1955

1955 in other calendars
From urbe condita	2708
Armenian calendar	1403-1404
Ethiopian calendar	1947-1948
Badi calendar	111-112
Bengali calendar	1361-1362
Berber calendar	2905
Buddhist calendar	2499
Burmese calendar	1317
Byzantine calendar	7463-7464
	Chinese calendar
- era	4651-4652 or ; 4591-4592
- 60 year cycle	Wooden horse (甲午, 31) - ; Wooden sheep (乙未, 32)
French ; revolutionary calendar	CLXIII - CLXIV; 163-164
Hebrew calendar	5715-5716
	Hindu calendar
- Vikram Sambat	2011–2012
- Shaka Samvat	1877-1878
Iranian calendar	1333-1334
Islamic calendar	1374-1375
	Japanese calendar
- Nengō (era):	Shōwa 30
- Kōki	2615
Coptic calendar	1671-1672
	Korean calendar
- Dangun era	4288
- Juche era	44
Minguo calendar	44
Modern Olympics	XV
Seleucid calendar	2266-2267
Thai solar calendar	2498

1955
	May 1955: Conference in Paris on the accession of the Federal Republic to NATO
	May 1955: Conference in Warsaw for the establishment of the " Warsaw Pact "
	July 1955: Meeting of representatives of the Japanese Liberal and Democratic Party to merge them

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Calendar overview 1955

January
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
52						1	2
1	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9
2	10	11	12	13	14th	15th	16
3	17th	18th	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23
4th	24	25th	26th	27	28	29	30th
5	31

February
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
5		1	2	3	4th	5	6th
6th	7th	8th	9	10	11	12	13
7th	14th	15th	16	17th	18th	19th	20th
8th	21st	22nd	23	24	25th	26th	27
9	28

March
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
9		1	2	3	4th	5	6th
10	7th	8th	9	10	11	12	13
11	14th	15th	16	17th	18th	19th	20th
12	21st	22nd	23	24	25th	26th	27
13	28	29	30th	31

April
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
13					1	2	3
14th	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	10
15th	11	12	13	14th	15th	16	17th
16	18th	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23	24
17th	25th	26th	27	28	29	30th

May
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
17th							1
18th	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th
19th	9	10	11	12	13	14th	15th
20th	16	17th	18th	19th	20th	21st	22nd
21st	23	24	25th	26th	27	28	29
22nd	30th	31

June
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
22nd			1	2	3	4th	5
23	6th	7th	8th	9	10	11	12
24	13	14th	15th	16	17th	18th	19th
25th	20th	21st	22nd	23	24	25th	26th
26th	27	28	29	30th

July
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
26th					1	2	3
27	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	10
28	11	12	13	14th	15th	16	17th
29	18th	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23	24
30th	25th	26th	27	28	29	30th	31

August
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
31	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th
32	8th	9	10	11	12	13	14th
33	15th	16	17th	18th	19th	20th	21st
34	22nd	23	24	25th	26th	27	28
35	29	30th	31

September
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
35				1	2	3	4th
36	5	6th	7th	8th	9	10	11
37	12	13	14th	15th	16	17th	18th
38	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23	24	25th
39	26th	27	28	29	30th

October
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
39						1	2
40	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9
41	10	11	12	13	14th	15th	16
42	17th	18th	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23
43	24	25th	26th	27	28	29	30th
44	31

November
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
44		1	2	3	4th	5	6th
45	7th	8th	9	10	11	12	13
46	14th	15th	16	17th	18th	19th	20th
47	21st	22nd	23	24	25th	26th	27
48	28	29	30th

December
Kw	Mon	Tuesday	Wed	do	Fr.	Sat	So
48				1	2	3	4th
49	5	6th	7th	8th	9	10	11
50	12	13	14th	15th	16	17th	18th
51	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23	24	25th
52	26th	27	28	29	30th	31

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

In 1955 ending occupation in Austria , the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic simultaneously the two German States with the establishment of the Warsaw Pact and the inclusion in the NATO firmly embedded in the blocks.

