9th April
The April 9 is the 99th day of the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years ), thus remain 266 days by year end.
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Historic anniversaries March · April · May |
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Events
Politics and world events
- 193 : The troops in Pannonia proclaim Septimius Severus as counter-emperor to Didius Julianus . This makes him the third emperor of the second four-emperor year in the Roman Empire .
- 1217 : Peter von Courtenay is in Rome by Pope Honorius III. anointed Emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople . However, he does not exercise his rule for a single day, as he is arrested on the way to Constantinople and imprisoned until his death.
- 1241 : In Silesia , the Golden Horde succeeds in a devastating victory in the Battle of Liegnitz against a German-Polish army of knights under Piast Duke Heinrich the Pious , who falls in battle. Despite the victory, the Mongols do not advance further into Europe .
- 1388 : The residents of Glarus defend themselves successfully against an attack by the Habsburgs in the Battle of Näfels , the last battle of the Sempach War . Glarus thus rises to an equal member of the Eight Old Places of the Confederation .
- 1440 : In Viborg , Christoph von Pfalz-Neumarkt succeeds his deposed uncle Erik VII to the Danish King Christoph III. crowned.
- 1454 : Francesco I Sforza and the Republic of Venice close in the Lombardy town of Lodi the Peace of Lodi . Venice recognizes Francesco as Duke of Milan and receives the city of Crema in return . The Adda River will be the border river between the two city-states for a long time .
- 1486 : In Aachen is Maximilian I was still alive of his father Frederick III. the Roman-German king crowned .
- 1682 : Two days after reaching the mouth of the Mississippi , the French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle took possession of all areas bordering the Mississippi for the French crown and named the newly founded colony in honor of Louis XIV. Louisiana .
- 1809 : The Fifth Coalition War begins: The Austrian Empire declares war on France and its allies, the Kingdom of Bavaria . The next day the army commanded by Archduke Karl von Österreich-Teschen invaded the neighboring country.
- 1809 : The forced drafting of recruits for the Bavarian army in Tyrol , which has been under Bavarian rule since the Third Coalition War , triggers an uprising from Innsbruck , led by Andreas Hofer , Josef Speckbacher and Joachim Haspinger .
- 1834 : Wage dumping and the severe punishment of several strike leaders lead to the second uprising of the silk weavers in Lyon . The silk weavers demand republican conditions and date their demands according to the French revolutionary calendar . The uprising was bloodily crushed by the army within a week.
- 1864 : During the Civil War, the Confederates are defeated in the Battle of Pleasant Hill .
- 1865 : In the Appomattox campaign , the Army of Northern Virginia takes the last action in the American Civil War : In a battle at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, the Army of the Potomac and the Army of the James of the Union defeat the Confederation troops. In the house of the farmer Wilmer McLean near the Appomattox Court House , Robert E. Lee , the commanding general of the Confederate , surrenders that same day.
- 1866 : Against President Andrew Johnson's veto, the United States Congress passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866 , which grants citizenship to everyone born in the United States, regardless of skin color . The aim is to protect the former slaves during the reconstruction period . The Indians , who do not pay taxes, are exempt from the regulation .
- 1867 : The United States Senate approves the Alaska Purchase , concluded on March 30 , the purchase of what was previously Russian America from Russia for $ 7.2 million.
- 1891 : With the support of Carl Peters , the General German Association is established in Berlin . He wants to stimulate patriotic awareness and promote German interest and great power politics abroad.
- 1900 : By the law on the punishment of deprivation of electrical work is electricity theft in Germany as a misdemeanor punishable.
- 1912 : The United States Children's Bureau is founded, the world's first national government agency dedicated exclusively to the care of children and their mothers.
- 1919 : An uprising in the French Black Sea Fleet against the intervention in Soviet Russia begins.
- 1927 : Almost six years after the controversial guilty verdict against the robbery-accused Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti , Judge Thayer announces the death penalty as a sentence. This leads to worldwide mass protests against the US judiciary.
- 1940 : The German Wehrmacht begins the Weser Exercise , the invasion of the two neutral countries Denmark and Norway in World War II . The battle for Narvik begins , which will end with the conquest of Narvik by the Germans.
- 1942 : The Japanese army under Homma Masaharu conquers the Philippine Bataan peninsula in the Pacific War , the last possibility for the Americans to retreat in the Battle of the Philippines . As the Japanese face huge numbers of prisoners of war, the Bataan death march begins , killing 16,000 Americans and Filipinos.
- 1945 : In the final phase of the Second World War , the resistance fighters Dietrich Bonhoeffer , Wilhelm Canaris , Ludwig Gehre , Hans Oster , Karl Sack and Theodor Strünck are executed in the Flossenbürg concentration camp . On the same day Georg Elser was executed in the Dachau concentration camp and Hans von Dohnanyi in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp .
- 1945 : The battle for Königsberg comes to an end with the surrender of the German garrison commanded by Otto Lasch to Soviet troops.
- 1945 : The Allies start their final offensive in Northern Italy .
- 1948 : In Colombia's capital Bogotá , the popular politician Jorge Eliécer Gaitán is murdered by the presumably mentally confused Juan Roa Sierra, which leads to La Violencia , years of civil war-like unrest in the country .
- 1948 : The Zionist underground organizations Irgun Zwai Leumi and Lehi commanded by Menachem Begin murder in response to the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine at Deir Yassin massacre in Palestine war much of the Palestinian villagers. You are making a significant contribution to the Palestinian exodus .
- 1963 : Winston Churchill becomes the first foreigner to receive honorary citizenship .
- 1989 : In the Georgian capital Tbilisi , demonstrators gather in front of the parliament building and call for Georgia to leave the USSR . The Soviet armed forces break up the rally with extreme brutality. 16 people are slain or killed by the poison gas used . More than 100 people are injured, some of them life-threateningly.
- 1991 : Georgia , former republic of the Soviet Union , declares its independence under Swiad Gamsachurdia .
- 1992 : The Conservative Party surprisingly wins the first general election in Great Britain under the new Prime Minister John Major . The Labor Party under Neil Kinnock suffers a surprising defeat.
- 1992 : Sali Berisha becomes the first non-communist head of state of Albania .
- 1999 : In the Republic of Niger , President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara is assassinated in a coup led by Major Daouda Malam Wanké at the airport in the capital Niamey .
- 2003 : American troops collapse the Saddam statue on Firdos Square in Baghdad . With this, the Iraq war is symbolically over.
economy
- 1870 : Following the granting of the license by the Prussian state government on March 10, Deutsche Bank starts business operations in Berlin.
- 1872 : Samuel R. Percy receives a US patent for a process for making milk powder .
science and technology
- 1368 : Peter Stromer begins his experiments with the forest seeds in the Nuremberg Reichswald , from which the first artificial forest in the world develops. Stromer is known as the "father of forest culture ".
- 1860 : A phonautograph constructed by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville succeeds in making a sound recording, which is now the oldest known sound recording.
- 1865 : Louis Pasteur presents his discovery at the Sorbonne in Paris that numerous diseases can be triggered by microorganisms . Its short-term heating method kills the germs.
- 1902 : Charles Rolls up in Achères in Paris with 101.547 km / h the first speed record for gasoline - motor vehicles with a Mors on.
- 1959 : NASA presents its first astronauts from the Mercury program to the world at a press conference : They are Alan Shepard , Gus Grissom , John Glenn , Scott Carpenter , Walter Schirra , Deke Slayton and Gordon Cooper .
- 1967 : The first Boeing 737 version 100 takes off on its maiden flight. It is the most widely built family of civil jet-powered passenger aircraft to date .
- 1988 : The most powerful German nuclear reactor Isar 2 ("KKI2") is put into operation for the first time.
Culture
- 1667 : The world's first art exhibition opens in the Salon du Louvre in Paris . The French King Louis XIV likes this innovation so much that from now on there will be an annual exhibition.
- 1844 : The farce with song Der Zerrissene by Johann Nestroy is premiered at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna . The music comes from Adolf Müller senior . The author plays alongside his long-time stage partner Wenzel Scholz himself in the play .
- 1845 : The opera Der Traum der Christnacht by Ferdinand von Hiller with the libretto by Carl Gollmick has its world premiere in Dresden.
- 1857 : The premiere of the Opéra-comique or Opérette Le docteur Miracle ( The Miracle Doctor ) by Georges Bizet takes place at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens in Paris.
- 1862 : The premiere of the opera Estrella de Soria by Franz Berwald takes place at the Royal Theater in Stockholm .
- 1902 : The opera Der Wald by the British composer Ethel Smyth is premiered at the Hofoper Berlin.
- 1913 : The tragedy Raskolnikoff by Leo Birinski based on the novel Guilt and Atonement by Dostojewski takes place at the Princely Court Theater in Gera .
- 1939 : After the conservative women's organization Daughters of the American Revolution prevented Marian Anderson from appearing at Constitution Hall because of her skin color, she held a concert organized by Eleanor Roosevelt in front of 75,000 people at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC
- 1991 : The Kunst Haus Wien opens. The museum shows works by the artist Friedensreich Hundertwasser as a permanent exhibition.
society
- 1882 : The elephant Jumbo , the previous attraction of the London Zoo, arrives in the USA after being sold to the circus pioneer PT Barnum .
- 2005 : The British heir to the throne, Charles, Prince of Wales , marries his long-time lover, Camilla Parker Bowles , in Windsor Town Hall . The wedding can only take place in a civil ceremony because the bride is still married under Church of England law .
religion
- 1256 : In the papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae , Pope Alexander IV summarizes five mendicant orders to form the Augustinian order.
- 1555 : Marcello Cervini becomes Pope as Marcellus II . He is the last Pope to use his maiden name as the Pope's name . On May 1st, the 22nd day of his pontificate , he died - presumably of kidney disease.
- 1826 : Rabbi Isaak Mannheimer inaugurates the city temple built by Joseph Kornhäusel in Vienna . The synagogue becomes an important center of Jewish life in Vienna .
Disasters
- 37 : Antioch on the Orontes is destroyed by an earthquake.
- 1947 : The Glazier-Higgins-Woodward tornado claims 167 lives in the US states of Texas, Kansas and Oklahoma.
- 2017 : 44 people are killed and over 120 injured in the attacks on two Coptic churches in Egypt.
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .
Sports
Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .
Born
Before the 18th century
- 1096 : al-Muqtafi , 31st caliph of the Abbasid dynasty
- 1127 : Felix of Valois , Count of Valois and Vermandois
- 1258 : Hugo II , Count of Blois and Dunios
- 1283 : Margaret , Queen of Scotland
- 1458 : Camilla Battista Varano , Italian clarissess and mystic
- 1498 : Jean de Lorraine , Archbishop of Reims, Lyon and Narbonne
- 1556 : Andreas von Auersperg , Austro-Slovenian military leader
- 1574 : Johann Rudolf Saltzmann , Strasbourg physician and university professor
- 1627 : Johann Caspar von Kerll , German organist, harpsichordist and composer
- 1634 : Albertine Agnes of Orange-Nassau , Princess of Nassau-Diez
- 1648 : Henri de Massue , French Huguenot nobleman
- 1649 : James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth , English pretender to the throne
- 1652 : Christian Ulrich I , Duke of Württemberg-Oels
- 1656 : Francesco Trevisani , Italian painter
- 1680 : Barbara Dietrich , victim of the witch hunt in Ingolstadt
- 1682 : Robert Gardelle , Swiss painter, engraver and etcher
- 1690 : Johan Henrik Scheffel , Swedish portrait and miniature painter
- 1691 : Paul Egell , German sculptor and plasterer
- 1691 : Johann Matthias Gesner , German pedagogue, classical philologist and librarian
18th century
- 1701 : Andreas Elias Büchner , German medic
- 1716 : Johann Georg Zechner , Austrian organist and composer
- 1717 : Matthias Georg Monn , Austrian composer, organist and music teacher of the Viennese pre-classical period
- 1723 : Paul Georg Krüsike , German poet
- 1725 : Achatius Ludwig Karl Schmid , German legal scholar and civil servant of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach
- 1732 : Johann Friedrich Tiede , German theologian
- 1739 : Johann Joseph Imhoff , German sculptor
- 1754 : Antonín František Bečvařovský , Czech composer
- 1758 : Fisher Ames , American politician
- 1761 : Johann Andreas Matthias , German theologian and educator
- 1762 : Friedrich von Kleist , Prussian field marshal
- 1766 : Albertine Necker de Saussure , Swiss writer, educator and women's rights activist
- 1770 : Johann Georg Kerner , German doctor, publicist and chronicler of the French Revolution
- 1770 : Thomas Johann Seebeck , German physicist
- 1783 : Karl Georg von Raumer , German geologist, geographer and educator
- 1785 : Meinrad Amann , Austrian abbot of St. Paul Abbey
- 1786 : Adolf Bäuerle , Austrian writer
- 1787 : Johann Gottlob von Quandt , German art historian and art patron
- 1794 : Theobald Böhm , German flautist and master flute builder
- 1797 : Carl Heyer , German forestry practitioner, teacher and scientist
- 1797 : Per Ulrik Kernell , Swedish writer
- 1798 : Giuditta Pasta , Italian opera singer
- 1799 : Peter Joseph Rottmann , German dialect poet from the Hunsrück
19th century
1801-1859
- 1802 : Elias Lönnrot , Finnish medic
- 1806 : Isambard Kingdom Brunel , British engineer
- 1811 : Josef Kleutgen , German theologian and Jesuit
- 1816 : Charles Eugène Delaunay , French mathematician and astronomer
- 1821 : Charles Baudelaire , French modernist poet
- 1822 : George Washborne Morgan , American organist and composer
- 1823 : Albert Flamm , German painter
- 1824 : Johanna Pelizaeus , German educator
- 1828 : Carl Friedrich Tamms , German politician
- 1829 : Hermann Ampach , German manor owner and politician
- 1830 : Eadweard Muybridge , British photographer and pioneer of photographic technology
- 1835 : Leopold II , Belgian king
- 1837 : Frédéric Bettex , Swiss writer
- 1840 : Wilhelm Exner , Austrian technician, forest scientist and functionary
- 1841 : William George Aston , British consular officer
- 1842 : Herman Greulich , Swiss politician
- 1848 : Helene Lange , German educator and women's rights activist
- 1850 : Hermann Zumpe , German conductor
- 1850 : Johan d'Aulnis de Bourouill , Dutch economist
1851-1900
- 1851 : Thor Lange , Danish writer and translator
- 1854 : Marie Andrae , German writer, educator and nurse
- 1859 : Julius Hart , German poet and playwright
- 1859 : Henri Lavedan , French writer and journalist
- 1860 : Philipp Franck , German painter
- 1862 : Teuvo Pakkala , Finnish writer
- 1864 : Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti , British electrical engineer
- 1865 : Erich Ludendorff , German general and chief of the Supreme Army Command, politician, MdR, participant in the Hitler putsch
- 1865 : Adela Florence Nicolson , British poet
- 1865 : Charles P. Steinmetz , German-American electrical engineer
- 1867 : Chris Watson , Australian Prime Minister
- 1867 : Wilhelm Lütgert , German Protestant theologian
- 1869 : Élie Cartan , French mathematician
- 1871 : Ignatius Taschner , German sculptor, graphic artist and illustrator
- 1872 : Léon Blum , French lawyer, writer and politician, multiple minister and prime minister, resistance fighter
- 1872 : Theodor Koch-Grünberg , German ethnologist
- 1873 : Hartley Burr Alexander , American philosopher, writer, and ethnologist
- 1874 : Julius Bittner , Austrian composer
