Maximum break
A maximum break , often just a maximum , is a specialty of the snooker billiard variant . It comes about when neither player has previously punched a ball and the player who is “on the break” punches all balls one after the other in the order according to the rules and fifteen times in the combination “red-black” without a miss or foul the maximum score of 147 points is achieved.
In 1982, the six-time world champion Steve Davis played the first officially recognized maximum break in a professional tournament, after numerous - partly unrecognized - further maximum breaks had been played outside of professional tournaments since 1934. In the following decades the number of maximum breaks rose to 157 by 2020, with the Englishman Ronnie O'Sullivan achieving the most maximum breaks with fifteen.
Emergence
Maximum breaks in "normal" snooker
In snooker, the term “ break ” is used to describe balls with holes in a row. A break ends as soon as a hole attempt fails or there is no more ball on the table (" clearance "). A kind of subdivision takes place from a break of 100 or more points, from this limit a break is called a " century break ".
A maximum break is the highest possible break that can be played with the balls lying on the snooker table within a single frame , with the exception of the 16 reds clearance. The prerequisite for this is that no ball has been punched at the beginning of the break and that all balls are therefore on the table. To achieve this, a black ball worth seven points must be played for each of the fifteen red balls with the value of one point. If all reds are off the table, all colors in the endgame must also be punched with a total of 27 points so that at the end of the frame one player has achieved a maximum break. A maximum break is always considered an outstanding performance by a player and is rewarded accordingly .
16 Reds clearance special case
With a freeball at the beginning of the break, an even higher score than 147 can be achieved. You get such a freeball when the white ball snookered onto all red balls after a foul by the opponent . Thus, the now snookered player can nominate any ball as a “substitute red”. If he manages a total clearance out of this situation, it is called a 16 reds clearance , since together with the freeball a total of 16 instead of the usual 15 red balls are pocketed. The player can get eight additional points with the freeball, provided he pits black (seven points) for the substitute red (one point). If he then punches the full 147 points on the table, this results in a 155 break, which represents a maximum break by punching the maximum possible points. Englishman Jamie Cope played such a 155 break during a training game in the summer of 2005.
A year earlier, the Scot Jamie Burnett played a 148 break during his qualifier against Leo Fernandez for the UK Championship , which is still the highest break in professional snooker. It was based on a freeball, for which Burnett nominated the brown ball as a substitute red and also played brown (four points) as the corresponding color. Then he then punched all fifteen reds, playing twelve times black (eight points each with a red), twice pink (each seven points with a red) and once blue (six points with red) before he played the colors with the endgame completed his 148 break. For the reason that black was not always played with the (substitute) reds, i.e. the maximum possible number of points was not punched, it is officially not considered a maximum break, although it is the only officially recognized break with a score higher than 147. Burnett played a regular maximum break three years later in qualifying for the Grand Prix .
Maximum breaks in different snooker variants
There are also maximum breaks in the numerous variants of snooker. With the Snooker Plus variant co-developed by Joe Davis , a maximum break of 210 points can be achieved, because in addition to the normal balls there is an orange ball worth eight points and a purple ball worth ten points.
In six red snooker , which is played with only six instead of fifteen red balls, a maximum break worth 75 points can be played. With a freeball this score can be increased to 83, which the Egyptian Wael Talaat achieved at the IBSF 6 Red Snooker World Championship in 2014 .
In power snooker - where there are additional rules in addition to the nine reds - a maximum break of 99 points would be possible. But since there are two more changes with the Power Ball and the Power Zone , which can bring additional points, there is a significantly higher maximum break. If the Power Ball is the first red to be punched and from this point all balls from the Power Zone (= the area behind the D) are punched within two minutes , a maximum break of 393 points would theoretically be possible (one point for the Power Ball + 4 × 7 points for the first black + 8 × 32 for the remaining red + black + 4 × 27 for the end game on the colors = 393 points).