On his trip to Moscow, Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer achieved the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union and the return of the last German prisoners of war . At the same time, however, his government excludes the establishment of relations with the GDR with the Hallstein Doctrine .

In Montgomery , Alabama , African American Rosa Parks is arrested for refusing to vacate her seat on the bus for a white male passenger. The subsequent Montgomery Bus Boycott marked the birth of the black civil rights movement in the United States .

With the merger of the Liberals and the Democratic Party , the Liberal Democratic Party emerged in Japan , which has been in power since then with two interruptions (1993–1994 and 2009–2012).

Events

politics

January

January 1 : Max Petitpierre becomes President of Switzerland again .

January 2 : Panama 's President José Antonio Remón Cantera dies in an assassination attempt on him in Panama City , which subsequently remains unresolved.

January 2nd : The Bundeswehr is founded

February

February 6 : Foundation of the Association of Liberal Academics as the Seniors' Association of Liberal Students in Bonn

February 8 : In the Soviet Union , Defense Minister Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Bulganin is promoted to chairman of the Council of Ministers and replaces the previous Prime Minister Georgi Maximilianowitsch Malenkov .

February 13 : In his radio roll call, Cobalt 60 - a danger or a blessing for humanity? , which is broadcast in Germany, Denmark, Austria and Norway at the same time, Otto Hahn warns the governments and peoples of the world against the production and use of nuclear weapons . Five days later he repeated his appeal in English on the BBC's international network in London .

February 17th : The Conference of Ministers of Education decides in the Düsseldorf Agreement to standardize the German school system . Among other things, all higher schools are generally given the name Gymnasium and English becomes a compulsory foreign language.

February 23 : First meeting of the SEATO countries.

February 23 : Baghdad Pact between Turkey , Iraq and Iran . Joint military operations against every Kurdish liberation movement are agreed in it. Great Britain joins the agreement in early April . The USA has a permanent observer status at the meetings.

March

March 2nd : In Cambodia , King Norodom abdicates Sihanouk . He renounces the Cambodian throne in favor of his father Norodom Suramarit .

March 5 : Allied agencies in the Federal Republic of Germany are dissolved. It is the end of the occupation .

March 13 : There is a change of throne in Nepal after the death of King Tribhuvan . His son Mahendra rules the country.

March 31 : Trade agreement between India and the Federal Republic of Germany

April

April 5 : Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of Great Britain for health reasons.

May

May 5 : The Paris Treaties come into force.
May 6 : The Federal Republic of Germany joins NATO .
May 14 : Establishment of the Warsaw Pact
May 15th : Signing of the Austrian State Treaty

June

The last sentence of the “Mainau Declaration” on the Otto Hahn monument in Berlin-Dahlem, Altensteinstr. 48

June 4th : The foreign ministers of the coal and steel union decide in Messina to form a common market and a European atomic community.
June 7th : The Blank office becomes the German Federal Ministry of Defense .
June 20th : Paraguay becomes a member of UNESCO .
June 21 : Afghanistan , 2nd transit agreement with the USSR . Content: Expansion of the Salang Strait and the river port at Amu Darya u. a.

July

July 15 : In the “ Mainau Declaration ” at the meeting of Nobel Prize winners in Lindau, 18 Nobel Prize winners speak out against the use of nuclear weapons on the initiative of Otto Hahn .

18th - 23. July : Geneva Summit (also known as quad-conference) in the Germany question

July 26 : In East Berlin , the Soviet party leader Nikita Khrushchev proclaims the two-state theory . Thereafter, two sovereign states emerged on the territory of the German Empire after the Second World War . The German policy of the Soviet Union changes under this aspect.

July 27 : The Austrian State Treaty officially comes into force.

August

August 10 : The government of the Soviet Union allows its citizens to travel to Finland , Sweden and other socialist countries.

September

September 6 : Pogrom in Istanbul against the Greek minority

The mother of a prisoner of war thanks Konrad Adenauer after his return from Moscow, September 14, 1955.

September 8 : Federal Chancellor Adenauer brings about the release of the last (around 10,000) German prisoners of war in Moscow .
September 20 : The GDR is declared a "sovereign state" by the Soviet Union.

