Narbonne

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Narbonne
Narbonne coat of arms
Narbonne (France)
Narbonne
region Occitania
Department Aude
Arrondissement Narbonne
Canton Narbonne-1
Narbonne-2
Narbonne-3
Community association Le Grand Narbonne
Coordinates 43 ° 11 ′  N , 3 ° 0 ′  E Coordinates: 43 ° 11 ′  N , 3 ° 0 ′  E
height 0-285 m
surface 172.96 km 2
Residents 54,700 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 316 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 11100
INSEE code 11262
Website Narbonne

Photo montage with buildings in Narbonne .

Narbonne (in Occitan Narbona ) is a southern French municipality with 54,700 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Aude department in the Occitania region . Narbonne was the capital of the historical territory of Septimania and was one of the larger cities of the historical province of Languedoc ; today it is the capital of the arrondissement of Narbonne .

location

Narbonne is not far from the Mediterranean coast on the Canal de la Robine at an altitude of approx. 10 m above sea level. d. There is a connection to the Canal du Midi via a connecting canal ( Canal de Jonction ) , which continues the Canal de la Robine inland . Narbonne is connected to the A9 autoroute and the A61 autoroute . The closest major cities are Béziers (approx. 35 km northeast), Perpignan (approx. 65 km south) and Carcassonne (approx. 60 km west). The climate is warm and with little rain.

Population development

year 1800 1851 1901 1954 1999 2013
Residents 9086 13,066 28,852 32,060 46,510 52,855

The city's population has grown steadily due to immigration from the surrounding countryside.

economy

Narbonne itself was a fishing village for centuries in antiquity and the Middle Ages; Agriculture and viticulture in the surrounding area as well as trade created the basis for the development of the city, which is conveniently located in terms of transport. Today Narbonne forms the framework for small industries as well as for trading and service companies of all kinds. Tourism (Narbonne-Plage) also plays a not insignificant role for the economic development of the city.

history

Narbonne was the first Roman colony outside of Italy . It was made around 118 BC. In what was then Gaul as Colonia Narbo Martius . The Via Domitia , the first Roman road in Gaul, ran through Narbonne and was built around the time the colony was founded and connected Italy with the Spanish colonies. At Narbonne, the Via Domitia connected with the Via Aquitania , which led to the Atlantic Ocean via Toulouse and Bordeaux . The Provincia of southern Gaul was later named Gallia Narbonensis after its capital . As the administrative center of the Roman province, archaeologists have shown that Narbonne flourished economically and housed architectural masterpieces.

After the collapse of the Roman Empire, Narbonne was the capital of the Septimania territory of the Visigoths until the early 8th century . In 719 Narbonne was the first city of the Frankish Empire to be captured by the Moors (→ Islam in France ); 40 years later, it was reconquered by the Frankish King Pippin . In the year 793 Narbonne was destroyed, sacked and depopulated by an army of the emir Hisham I , who resided in Cordoba .

In the High Middle Ages, the Duchy of Narbonne belonged to the sphere of influence of the Counts of Toulouse and thus also the Cathars , who were almost exterminated during the Albigensian Wars (1209–1229). Then the area fell to the French crown . In the years from 1272 to 1332, the Saint-Just cathedral was built in the northern French Gothic style and with a choir apex height of 41 meters is one of the highest in France.

Attractions

Part of the Via Domitia exposed in front of the town hall
Roman lapidary
In the old City
Canal de la Robine

In addition to the cathedral, the Roman remains are particularly worth seeing, including:

Personalities

Town twinning

literature

  • Rémy Cazals, Daniel Fabre (eds.): Les Audois. Dictionnaire biographique. Association des amis des Archives de l'Aude, et al., Carcassonne 1990, ISBN 2-906442-07-0 .
  • Jacques Crémadeills (Ed.): L'Aude. De la préhistoire à nos jours. Bordessoules, Saint-Jean-d'Angély 1989, ISBN 2-903504-24-5 ( L'Histoire par les Documents = Collection Hexagone. L'Histoire par les Documents ).
  • Michel Gayraud : Narbonne antique des origines à la fin du IIIe siècle. Boccard, Paris 1981 ( Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise. Supplément 8, ISSN  0153-9124 ).
  • Jacques Michaud, André Cabanis (Ed.): Histoire de Narbonne. Private, Paris 2004, ISBN 2-7089-8339-3 .

Web links

Commons : Narbonne  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Narbonne  - Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Narbonne - Map with altitude information
  2. ↑ Narbonne - climate tables