A maximum break of 107 points would be possible in both the snooker pool and ten red snooker , which are both played with ten reds each, but on different tables.
history
Beginnings in the amateur field
At the beginning of the 20th century, the maximum break was generally considered unplayable. This changed when the New Zealander Edward James O'Donoghue on 26 September 1934, Griffith in the Australian state of New South Wales , the first maximum break played, followed by the Canadians Leo Levitt in November 1948. The first officially recognized maximum break played world champion Joe Davis on January 22, 1955 during a free game at Leicester Square Hall , London , recognition only taking place in March 1957.
The first maximum break in Germany during the regular tournament was achieved in 1994 by Mike Henson in the final of the Gifhorner Open.
Developments in the professional sector
The first maximum break played in a professional tournament succeeded John Spencer against Cliff Thorburn on January 13, 1979 at Holsten Lager International in the Fulcrum Center in Slough ; however, it was not recognized as the table had pockets that were too large. It could also have been the first televised maximum break if the camera crew hadn't taken a tea break. Almost exactly three years later to the day, on January 11, 1982, Steve Davis then played the first officially recognized maximum break at the Lada Classic , which was also the first maximum break televised. John Spencer happened to be sitting in the opponent's chair.
Only a year later, the Canadian Cliff Thorburn played the first maximum break during a World Cup as part of his game against the Welshman Terry Griffiths . By the end of the 1980s, however, only eight officially recognized maximum breaks were played (including two by Cliff Thorburn), but at the latest from 1992, when five maximum breaks were played alone, this number rose rapidly. For example, twelve maximum breaks were played in the 1999 calendar year and eight maximum breaks in the 2000 calendar year, after which the number declined again. This first-mentioned jump in the number can be traced back to the development of professional style of play: In 1985, the Scot Stephen Hendry came on the Main Tour, who designed the game much more aggressively than most of the previous players. So Hendry developed the structured breakbuilding, which included, for example, the "long red" as an entry ball and the split of the red group by punching the blue on one of the middle pockets, which until then had been considered too risky by the players. He was also safe when punching the middle pocket, which was an important cornerstone for breakbuilding. This gave him a better chance of playing higher breaks and thus also maximum breaks. Since Hendry had a lot of success with it - he won the World Snooker Championship seven times - this style of play established itself. In addition, in the 1990s, the opening of the tour to all players and an associated larger field of participants, as well as more tournaments per se, gave more potential opportunities to play a maximum break.
At the end of the 1990s, when Hendry was still dominant, another fast player came to the top of the world with the Englishman Ronnie O'Sullivan . O'Sullivan was later nicknamed "The Rocket" because he, like Hendry, played much more risky than others before and thus developed better chances. In the 1997 World Snooker Championship , O'Sullivan played the fastest maximum break ever. Depending on the interpretation of the TV recording, it had a length of 5:08 minutes or 5:20 minutes, with the World Association and the Guinness Book of Records set to 5:08 minutes. This is possibly because the seconds in which O'Sullivan gets up from his chair, looks at the picture lying on the table and starts the break are partly counted. With the ban on sponsorship by tobacco companies at the beginning of the 2000s, a lull began in snooker, in which the number of tournaments was drastically reduced (e.g. 17 tournaments in 1996/97 and nine tournaments in 2005/06 ). In addition, the number of Main Tour professionals decreased, which also drastically decreased the number of games. During this time, for example, the Scot John Higgins had relatively great success with five maximum breaks between 2000 and 2006, as he was also a good break builder. In 2003 he played a maximum break in two consecutive world ranking tournaments for the first time, both at the LG Cup and at the British Open .
The turning point came in 2007 when six maximum breaks were played in a calendar year. Two of them were played by O'Sullivan, who with his maximum breaks at the Northern Ireland Trophy and at the UK Championship was the second player to play a maximum break in two consecutive world rankings. Although the number of tournaments only increased noticeably with the introduction of the Players Tour Championship for the 2010/11 season , many excellent players had established themselves among the top players who had taken over the style of play from Hendry and thus also had better chances of higher breaks. In the 2010s, the number of maximum breaks shot up again, as, in addition to the introduction of the Players Tour Championship (2010-2016), a radical change at the world association ( Barry Hearn ) meant that many more tournaments were played again. In the UK Championship 2013 , for example, Mark Selby played the 100th maximum break, and Shaun Murphy scored three maximum breaks over the next year . In the 2017 Championship League , England's Mark Davis set an age record when he played his second maximum break at the age of 44 years and 202 days, after having played his first maximum break in the same tournament two months earlier. It took only six more years for David Gilbert to hit the 147th maximum in a Championship League game .