October

October 5th : Foundation of the Federal Ministry for Atomic Affairs
October 7th : The first 600 late returnees of the "last 10,000" prisoners of war from the Soviet Union arrive in Friedland .
October 9 : General election in Bremen
October 12 : The International Organization for Legal Metrology is founded in Paris .

Plaza de Mayo: victims of bombing

October 16 : The Argentine Air Force bombs the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires, where paramilitary unions are fighting with army units. After the coup against President Juan Perón, Peronists called for resistance to the new regime.
October 22 : Prince Norodom Sihanouk becomes Prime Minister of Cambodia . In Phnom Penh , he announced that the country wanted to maintain strict neutrality .
October 23 : Saar vote: The Saarland population rejects the Saar Statute .
October 25 : The last occupation soldier leaves Austria.
October 26 : Austria decides on permanent neutrality by passing the Neutrality Act.

November

November 6th : On the night of November 6th to 7th, the pogrom staged nationwide by the Turkish government under Adnan Menderes takes place against Christians and Jews with serious human rights violations and property damage.
November 9th : The Federal Constitutional Court ruled that Austrians living in Germany who received German citizenship with the Anschluss in 1938 , lost them with the sovereignty of Austria.

November 12 : The first 101 volunteers of the new army are in Bonn by Theodor Blank (head of agency of the Office Blank ; 1955-1956 Defense) sworn in.

Founding party convention of the LDP

November 15 : The Liberals and the Democratic Party merge to form the Liberal Democratic Party in Japan.

December

December 1 : Rosa Parks is arrested in Montgomery , Alabama, USA for refusing to vacate her seat on the bus for a male white passenger.

Flag of the Council of Europe / Europaflagge

December 8 : The Council of Europe adopts its emblem: a blue flag with twelve gold stars.

December 14 : Hungary , Spain , Ceylon , Nepal , Austria, Portugal , Romania , Laos , Libya , Jordan , Cambodia, Ireland , Italy , Finland, Bulgaria and Albania become members of the United Nations .

December 20th : Cardiff is declared the capital of Wales by the British Minister for Wales .

December 20 : The Federal Republic of Germany concludes a recruitment agreement with Italy for the recruitment and placement of Italian workers ( guest workers ).

economy

February 9 : The US trade unions AFL and CIO join the single union AFL-CIO together.
April 1 : In Felsberg-Berus, the private broadcaster “Europa 1” starts broadcasting. Even after the incorporation of the Saarland, it was allowed to continue its broadcasting operations and remained the only private radio broadcaster on German soil until 1983.
April 1 : The first Lufthansa flight after the war from Hamburg to Munich
June 4 : In the Dresden district , the GDR's Deutsche Post uses X-ray technology for the first time to check the contents of parcels from the Federal Republic of Germany .
October 4 : The Citroën DS 19 is displayed, stands out for its streamlined body and a hydropneumatic in the suspension of cars of competitors is different.

science and technology

January 2nd : The Inca temple Paititi is discovered by Hans Ertl near the Rio Chinijo .

February 2 : In the settlement Tjuratam beginning Soviet Union to build a test site for intercontinental ballistic missiles , which become the Baikonur Cosmodrome developed.

February 13 : In the Indian state of Gujarat , the Archaeological Survey of India begins with the excavation of the city of Lothal , which belongs to the ancient Indus culture .
March 2 : The Dassault Super Mystère , the first European supersonic aircraft , completes its maiden flight .
March 12 : The Alouette II helicopter, made in France, takes its maiden flight .

April 12 : In the USA , the Salk vaccine against polio successfully tested.

June 6th : Jean Boulet ( France ) reached a height of 8,209 m with an SE 3130 “Alouette II” helicopter : world record.

June 5th : The first atomic clock goes into operation in England.

June 10 : The foundation stone for the European nuclear research laboratory CERN is laid.

July 9 : The philosopher Bertrand Russell publishes the Russell-Einstein Manifesto , signed by him and ten other scientists, in London , which deals with the consequences of the use of nuclear weapons .