- 1875 : Jacques Futrelle , American writer
- 1876 : Ettore Bastico , Italian Marshal
- 1877 : Walter Karbe , German homeland researcher
- 1878 : Bruno Ahrends , German architect
- 1878 : Marcel Grossmann , Swiss mathematician
- 1880 : Jan Letzel , Czech architect
- 1881 : Ferdinand Maierhofer , Austrian actor
- 1882 : Friedrich Franz IV. , German nobleman and last Grand Duke of Mecklenburg
- 1884 : Marcel Aubert , French historian and art historian
- 1884 : Kuno-Hans von Both , German general
- 1885 : Elsbeth Gropp , German photographer
- 1885 : Gerhard Graf von Kanitz , German landowner and politician, MdR and Reichsminister, MdL
- 1885 : Leo Schubert , German Nazi politician from the Sudetenland, SS officer
- 1887 : Heinrich Hock , German chemist
- 1887 : Florence Price , American composer
- 1887 : Louis Ziercke , German painter and graphic artist
- 1888 : Mary Barratt Due , Norwegian pianist and music teacher
- 1888 : Joseph Ferche , German clergyman, auxiliary bishop in Breslau and Cologne
- 1891 : Oskar Farny , German manager and politician, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag and State Minister, Member of the Bundestag
- 1891 : Vlasta Burian , Czech actor and comedian
- 1891 : Eugen Szenkar , Hungarian conductor
- 1892 : Anton Eberhard , German tax and economic advisor and politician, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag
- 1893 : Richard Henry Stevens , British major
- 1893 : Victor Gollancz , British publisher and peace activist
- 1895 : Heddi Hirsch , Austrian textile and fashion designer, illustrator
- 1895 : Michel Simon , French actor
- 1895 : Rudolf Kattnigg , Austrian composer, pianist and conductor
- 1896 : Adolf Koch , German doctor and socialist
- 1897 : Fred George Aandahl , American politician
- 1898 : Curly Lambeau , American football player and coach
- 1898 : Julius Patzak , Austrian opera and lied singer
- 1898 : Paul Robeson , American actor and singer, author and civil rights activist
- 1899 : Fritz Rang , German SS officer, criminal director with a leading position in the SD , the Gestapo and the RSA
- 1899 : Hans Jeschonnek , German Colonel General and Chief of Staff of the Air Force in World War II
- 1899 : Heinrich Hamacher , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
- 1899 : Raoul de Verneuil , Peruvian composer and conductor
20th century
1901-1925
- 1901 : Henry Winterfeld , German-American writer and artist
- 1902 : Théodore Monod , French explorer of Africa
- 1903 : Kai Molter , Danish painter
- 1904 : Ludwig Hohl , Swiss author
- 1904 : Paul Wessel , German political functionary
- 1904 : August Wieschemeyer , German Marist father and theologian
- 1905 : J. William Fulbright , American politician
- 1906 : Antal Doráti , Hungarian-American conductor and composer
- 1906 : Hugh Gaitskell , British politician
- 1906 : Victor Vasarely , French painter and printmaker
- 1907 : Richard Archbold , American zoologist, pilot, and philanthropist
- 1909 : Ernst Achenbach , German politician
- 1909 : Fay Helm , American actress
- 1910 : Abraham A. Ribicoff , American politician
- 1911 : Rafael Arnáiz Barón , Spanish Trappist and mystic
- 1911 : Frieda Hackhe-Döbel , German politician
- 1912 : Franz Seybold , German soccer player and coach
- 1912 : Lev Zinovievich Kopelew , Russian Germanist, writer, dissident and humanist
- 1915 : Leonard Wibberley , Irish writer
- 1916 : Eladio Acosta Arteaga , Colombian religious and archbishop of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe de Antioquía
- 1917 : Brad Dexter , American film actor and film producer
- 1917 : Johannes Bobrowski , German writer
- 1917 : Rolf Kauka , German comic artist and publisher ( Fix and Foxi )
- 1918 : Jørn Utzon , Danish architect
- 1919 : John Presper Eckert , American computer pioneer
- 1920 : Art Van Damme , American jazz accordionist
- 1921 : Francesco Adorno , Italian university professor and historian of philosophy
- 1921 : Jean-Marie Balestre , French automobile and automobile sports official ( FIA, FFSA and FISA )
- 1921 : Vince Banonis , American football player
- 1921 : Carlos Pizarro , Puerto Rican singer
- 1921 : Alfred Preißler , German football player
- 1921 : Hansjürg Steinlin , Swiss forest scientist
- 1922 : Carl Amery , German writer
- 1922 : Hanno Hahn , German art historian and architecture researcher
- 1922 : Johnny Thomson , American racing car driver
- 1922 : Dénes Zsigmondy , Hungarian violinist
- 1924 : Francisc Munteanu , Romanian writer, film director and screenwriter
- 1925 : David A. Huffman , American computer pioneer
- 1925 : Heinz Nixdorf , German computer pioneer, company founder and entrepreneur
1926-1950
- 1926 : Marcello Argilli , Italian lawyer, journalist, writer, children's book author and comic book author
- 1926 : Ewald Aul , German Holocaust survivor and head of the Jewish community in Osnabrück
- 1926 : Hugh Hefner , American publisher ( Playboy )
- 1926 : Harris Wofford , American Democratic Party politician
- 1927 : Mohammad Taghi Massoudieh , Iranian ethnomusicologist and composer
- 1928 : Erling Norvik , Norwegian politician and journalist
- 1928 : Iris Wittig , German military pilot
- 1928 : Paul Arizin , American basketball player
- 1928 : Tom Lehrer , American singer, songwriter, satirist, and mathematician
- 1929 : Joyce Appleby , American historian
- 1929 : Hans-Eberhard Urbaniak , German politician and union secretary
- 1930 : Alphonse Amadou Alley , Beninese politician and president
- 1930 : Bertram Blank , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1930 : Georg Mascetti , German swimmer
- 1930 : Reinhold Zundel , German politician
- 1931 : Leone Frollo , Italian comic artist
- 1931 : Heisuke Hironaka , Japanese mathematician
- 1931 : Myriam Marbe , Romanian composer
- 1931 : Tom Phillis , Australian motorcycle racer
- 1932 : Richard Hoisl , German geodesist and university professor
- 1932 : Carl Perkins , American musician
- 1932 : Mati Klarwein , German painter
- 1932 : Helmut Wolff , German painter and sculptor
- 1933 : Gian Maria Volonté , Italian actor
- 1933 : Jean-Paul Belmondo , French film and theater actor
- 1933 : René Burri , Swiss photographer
- 1934 : Josef Arthold , Austrian politician
- 1935 : Irina Atykowna Asisjan , Russian art historian, architect and painter
- 1935 : Josef Fritzl , Austrian entrepreneur, sex offender and kidnapper
- 1935 : Aulis Sallinen , Finnish composer
- 1935 : Albert von Schirnding , German poet, narrator, essayist and literary critic
- 1936 : John Archer , English football goalkeeper
- 1936 : Valerie Solanas , American feminist
- 1936 : Frauke Stein , German archaeologist
- 1937 : Barrington J. Bayley , British writer
- 1937 : Marek Walczewski , Polish actor
- 1938 : Viktor Stepanowitsch Tschernomyrdin , Russian politician
- 1939 : Gernot Roll , German cameraman
- 1940 : Hans Bankl , Austrian professor of pathological anatomy
- 1940 : Hans-Joachim Reske , German athlete and Olympic medalist
- 1941 : Amos Johnson , American racing car driver
- 1941 : Karl Traub , German politician, MdL
- 1942 : Margo Smith , American country musician
- 1943 : Wolfgang Back , German moderator and editor
- 1944 : Lars Norén , Swedish playwright
- 1944 : Heinz-Joachim Rothenburg , German athlete and Olympic participant
- 1944 : Silvia Sommer , Austrian composer and pianist
- 1944 : Ludwig Stiegler , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1945 : Steve Gadd , American drummer
- 1946 : Candice Bergen , American actress
- 1948 : Claudio Ambrosini , Italian composer
- 1948 : Jaya Bachchan , Indian actress
- 1948 : Theo Kobusch , German philosopher
- 1948 : Bernard-Marie Koltès , French playwright and theater director
- 1948 : Patty Pravo , Italian pop singer
- 1950 : Wolfram Kuschke , German politician, MdL
- 1950 : Cassian Maria Spiridon , Romanian engineer, poet, editor, publisher
1951-1975
- 1951 : Stefan Szczesny , German painter, sculptor and photographer, representative of the Neue Wilden
- 1951 : Andrzej Krzanowski , Polish composer and accordionist
- 1952 : Jerzy Szmajdziński , Polish Minister of Defense
- 1953 : Dominique Perrault , French architect
- 1953 : Hal Ketchum , American country musician
- 1954 : Arnold Stadler , German writer
- 1954 : Dennis Quaid , American actor
- 1954 : Eberhard Rösch , German biathlete
- 1954 : Ilona Uhlíková , Czechoslovak table tennis player
- 1957 : André Manoukian , French jazz pianist and composer, arranger and producer
- 1957 : Severiano Ballesteros , Spanish professional golfer
- 1959 : Erik Veje Rasmussen , Danish handball player and coach
- 1959 : Kiro Stojanov , Macedonian bishop
- 1960 : Jaak Aab , Estonian politician
- 1961 : Jean Aussanaire , French jazz musician
- 1961 : Theresa Schopper , state chairwoman of the Bavarian Greens
- 1961 : Robert Zoller , Austrian ski racer
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- 1962 : Isabel Coixet , Spanish film director and screenwriter
- 1963 : Andrea Thomas , German athlete
- 1964 : Rob Awalt , American football player
- 1964 : Gillian Gowers , English badminton player
- 1964 : Margaret Peterson Haddix , American author
- 1964 : Michael Heath , American swimmer
- 1964 : Charles Jenkins Jr. , American sprinter
- 1964 : Norman Madhoo , Guyanese darts player
- 1964 : Armin Opherden , German photographer
- 1964 : Mieczysław Szcześniak , Polish musician
- 1964 : Rick Tocchet , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1964 : John Baptist Yang Xiaoting , Chinese Roman Catholic Bishop
- 1965 : Daniel Messina , Argentine drummer and composer
- 1965 : Paulina Porizkova , Czech-American model and actress
- 1966 : Patrick Elias , Swiss actor
- 1966 : Thomas Doll , German soccer player and coach
- 1966 : Cynthia Nixon , American actress
- 1966 : Joachim Steyer , German politician
- 1967 : Susanne Gaensheimer , German art historian and curator
- 1968 : Christophe Schweizer , Swiss jazz trombonist and band leader
- 1969 : Linda Kisabaka , German athlete, Olympic medalist
- 1971 : Karina Kraushaar , German television actress
- 1971 : Jacques Villeneuve , Canadian racing driver, Formula 1 world champion
- 1972 : Alain Berset , Swiss politician
- 1972 : Željko Rebrača , Serbian basketball player
- 1973 : Andreas Schwab , German politician, MEP
- 1973 : Bart Goor , Belgian football player
- 1973 : Sergei Alexandrovich Konovalov , Russian biathlete
- 1974 : David Casteu , French enduro racer
- 1974 : Jenna Jameson , American porn actress
- 1975 : Frank Stippler , German racing car driver
- 1975 : Robbie Fowler , English soccer player
- 1975 : Bertine Zetlitz , Norwegian pop singer
1976-2000
- 1976 : Serena Auñón , American astronaut
- 1976 : Lars Rasmussen , Danish handball player
- 1976 : Blayne Weaver , American actor, screenwriter, film director and producer
- 1977 : Gerard Way , American singer
- 1978 : Jorge Andrade , Portuguese soccer player
- 1978 : Verena Mundhenke , German actress, film director and model
- 1978 : Vesna Pisarović , Croatian singer and composer
- 1978 : Rachel Stevens , British singer and songwriter
- 1979 : Ben Silverstone , British actor
- 1979 : Katsumi , French porn actress
- 1979 : Kevin Burleson , American basketball player
- 1979 : Mario Matt , Austrian ski racer
- 1979 : Keshia Knight Pulliam , American actress
- 1979 : Mark Seibert , German musical actor
- 1980 : Clueso , German singer, rapper, songwriter and producer
- 1980 : Luciano Galletti , Argentine soccer player
- 1980 : Albert Hammond Jr. , American musician
- 1980 : Lee Yo-won , South Korean actress
- 1980 : Rachel Specter , American actress
- 1981 : Moran Atias , Israeli television and film actress
- 1981 : Ireneusz Jeleń , Polish football player
- 1981 : Andrea Micheletti , Italian darts player
- 1981 : Matthias Schriefl , German jazz trumpeter, multi-instrumentalist and composer
- 1982 : Christina Karnicnik , Austrian actress and presenter
- 1982 : Ivo Töllner , German handball player
- 1983 : Lukáš Dlouhý , Czech tennis player
- 1983 : Dawit Tschutlaschwili , Georgian writer
- 1984 : Donnie O'Sullivan , German-Irish presenter, television writer and music producer
- 1985 : Tim Bendzko , German singer-songwriter
- 1985 : Antonio Nocerino , Italian football player
- 1985 : David Zauner , Austrian ski jumper and Nordic combined athlete
- 1986 : Mirna Jukić , Croatian-Austrian swimmer
- 1986 : Leighton Meester , American actress and singer
- 1987 : Blaise Matuidi , French football player
- 1987 : Jesse McCartney , American actor and musician
- 1987 : Juliane Maier , German soccer player
- 1987 : Evander Sno , Dutch football player
- 1989 : Lucas Castro , Argentine soccer player
- 1989 : Isaka Cernak , Australian soccer player
- 1989 : Christopher Pittman , American murderer
- 1990 : Matías Abero , Uruguayan football player
- 1990 : Emma Augier de Moussac , Czech show jumper
- 1990 : Kim Kulig , German soccer player
- 1990 : Florian Riedel , German soccer player
- 1990 : Kristen Stewart , American actress and singer
- 1991 : Gai Assulin , Israeli soccer player
- 1991 : 3Plusss , German rapper
- 1991 : Axel Pons , Spanish motorcycle racer
- 1991 : Alexander Ring , Finnish soccer player
- 1993 : Tobias Ahrens , German soccer player
- 1994 : Joey Pollari , American actor
- 1996 : Ida Šimunčić , Croatian athlete
- 1996 : Giovani Lo Celso , Argentine soccer player
- 1997 : Luis Arráez , Venezuelan baseball player
- 1998 : Elle Fanning , American actress
- 1999 : Isaac Hempstead-Wright , British actor
- 2000 : Jackie Evancho , American mezzo-soprano
21st century
- 2001 : Iossif Abramov , Russian billiards player
Died
Before the 18th century
- 92 : Yuan An , Chinese politician
- 491 : Zenon , Byzantine emperor
- 527 : Keitai , Emperor of Japan
- 715 : Constantine I , Pope
- 806 : Kammu , 50th Emperor of Japan
- 1024 : Benedict VIII , Pope
- 1137 : Wilhelm X , last Duke of Aquitaine
- 1147 : Konrad von Abensberg , reformer of Augustinian monasteries and archbishop of Salzburg
- 1241 : Henry II "the Pious", Duke of Breslau and Poland
- 1248 : Hugo I of Châtillon , Count of Blois and Dunois and Lord of Guise
- 1283 : Margrete Aleksandersdotter , Queen of Norway
- 1290 : Winrich , abbot of the Cistercian monastery in Ebrach
- 1302 : Constanze , Queen of Aragon and Sicily
- 1327 : Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland , Scottish nobleman
- 1334 : Heinrich Wogenap , Bishop of Warmia
- 1346 : Ralph Ufford , English knight
- 1347 : Wilhelm von Ockham , English philosopher and theologian
- 1414 : Friedrich III. von Saar Werden , Archbishop of Cologne
- 1483 : Edward IV , English king
- 1484 : Edward of Middleham , Duke of Cornwall and Prince of Wales
- 1553 : François Rabelais , French Renaissance writer
- 1557 : Mikael Agricola , Finnish theologian and reformer
- 1591 : Aemilia von Sachsen , wife of the Ansbach margrave Georg the Pious
- 1613 : Johannes Caselius , German humanist, lawyer and philologist
- 1616 : Jacob Lucius the Younger , German printer
- 1626 : Francis Bacon , English philosopher, statesman, author and scientist who paved the way for empiricism
- 1671 : Tilemann Olearius , German Lutheran theologian and philologist
- 1693 : Roger de Bussy-Rabutin , French general and writer
18th century
- 1703 : Johann Balthasar Moscherosch , German Romance scholar and librarian
- 1707 : Jean Gallois , French scholar and clergyman
- 1712 : Giuseppe Archinto , Italian cardinal
- 1716 : Andreas Wolff , German painter
- 1722 : Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland , English politician and statesman
- 1727 : Thomas von Westen , Norwegian missionary
- 1747 : Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat , Scottish clan leader
- 1747 : Leopold I , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau as well as Prussian military leader and military reformer
- 1751 : Luise Sophie von Hanau , Countess of Nassau-Ottweiler
- 1752 : Lukas von Breda , Swedish painter
- 1754 : Christian von Wolff , German polymath and philosopher
- 1764 : Marco Benefial , Roman painter
- 1765 : Marie Luise von Hessen-Kassel , Princess of Nassau-Dietz and Princess of Orange, governor of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe
- 1767 : Johann Georg Meindl , Bavarian freedom fighter, one of the leaders of the Bavarian popular uprising
- 1768 : Sarah Fielding , English writer and translator
- 1772 : Johann Joseph Resler Austrian sculptor
- 1779 : Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa , Spanish officer, colonial administrator and viceroy of New Spain
- 1790 : Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier , French theologian and apologist
- 1793 : Andreas Battier , Swiss Protestant clergyman
- 1798 : Josef Friedrich Wilhelm , Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen
19th century
- 1804 : Jacques Necker , Swiss banker and finance minister under Louis XVI.
- 1806 : Johann Ernst Schulz , German Protestant theologian
- 1810 : Alessandro Malaspina di Mulazzo , Italian nobleman and seafarer in Spanish service
- 1820 : Angelo Anelli , Italian librettist and writer
- 1830 : Friedrich Münter , German Protestant theologian and bishop in the Danish service
- 1831 : Paul Usteri , Swiss publicist and politician
- 1837 : Domenico Quaglio , German romantic architectural painter, theater painter, lithographer and etcher
- 1847 : Jan Paweł Lelewel , Polish engineer officer, freedom fighter and architect
- 1850 : William Prout , British medic and chemist
- 1854 : Antoine Jay , French lawyer and writer
- 1858 : Joseph Karl Stieler , German painter
- 1875 : Johann Karl Erler the Younger , Protestant theologian
- 1882 : Dante Gabriel Rossetti , British painter
- 1886 : Joseph Victor von Scheffel , German writer and poet
- 1889 : Eugène Chevreul , French chemist
- 1889 : Andrew Charles Elliott , Canadian politician
- 1896 : Gustav Körner , German-American lawyer and statesman
- 1897 : Friedrich Georg von Bunge , German-Baltic legal historian, founder of Baltic legal history
20th century
1901-1950
- 1903 : Alexander Reinhold Bohnstedt , German pedagogue and botanist
- 1905 : Frederic Thesiger, 2nd Baron Chelmsford , British general and Commander-in-Chief of the British in the Zulu War
- 1912 : Gottfried Strasser , Swiss pastor and poet
- 1913 : Henriette Hertz , German patron and art collector
- 1916 : Wilhelm Sauer , German organ builder
- 1918 : Niko Pirosmani , Georgian painter
- 1919 : Emil Schallopp , German chess master
- 1920 : Moritz Cantor , German mathematician
- 1925 : Fritz Baedeker , German publisher
- 1925 : Johannes Mayerhofer , Austrian artist and author
- 1929 : Wilhelm Busch , German instrument maker
- 1931 : Friedrich Ackermann , German politician
- 1931 : Paul Vidal , French composer
- 1933 : Sigfrid Karg-Elert , German composer
- 1934 : Gustav Aufschläger , German explosives chemist and company manager
- 1934 : Oskar von Miller , German engineer and founder of the Deutsches Museum
- 1934 : Rudolf Koch , German calligrapher, typographer and teacher
- 1935 : Frank C. Archibald , American lawyer and politician
- 1936 : Ferdinand Tönnies , German sociologist, economist and philosopher
- 1937 : Josef Lohner , German motorcycle racer
- 1940 : Jean Verdier , French Archbishop of Paris and Cardinal
- 1943 : James Ashcroft , English football goalkeeper
- 1944 : Bolesław Wallek-Walewski , Polish composer, conductor and music teacher
- 1945 : Otto Antonius , Austrian zoologist and paleontologist
Dietrich Bonhoeffer
(† 1945)
Wilhelm Canaris
(† 1945)
Hans von Dohnanyi
(† 1945)
Georg Elser
(† 1945)
Hans Oster
(† 1945)
- 1945 : Dietrich Bonhoeffer , German Evangelical Lutheran theologian of the Confessing Church , resistance fighter and victim of National Socialism
- 1945 : Wilhelm Canaris , German admiral and resistance fighter against National Socialism
- 1945 : Hans von Dohnanyi , German lawyer and resistance fighter against National Socialism
