese von Artners sponsor.

In 1803 she visited her sister Charlotte in Freiburg im Breisgau , which at that time was still the capital of Upper Austria . There she made the acquaintance of Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and his friends Karl von Rotteck , Joseph Albrecht von Ittner , Johannes Matthias Alexander Ecker and Gottlieb Konrad Pfeffel . During this time, the Newer Poems by Theone, which were influenced in style and content by their patron Jacobi, were created, which Therese von Artner sent to Tübingen shortly before her return to Ödenburg , where they appeared in 1806 under her pseudonym. In the winter of 1804 Therese von Artner lived again on the Maria von Zays estate. Numerous publications followed, mainly of poems, in magazines such as Aglaja , Minerva and Jacobis Iris. In 1807 Therese von Artner stayed in Vienna for two months , where her sister Charlotte mourned the death of her husband. There she met the Austrian writer Gabriele von Baumberg , with whom she became a close friend in the following years.

Caroline Pichler, friend of Therese von Artners

Under the impression of Napoleon's first military defeat in the Battle of Aspern on 21./22. In May 1809, Therese von Artner wrote the epic The Battle of Aspern the following year , which glorified the performance of the Austrian troops. However, since Austria had in the meantime been defeated and forced to conclude an alliance with France, State Chancellor Klemens Wenzel Lothar von Metternich prohibited the publication of the work. It was not until 1812 that parts of it could appear in Hormayr's historical archive . At the time of the Vienna Congress , Therese von Artner was in Vienna with her friend Maria von Zay. There they made the acquaintance of the writer Caroline Pichler . Both were regular guests in Pichler's literary salon, where Therese von Artner also became friends with Franz Grillparzer . Several plays followed, such as the dramatized prelude to Adolf Müllner's play Die Schuld , which was published under the title Die That in 1817. Therese von Artner spent her last years with her sister Wilhelmine Romano in Zagreb, which was then called Agram in German. In addition to historical dramas related to Slavic history such as Rogneda and Wladimir and Stille Größe , there was also her best-known work, the letters about part of Croatia and Italy , which are addressed to Caroline Pichler. Therese von Artner died unmarried and childless in Zagreb in 1829.

Works

Title page of Die That , published in
Leipzig.
Letters over part of Croatia and Italy , 1830

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Therese von Artner  - sources and full texts
Commons : Therese von Artner  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Only Wilhelmine, Charlotte and Amalie reached adulthood, Josephe died in 1784.
  2. ↑ Schindel, p. 16.
  3. ↑ Schindel, p. 17.
  4. ↑ After her marriage she published under the name Marianne von Neumann-Meißenthal.
  5. ↑ Therese von Artner published her poem Die Barren der Finlichkeit here in 1820 .
  6. ↑ In 1805 she published the poem Die Gewohnheit in the Iris .
  7. ↑ Damen Conversations Lexikon, p. 315.
personal data
SURNAME Artner, Therese von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Artner, Theresia von; Theone (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian-German writer
DATE OF BIRTH April 19, 1772
PLACE OF BIRTH Šintava , Upper Hungary
DATE OF DEATH November 25, 1829
Place of death Zagreb , Croatia