July 28 : US President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces through White House spokesman James Hagerty that he will commission an Earth satellite as the US national contribution to the International Geophysical Year .

August 1 : In Austria is the ORF broadcast the first television program.

August 5 : The Volkswagen factory celebrates the completion of one million of the popular "Beetle".

October 2nd : ENIAC , one of the first computers , is switched off.

November 22nd : At the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, the Soviet Union ignites another nuclear weapon , a transportable hydrogen bomb .

November 24th : The twin-engined Fokker F-27 airliner makes its maiden flight .
First accidental discovery of the snow cannon
First GDR computer: OPREMA
Discovery of the rotation of Pluto
Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain produce antiprotons for the first time .
Glenn T. Seaborg and co-workers create atoms of the chemical element mendelevium .
At the Frankfurt IAA is from the commercial vehicle manufacturer Magirus-Deutz , the first prototype of a forward-control - truck with tilting cab introduced from German production. This technique is now the common standard around the world.

Culture

January 2nd : The guessing game What am I? with Robert Lembke will be broadcast on German television for the first time.
January 8th : World premiere of the revue operetta We travel around the world by Charles Kálmán at the Hessian State Theater in Wiesbaden
January 17th : With Mainz as it sings and laughs, the first carnival session flickers across the German screens.
January 24th : The New York Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) shows the photo exhibition The Family of Man .
January 29th : The film Les Diaboliques by director Henri-Georges Clouzot is premiered in Paris .
May 5 : premiere of the musical Damn Yankees by Richard Adler and Jerry Ross at the 46th Street Theater in New York City
July 15th : The 1st Documenta will take place in Kassel until September 18th .

July 17 : Walt Disney opens the first Disneyland amusement park near Anaheim , California .

July 26 : The film The Night of the Hunter by director Charles Laughton premieres in the American Des Monies .

August 17th : World premiere of the opera Penelope by Rolf Liebermann at the Salzburg Festival

August 27th : The first bound edition of The Guinness Book of Records is available.

September 3 : The cold light , a drama by Carl Zuckmayer , is premiered in the Deutsches Schauspielhaus.

September 29 : World premiere of the opera The Fiery Angel by Sergei Sergejewitsch Prokofjew at the Teatro La Fenice in Venice

End of October: "... because they don't know what they're doing" ( Rebel Without a Cause ) with James Dean

December 3 : World premiere of the opera buffa The School for Wives by Rolf Liebermann in Louisville (Kentucky)

December 23 : The first Mosaik , a comic magazine published in the GDR with the Digedags as the main hero, appears.

December 29th : The feature film I often think of Piroschka with Liselotte Pulver in the title role , directed by Kurt Hoffmann , is premiered in Cologne .

The Canadian pianist Glenn Gould made a critically acclaimed recording of the Goldberg Variations . A second recording was made in 1981 .

society

July 13 : The 28-year-old Ruth Ellis , the last woman in Britain, as murderess on the line is executed.

religion

January 24 : Peter Kuhlen and 14 other people found the Apostolic Community in Düsseldorf .

May 20 : In Argentina , the Roman Catholic denomination is abolished as the state religion .

December 25th : In the encyclical Musicae sacrae disciplina Pope Pius XII deals . with church music . He rejects the music of the Romantic era and popular mass settings.

Sports

January 22nd : First officially recognized maximum break in the history of snooker by Joe Davis at Leicester Square Hall , London
May 15th : First ascent of Makalu , the fifth highest mountain on earth
May 25 : First ascent of Kangchenjunga , the third highest mountain on earth
June 11 : In the worst accident in the history of motorsport , 84 people die at the 24-hour race of Le Mans when the Mercedes racing car ( Silver Arrow ) of the Frenchman Pierre Levegh explodes in the midst of the audience: Accident at the 24-hour race of Le Mans 1955 . Mercedes then withdraws from racing for the time being.
September 11th : The Argentine Juan Manuel Fangio wins the Formula 1 World Championship for the third time .
December 11 : In Ludwigsburg is Hans Günter Winkler as German Sportsman of the Year 1955 award.

Disasters

September 7th : Floods in India , about 45 million people homeless

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .