1054
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Map with all linked sites: | 1054 | |
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| 1054 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 502/503 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1046/47 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1597/98 (southern Buddhism); 1596/97 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 62nd (63rd) cycle
Year of the wood horse甲午 ( at the beginning of the year water snake 癸巳) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 416/417 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 432/433 (around March 21) |
| Islamic calendar | 445/446 (April 11-12) |
| Jewish calendar | 4814/15 (September 4th / 5th) |
| Coptic calendar | 770/771 |
| Malayalam calendar | 229/230 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1364/65 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1365/66 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1092 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1110/11 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Eastern Europe
- October 20 : Isjaslav I succeeds his father Yaroslav the Wise Grand Duke of Kiev .
- Russian chronicles first mention the Oghuz and Cumans on the northern edge of the Black Sea .
Holy Roman Empire
- July 17th : Heinrich IV. Becomes co-king of his father Heinrich III. crowned Roman-German king .
France
- End of the year: The Norman Duke Wilhelm the Bastard defeats a French coalition under King Henry I in the battle of Mortemer .
Scotland
- July 27 : Siward of Northumbria invades Scotland to help Malcolm Canmore , rightful heir to the throne of King Duncan . He defeats Macbeth , who has ousted Malcolm from the throne, on Dunsinane Hill , who remains in power.
Iberian Peninsula
- September 15th : García III. , King of Navarre , fell in the battle of Atapuerca against his brother Ferdinand I of León and Castile . His successor is his 14-year-old son Sancho IV. Garcés , but Ferdinand receives a large part of his previous national territory.
Africa
- 1054, possibly even 1053: The Almoravids under Yahya ibn Umar conquer under the rule of maghrawa standing Sijilmasa .
Asia
- The leader of the Seljuks, Tughrul Beg, receives the homage of Azerbaijani dignitaries, but is kept in check by the Byzantines in Manzikert .
- Rajadhiraja Chola , the ruler of the Tamil Chola Empire in southern India , is killed in the battle of Koppam against the Chalukya . His successor Rajendra Chola II takes over the business of government.
- After the death of Lý Phật Mã , Lý Nhật Tôn , the third king of the Lý dynasty , succeeds him in Vietnam . The official name of the country is now Đại Việt .
Mesoamerica
The city of Cuzcatlan in Mesoamerica in today's El Salvador is, according to legend, founded by the Toltec king Cē Acatl Tōpīltzin Quetzalcōātl . Archaeological finds in Antiguo Cuzcatlan and Izalco indicate, however, that the Pipil culture in Cuzcatlan existed before the year 900, so that the Nahua immigration to this area took place well before that.
science and technology
- April 30th : The first documented tornado in Europe passes through Rosdalla near Kilbeggan in Ireland .
- July 4th : Supernova 1054 : Chinese astronomers report a supernova in the constellation Taurus , which can also be recognized during the day and which forms the Crab Nebula today.
religion
Buddhism
The Japanese Buddhist temple Kokawa-dera , which was supposedly founded in 770 , is first mentioned in a document.
Christianity
papacy
After a five-year term in office , Pope Leo IX dies on April 19 . in Rome, probably from malaria. He was released from captivity by the Normans only a month earlier after his defeat at the Battle of Civitate the previous year . With a Roman embassy chaired by the deacon Hildebrand advises Emperor Heinrich III. then on a farm day in Mainz about the new appointment. The emperor uses his right of designation and in September proposes Gebhard I , Bishop of Eichstätt , as Leo's successor. However, Gebhard attaches conditions to the acceptance of the office and asks for time to consider. He not only asked Heinrich to return church goods, but also to keep his diocese, a common practice at the time. The office of Bishop of Rome is still vacant at the end of the year.
Oriental schism
On July 16, the papal envoy Humbert von Silva Candida laid a bull of excommunication for Patriarch Michael I in the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople . This leads to the Oriental Schism , the division of Christianity into the Orthodox and Catholic Church, as the end of a centuries-long development in which the eastern and western halves of the former Roman Empire have drifted more and more apart politically and culturally.
Council of Narbonne
The 10th council opens in Narbonne on August 25th . It codifies God's truce (treuga) and God's peace (pax dei), private feuds are prohibited. Killing a Christian is equated with the shedding of the blood of Jesus Christ . Subsequently, a peace movement originated in the south of France and reached Spain, Normandy, Germany and Italy.
Church hierarchy
On March 8, the local bishop Azelin dies in Hildesheim . His successor in May is the provost of the Palatinate Church of St. Simon and Judas in Goslar and Chancellor for Italy, Hezilo . The consecration takes place on October 15th .
Disasters
The failure of the Nile to flood leads to a famine in Egypt . The Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX. sends grain deliveries to friendly neighboring country.
Born
- al-Hariri , Arabic poet and grammarian († 1122 )
- Judith von Lens , niece of William the Conqueror († after 1086)
- Judith of Hungary , Queen of Hungary and Duchess of Poland († around 1094 )
- Langri Thangpa Dorje Sengge , teacher of the Kadam tradition of Tibetan Buddhism († 1123 )
- Robert II , Duke of Normandy († 1134 )
Died
Date of death secured
- February 20 : Yaroslav the Wise , Grand Prince of Kiev (* around 983 )
- March 8 : Azelin , Bishop of Hildesheim
- April 19 : Leo IX. , Pope (* 1002 )
- June 19 : Lambert II , Count von Löwen
- July 19 : Bernulf , Bishop of Utrecht
- August 31 : Kunigunde von Altdorf , countess, ancestor of the younger Guelphs (* around 1020 )
- September 15th : García III. , King of Navarre
- September 24th : Hermann von Reichenau , monk, historian, writer, composer, mathematician and astronomer (* 1013 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Atisha , abbot of the Vikramashila Monastery University in India (* 980 )
- Lambert , Count of Lens
- Rajadhiraja Chola , ruler of the Tamil Chola Empire (* 1018 )
Died around 1054
- Wilfried von Besalú , Bishop of Besalú