- 1945 : Georg Elser , German resistance fighter against National Socialism and bomb bomber on Adolf Hitler
- 1945 : Theodor Haecker , German writer, cultural critic and translator, representative of the intellectual resistance against National Socialism
- 1945 : Hans Oster , German general and resistance fighter against National Socialism
- 1945 : Karl Sack , German judge at the Reich Court Martial, confidante of the assassination attempt on July 20, 1944
- 1947 : Carmen Mory , Swiss Gestapo agent, block elder in the Ravensbrück concentration camp
- 1947 : Heddi Hirsch , Austrian textile and fashion designer, illustrator
- 1950 : Cemil Cem , Turkish cartoonist and editor
1951-2000
- 1952 : Carl Friedemann , German-Swiss composer, conductor and musician
- 1953 : Emile Aerts , Belgian track cyclist
- 1953 : Hans Reichenbach , German-American physicist, philosopher and logician
- 1955 : Alexei Ivanovich Abrikossow , Soviet pathologist
- 1959 : George Amick , American racing car driver
- 1959 : Charles Borel-Clerc , French composer
- 1959 : Henri-Pierre Roché , French writer
- 1959 : Frank Lloyd Wright , American architect
- 1960 : Arthur Benjamin , Australian composer
- 1961 : Ahmet Zogu , Albanian king
- 1963 : Xul Solar , Argentine painter
- 1965 : Albert Meyer , American priest and theologian, Archbishop of Chicago and Cardinal
- 1968 : Zofia Kossak-Szczucka , Polish writer, resistance fighter and initiator of the Żegota
- 1970 : Rudolf Arzinger , German international lawyer and lawyer
- 1971 : Luigi Piotti , Italian racing car driver
- 1972 : John S. Battle , American politician
- 1976 : Phil Ochs , American singer
- 1976 : Mushanokōji Saneatsu , Japanese writer and painter
- 1978 : René Carol , German pop singer, actor and entertainer
- 1981 : Ludwig von Andok , German painter
- 1981 : Christa Johannsen , German writer
- 1982 : Robert Havemann , German chemist and critic of the GDR regime
- 1982 : Wilfrid Pelletier , Canadian conductor and pianist
- 1985 : Willem Roelof Oege Goslings , Dutch physician
- 1985 : Karl Neumann , German writer for children and young people
- 1986 : Heinz Conrads , Austrian actor
- 1986 : Pamela Wedekind , German actress and chanson singer
- 1986 : Martin David , German-Dutch legal historian of the Orient and papyrologist
- 1988 : Brook Benton , American singer and composer
- 1989 : Albert Vigoleis Thelen , German writer and translator
- 1990 : Mário Américo , Brazilian masseur
- 1990 : Wolfgang Junker , German politician, Minister for Construction of the GDR
- 1991 : Maurice Binder , American filmmaker
- 1992 : Theodor Schieffer , German historian
- 1995 : Oscar Heiler , German actor and comedian
- 1997 : Yank Rachell , American blues musician
- 1997 : Johnny Hicks , American country musician and presenter
- 1998 : John Tate , American boxer
- 2000 : Tony Cliff , British socialist
21st century
- 2001 : Emil Carlebach , German resistance fighter and politician, MdL
- 2002 : Jean Estager , French racing car driver
- 2002 : Jürgen Hart , German cabaret artist
- 2002 : Stefan Kaminsky , German bank manager
- 2002 : Leopold Vietoris , Austrian mathematician
- 2002 : Pat Flaherty , American racing car driver
- 2003 : Jorge Oteiza , Spanish sculptor and painter
- 2004 : Hannelore Valencak , Austrian writer
- 2004 : Martin Rickelt , German actor
- 2004 : His Lwin , Myanmar military and politician
- 2005 : Andrea Dworkin , American feminist, sociologist and writer
- 2005 : Jerzy Grzegorzewski , Polish theater director
- 2005 : Anton Heyboer , Dutch painter
- 2005 : Elsbeth Janda , German author and cabaret interpreter
- 2005 : Jerrel Wilson , American football player
- 2006 : Gordon Terry , American country musician
- 2007 : Egon Bondy , Czech poet and philosopher
- 2007 : Harry Rasky , Canadian documentary producer and director
- 2008 : Bengt Johansson , Swedish wrestler
- 2009 : Werner Adam , German journalist and Germanist
- 2010 : Meinhardt Raabe , American actor
- 2011 : Sidney Lumet , American film director
- 2012 : Carol Adams , American dancer and actress
- 2015 : Hans Fricke , German resistance activist
- 2015 : Margaret Rule , British archaeologist
- 2016 : Giselher W. Hoffmann , Namibian writer
- 2016 : Hans Luz , German landscape architect
- 2017 : Carme Chacón , Spanish politician
- 2017 : Dieter Kottysch , German boxer and Olympic champion
- 2018 : Richard Daners , Swiss watchmaker
- 2018 : Christa Gottschalk , German actress
- 2019 : Franz Stumpf , German politician
- 2020 : Ernst-Georg Schwill , German actor
- 2021 : DMX (rapper) , American rapper
- 2021 : Philip, Duke of Edinburgh , British Prince Consort
Holidays and memorial days
- Church memorial days
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer , German theologian and martyr (Protestant and Anglican)
- St. Waltraud von Mons , Franconian nobleman and founder of the monastery (Catholic)
- Name days
The list of commemorative and action days contains further entries .
Commons : April 9th - Collection of images, videos and audio files