Steve Davis played the first officially recognized maximum break in 1982
Stephen Hendry gave snooker a more offensive style of play
Ronnie O'Sullivan played both the fastest maximum break and the most
John Higgins is an excellent breakbuilder
Mark Selby played the 100th maximum break
David Gilbert played the 147th 147 break
Official maximum breaks
criteria
To be officially recognized by the World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association (WPBSA), a maximum break must meet the following two criteria.
- The maximum must have been played during a professional tournament.
- The maximum must have been played on a table with pockets that are a rule-compliant size.
Many maximum breaks fail because of these two criteria. For example, the very first maximum break by Edward James O'Donoghue or the first maximum break by Joe Davis were not recognized because they were not played in a professional tournament. This criterion, however, fulfilled the maximum break by John Spencer in January 1979, but it was played on a table that did not have the required pocket size.
Chronological maximum breaks
If both of the above criteria are met, a maximum break will be officially recognized by the WPBSA. The following table lists these officially recognized maximum breaks chronologically.
- No .: Number of the maximum break
- Date: Date on which the maximum break was played.
- Player: The player who played the maximum break.
- Result: Final score of the match in which the maximum break was played. The number of frames of the player who played the maximum break is mentioned first, followed by the number of frames of his opponent. Victories turn green ; Ties are highlighted in orange and defeats in red from the perspective of the maximum player.
- Tournament: Link to the tournament during which the maximum break was played. Depending on availability, the individual tournament is sometimes linked, sometimes the overview articles for the respective tournaments are also mentioned. Televised breaks are marked (TV) .
- Round / Frame: The first round is the round in which the maximum break was played. The number of frames follows, i.e. in which frame the maximum was played.
- Referee: Referee who directed the game in which the maximum was played.
No. | date | player | Result | opponent | competition | Round / frame | referee |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | January 11, 1982 | Steve Davis | 5: 2 | John Spencer | Lada Classic (TV) | Quarterfinals, frame 5 | Jim Thorpe |
2 | April 23, 1983 | Cliff Thorburn | 13:12 | Terry Griffiths | World Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 4 | John Williams |
3 | January 28, 1984 | Kirk Stevens | 4: 6 | Jimmy White | Masters (TV) | Semifinals, frame 9 | John Smyth |
4th | 17th November 1987 | Willie Thorne | 9: 4 | Tommy Murphy | UK Championship | Round of 32, frame 2 | John Street |
5 | 20th of February 1988 | Tony Meo | 2: 6 | Stephen Hendry | Matchroom League | Group stage, frame 7 | Alan Chamberlain |
6th | September 24, 1988 | Alain Robidoux | 5-0 | Jim Meadowcroft | European Open qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 2 | John Smyth |
7th | February 18, 1989 | John Rea | 5: 3 | Ian Black | Scottish Professional Championship | Quarterfinals, frame 6 | Bill McKerron |
8th | March 8, 1989 | Cliff Thorburn | 7: 1 | Jimmy White | Matchroom League | Group stage, frame 4 | Martin Webb |
9 | January 16, 1991 | James Wattana | 6: 2 | Paul Dawkins | World Masters | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Bruce Duncan |
