Hezilo of Hildesheim

Hezilo (also: Hezelo , Hettilo or Ethilo ) of Hildesheim (* between 1020 and 1025; † August 5, 1079 in Hildesheim ) was bishop there from 1054 to 1079 .

Life

Hezilo chandelier in Hildesheim Cathedral (before 2010)

Hezilo probably came from a Franconian family and probably received his theological training in Bamberg . Under Emperor Heinrich III. he was a member of the court orchestra in 1051/52, first provost of St. Simon and Juda in Goslar and then in 1053 chancellor for Italy . In 1054 he succeeded Azelin as Bishop of Hildesheim.

Hezilo gave up the construction of the new cathedral, which his predecessor had started after the fire of 1046, and instead had the Altfriddom rebuilt. He used the finished parts of the new building for a new bishop's curia .

Hezilo endeavored to maintain Hildesheim's position in and around Goslar, the heart of the Salian royal landscape, whereby, like other leading members of the episcopate (including Adalbert von Bremen , Anno von Köln ), he exploited the situation during the immaturity of Henry IV . In Goslar he founded the St. Jakobi Church .

Hezilo's efforts culminated in a dispute of rank with the abbot Widerad von Fulda, which escalated to a bloody slaughter in the Goslar church on Whitsun 1063 in the presence of the young king, according to Lampert von Hersfeld through Hezilo's personal encouragement of the fighters.

During the Saxony uprising and the investiture controversy, Hezilo took a partly vacillating, partly mediating position. Initially more closely related to the Saxon opponents of the king, from 1075, probably due to Heinrich's military successes, he stepped more on the side of the king's supporters and was a co-signer of the anti-Gregorian Worms declaration of January 24, 1076.

At his Hildesheim bishopric, Hezilo emerged as one of the great builders and sponsors of the arts. He had the cathedral , which was destroyed by fire in 1046 and which his predecessor Azelin wanted to replace with a larger new building, rebuilt on the Altfrid foundations. He donated the Hezilo chandelier in the cathedral and the Hezilo cross for the cross foundation he had founded.

King Heinrich IV granted Bishop Hezilo von Hildesheim the forest ban near Coppenbrügge in 1062 .

Hezilo was buried in the Mauritius Church.

swell

• Lampert von Hersfeld : Annals. Lamperti monachi Hersfeldensis Annales . Newly translated by Adolf Schmidt. Erl. By Wolfgang Dietrich Fritz. (= Selected sources on German history in the Middle Ages. Freiherr vom Stein Memorial Edition ; 13). Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1957, ISSN  0067-0650

literature

• Wilhelm Berges, Werner Deich:  Hezilo. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , pp. 102-104 ( digitized version ).
• Bernhard Gallistl: Meaning and use of the large crown of lights in the Hildesheim cathedral . In: Concilium medii aevi 12, 2009, ISSN  1437-904X content , pp. 43-88.
• Hans Goetting : The dioceses of the ecclesiastical province of Mainz. The Diocese of Hildesheim 3. The Hildesheim bishops from 815 to 1221 (1227) (= Germania Sacra. NF 20). Berlin / New York 1984, ISBN 3-11-010004-5 , p. 271 ( digitized version ).
• Bruno W. Häuptli:  Hezilo (Hizzil Hildensemensis), Bishop of Hildesheim. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 26, Bautz, Nordhausen 2006, ISBN 3-88309-354-8 , Sp. 712-718.
• Theodor Lindner:  Hezilo . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, p. 382 f.
• Ulrich Mattejiet: Hezilo . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 4, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1989, ISBN 3-7608-8904-2 , Sp. 2206.
• Matthias Schrör : On the correspondence of Bishop Hezilo von Hildesheim at the beginning of the investiture dispute. In: Florian Hartmann (Ed.): Letter and Communication in Transition. Media, authors and contexts in the debates of the investiture dispute (= papacy in medieval Europe. Vol. 5). Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2016, ISBN 978-3-412-50529-5 , pp. 147–157.

predecessor	Office	successor
Azelin	Bishop of Hildesheim 1054-1079	Udo von Gleichen-Reinhausen