10 | June 5, 1991 | Peter Ebdon | 5-0 | Wayne Martin | Strachan Open qualification | First round | Dave Church-West |
11 | February 25, 1992 | James Wattana | 5: 1 | Tony Drago | British Open (TV) | Round of 16, frame 5 | Bruce Duncan |
12 | April 22, 1992 | Jimmy White | 10: 4 | Tony Drago | World Championship (TV) | First round, frame 4 | John Street |
13 | May 9, 1992 | John Parrott | 5: 3 | Tony Meo | Matchroom League | Group stage, frame 4 | Roy Couch |
14th | May 24, 1992 | Stephen Hendry | 4: 4 | Willie Thorne | Matchroom League | Group stage, frame 8 | Alan Shankland |
15th | November 14, 1992 | Peter Ebdon | 4: 9 | Ken Doherty | UK Championship | Round of 64, frame 12 | Colin Brinded |
16 | September 7, 1994 | David McDonnell | 5: 3 | Nic Barrow | British Open qualification | Fourth round | Howard Spencer |
17th | April 21, 1995 | Stephen Hendry | 16:12 | Jimmy White | World Championship (TV) | Semi-final, frame 12 | Len Ganley |
18th | November 25, 1995 | Stephen Hendry | 9: 2 | Gary Wilkinson | UK Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 5 | John Williams |
19th | January 5, 1997 | Stephen Hendry | 9: 8 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | Charity Challenge (TV) | Finale, frame 17 | Alan Chamberlain |
20th | April 21, 1997 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 10: 6 | Mick Price | World Championship (TV) | First round, frame 14 | Len Ganley |
21st | September 18, 1997 | James Wattana | 5: 4 | Pang Wei Guo | China International | Quarterfinals, frame 6 | Jiang Zhenyuan |
22nd | May 16, 1998 | Stephen Hendry | 5: 6 | Ken Doherty | Premier League Snooker (TV) | Semifinals, frame 5 | Alan Chamberlain |
23 | August 10, 1998 | Adrian Gunnell | 5: 4 | Mario Wehrmann | Thailand Masters Qualification | First round | Dave Palmer |
24 | August 13, 1998 | Mehmet Husnu | 5: 4 | Eddie Barker | China International Qualification | First round | Dave Baxter |
25th | January 13, 1999 | Jason Prince | 4: 5 | Ian Brumby | British Open qualification | Round of the last 96 | Peter Williamson |
26th | January 29, 1999 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 5: 2 | James Wattana | Welsh Open (TV) | Quarterfinals, frame 3 | John Newton |
27 | February 4, 1999 | Stuart Bingham | 4: 2 | Barry Hawkins | UK Tour - Event 3 | Round of the last 128 | Derek Budde |
28 | March 22, 1999 | Nick Dyson | 4: 3 | Adrian Gunnell | UK Tour - Event 4 | Round of the last 128 | Peter Williamson |
29 | April 6, 1999 | Graeme Dott | 5: 4 | David Roe | British Open (TV) | Round of 64, frame 7 | Haydn Parry |
30th | September 19, 1999 | Stephen Hendry | 9: 5 | Peter Ebdon | British Open (TV) | Finale, frame 7 | John Newton |
31 | September 21, 1999 | Barry Pinches | 4: 5 | Joe Johnson | Welsh Open qualification | Round of 96, frame 12 | Peter Williamson |
32 | October 13, 1999 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 5: 1 | Graeme Dott | Grand Prix (TV) | Round of 32, frame 2 | Colin Brinded |
33 | November 4, 1999 | Karl Burrows | 3: 5 | Adrian Rosa | Benson & Hedges Championship | Round of the last 128 | Graham Harding |
34 | November 22, 1999 | Stephen Hendry | 9: 3 | Paul Wykes | UK Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 5 | John Newton |
35 | January 21, 2000 | John Higgins | 6: 4 | Dennis Taylor | Nations Cup (TV) | Group stage, frame 7 | Alan Chamberlain |
36 | March 24, 2000 | John Higgins | 6: 4 | Jimmy White | Irish Masters (TV) | Quarter Finals, Frame 1 | Colin Brinded |
37 | March 28, 2000 | Stephen Maguire | 4: 5 | Phaitoon Phonbun | Scottish Open qualification | First round | Stuart Bennett |
38 | April 5, 2000 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 5: 4 | Quinten Hann | Scottish Open (TV) | Round of 32, frame 4 | Jan Verhaas |
39 | October 25, 2000 | Marco Fu | 1: 5 | Ken Doherty | Scottish Masters (TV) | First round, frame 4 | Peter Reinaldi |
40 | November 7, 2000 | David McLellan | 5: 3 | Steve Meakin | Benson & Hedges Championship | Second round | Stuart Bennett |
41 | November 19, 2000 | Nick Dyson | 5: 3 | Robert Milkins | UK Championship qualification | Second round | Alan Chamberlain |
42 | February 25, 2001 | Stephen Hendry | 7: 1 | Mark Williams | Malta Grand Prix (TV) | Finale, frame 3 | Paul Galea |
43 | October 17, 2001 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 5: 1 | Drew Henry | LG Cup (TV) | Round of 16, frame 3 | Eirian Williams |
44 | November 12, 2001 | Shaun Murphy | 5: 2 | Adrian Rosa | Benson & Hedges Championship | Round of the last 32 | unknown |
45 | October 28, 2002 | Tony Drago | 3: 5 | Stuart Bingham | Benson & Hedges Championship | Round of the last 32 | Alan Chamberlain |
46 | April 22, 2003 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 6:10 | Marco Fu | World Championship (TV) | First round, frame 7 | Jan Verhaas |
47 | October 12, 2003 | John Higgins | 5: 9 | Mark Williams | LG Cup (TV) | Finale, frame 11 | Lawrie Annandale |
48 | November 12, 2003 | John Higgins | 5: 1 | Michael Judge | British Open (TV) | Round of 32, frame 5 | Peter Williamson |
49 | 4th October 2004 | John Higgins | 3: 5 | Ricky Walden | Grand Prix (TV) | Round of 64, frame 3 | Peter Williamson |
50 | November 17, 2004 | David Gray | 9: 3 | Mark Selby | UK Championship | Round of 32, frame 5 | Eirian Williams |
51 | April 20, 2005 | Mark Williams | 10: 1 | Robert Milkins | World Championship (TV) | First round, frame 11 | Colin Brinded |
52 | November 22, 2005 | Stuart Bingham | 5-0 | Marcus Campbell | Masters qualifying event | Fourth qualifying round, frame 5 | Peter Williamson |
53 | March 14, 2006 | Robert Milkins | 4:10 | Mark Selby | World Championship qualification | Fourth qualifying round, frame 8 | Dave Palmer |
54 | October 23, 2006 | Jamie Cope | 3: 1 | Michael Holt | Grand Prix | Group stage, frame 4 | Terry Camilleri |
55 | January 14, 2007 | Ding Junhui | 6: 3 | Anthony Hamilton | Masters (TV) | First round, frame 7 | Michaela Tabb |
56 | February 16, 2007 | Andrew Higginson | 5: 1 | Allister Carter | Welsh Open (TV) | Quarter Finals, Frame 2 | Dave Palmer |
57 | September 19, 2007 | Jamie Burnett | 4: 3 | Liu Song | Grand Prix qualification | Group stage, frame 6 | Colin Humphries |
58 | October 14, 2007 | Tom Ford | 4-0 | Steve Davis | Grand Prix | Group stage, frame 3 | Andy Yates |
59 | November 8, 2007 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 6: 2 | Allister Carter | Northern Ireland Trophy (TV) | Round of 16, frame 5 | Colin Humphries |
60 | December 15, 2007 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 9: 8 | Mark Selby | UK Championship (TV) | Semifinals, frame 17 | Alan Chamberlain |
61 | March 29, 2008 | Stephen Maguire | 6: 5 | Ryan Day | China Open (TV) | Semifinals, frame 2 | Eirian Williams |
62 | April 28, 2008 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 13: 7 | Mark Williams | World Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 20 | Eirian Williams |
63 | April 29, 2008 | Allister Carter | 13: 9 | Peter Ebdon | World Championship (TV) | Quarterfinals, frame 15 | Terry Camilleri |
64 | October 2, 2008 | Jamie Cope | 2: 5 | Mark Williams | Shanghai Masters (TV) | Round of 16, frame 3 | Deng Yueyuan |
65 | October 29, 2008 | Liang Wenbo | 5: 2 | Martin Gould | Bahrain Championship Qualification | Third qualifying round, frame 4 | Andy Yates |
66 | November 8, 2008 | Marcus Campbell | 5-0 | Ahmed Basheer Al-Khusaibi | Bahrain Championship (TV) | Wildcard round , frame 4 | Abdullah Jahauni |
67 | December 16, 2008 | Ding Junhui | 4: 9 | John Higgins | UK Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 3 | Jan Verhaas |
68 | April 28, 2009 | Stephen Hendry | 11:13 | Shaun Murphy | World Championship (TV) | Quarterfinals, frame 7 | Terry Camilleri |
69 | June 5, 2009 | Mark Selby | 1: 2 | Joe Perry | Jiangsu Classic (TV) | Group stage, frame 1 | Shi Ming |
70 | April 1, 2010 | Neil Robertson | 1: 5 | Peter Ebdon | China Open (TV) | Round of 16, frame 2 | Michaela Tabb |
71 | June 25, 2010 | Kurt Maflin | 4-0 | Michał Zieliński | Players Tour Championship - Event 1 | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Andy Yates |
72 | August 6, 2010 | Barry Hawkins | 4: 1 | James McGouran | Players Tour Championship - Event 3 | Round of the last 32 | John Pellew |
73 | 20th September 2010 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 3-0 | Mark King | World Open Qualification (TV) | Round of 64, frame 3 | Jan Verhaas |
74 | October 22, 2010 | Thanawat Tirapong Paiboon | 1: 4 | Barry Hawkins | Rhein-Main Masters | Round of 32, frame 3 | Olivier Marteel |
75 | October 23, 2010 | Mark Williams | 4-0 | Diana Schuler | Rhein-Main Masters | Round of the last 128, frame 1 | Jaskula Tomasz |
76 | November 19, 2010 | Rory McLeod | 3: 4 | Issara Kachaiwong | Prague Classic | Round of 32, frame 5 | Bernd Sadleder |
77 | February 17, 2011 | Stephen Hendry | 2: 4 | Stephen Maguire | Welsh Open (TV) | Round of 16, frame 1 | Peter Williamson |
78 | August 26, 2011 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 4-0 | Adam Duffy | Paul Hunter Classic (TV) | Round of 32, frame 3 | Thorsten Müller |
79 | November 22, 2011 | Mike Dunn | 5-0 | Kurt Maflin | German Masters qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Leo Scullion |
80 | November 27, 2011 | David Gray | 4: 2 | Robbie Williams | Players Tour Championship - Event 10 | Second amateur round, frame 6 | - |
81 | November 29, 2011 | Ricky Walden | 4: 1 | Gareth Allen | Players Tour Championship - Event 10 | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Brendan Moore |
82 | December 15, 2011 | Matthew Stevens | 4-0 | Michael Wasley | FFB Snooker Open | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Hilde Moens |
83 | December 15, 2011 | Ding Junhui | 4-0 | Brandon Winstone | FFB Snooker Open | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Ben Williams |
84 | December 17, 2011 | Ding Junhui | 4: 1 | James Cahill | Players Tour Championship - Event 11 (TV) | Round of the last 128, frame 5 | Hilde Moens |
85 | December 18, 2011 | Jamie Cope | 4: 3 | Kurt Maflin | Players Tour Championship - Event 11 | Round of 32, frame 1 | Pasi Jantti |
86 | January 14, 2012 | Marco Fu | 5: 2 | Matthew Selt | Haikou World Open Qualification | Fourth qualifying round, frame 6 | Andy Yates |
87 | April 11, 2012 | Robert Milkins | 10: 4 | Xiao Guodong | World Championship qualification | Fourth qualifying round, frame 3 | Paul Collier |
88 | April 21, 2012 | Stephen Hendry | 10: 4 | Stuart Bingham | World Championship (TV) | Round of 32, frame 7 | Zhu Ying |
89 | July 1, 2012 | Stuart Bingham | 4:10 | Ricky Walden | Wuxi Classic (TV) | Finale, frame 6 | Brendan Moore |
90 | August 24, 2012 | Ken Doherty | 4-0 | Julian Driver | Paul Hunter Classic | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Walter Kunz |
91 | 23rd September 2012 | John Higgins | 10: 9 | Judd Trump | Shanghai Masters (TV) | Finale, frame 6 | Michaela Tabb |
92 | November 16, 2012 | Tom Ford | 4: 1 | Matthew Stevens | Bulgarian Open (TV) | Round of 32, frame 1 | Nico De Vos |
93 | November 21, 2012 | Andy Hicks | 6: 2 | Daniel Wells | UK Championship qualification | Second qualifying round, frame 8 | Olivier Marteel |
94 | November 22, 2012 | Jack Lisowski | 6: 2 | Chen Zhe | UK Championship qualification | Third qualifying round, frame 4 | Colin Humphries |
95 | 5th December 2012 | John Higgins | 5: 6 | Mark Davis | UK Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 8 | Terry Camilleri |
96 | December 14, 2012 | Kurt Maflin | 4: 1 | Stuart Carrington | Scottish Open | Round of 32, frame 1 | John Twist |
97 | March 16, 2013 | Ding Junhui | 4: 3 | Mark Allen | Players Tour Championship - Grand Finals (TV) | Quarter Finals, Frame 1 | Michaela Tabb |
98 | May 28, 2013 | Neil Robertson | 5-0 | Mohamed Khairy | Wuxi Classic qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 2 | John Pellew |
99 | 15th November 2013 | Judd Trump | 3: 4 | Mark Selby | Antwerp Open | Round of 32, frame 3 | Herman Francken |
100 | December 7, 2013 | Mark Selby | 9: 5 | Ricky Walden | UK Championship (TV) | Semifinals, frame 7 | Paul Collier |
101 | December 11th 2013 | Dechawat Poomjaeng | 5: 3 | Zak Surety | German Masters qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Greg Coniglio |
102 | December 12th 2013 | Gary Wilson | 5: 3 | Ricky Walden | German Masters qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Leo Scullion |
103 | January 8, 2014 | Shaun Murphy | 3: 2 | Mark Davis | Championship League (Group 2) | Group stage, frame 3 | Paul Collier |
104 | February 9, 2014 | Shaun Murphy | 4: 2 | Jamie Jones | Gdynia Open | Round of 16, frame 6 | Monika Sułkowska |
105 | March 2, 2014 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 9: 3 | Ding Junhui | Welsh Open (TV) | Finale, frame 12 | Leo Scullion |
106 | 22nd August 2014 | Aditya Mehta | 2: 4 | Stephen Maguire | Paul Hunter Classic | Round of 32, frame 3 | Luise Kraatz |
107 | 23 October 2014 | Ryan Day | 4: 1 | Cao Yupeng | Haining Open | Round of 32, frame 5 | Zhou Bingfeng |
108 | 23rd November 2014 | Shaun Murphy | 4-0 | Robert Milkins | Ruhr Open (TV) | Finale, frame 2 | Thorsten Müller |
109 | 4th December 2014 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 6-0 | Matthew Selt | UK Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 6 | Jan Verhaas |
110 | December 12, 2014 | Ben Woollaston | 4-0 | Joe Steele | Lisbon Open | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Marc Lauwers |
111 | 5th January 2015 | Barry Hawkins | 3-0 | Stephen Maguire | Championship League (Group 1) | Group stage, frame 2 | Rob Spencer |
112 | January 11, 2015 | Marco Fu | 6: 3 | Stuart Bingham | Masters (TV) | Round of 16, frame 4 | Brendan Moore |
113 | February 6, 2015 | Judd Trump | 4: 5 | Mark Selby | German Masters | Quarterfinals, frame 5 | Marcel Eckardt |
114 | February 10, 2015 | David Gilbert | 2: 3 | Xiao Guodong | Championship League (Group 7) | Group stage, frame 3 | Maike Kesseler |
115 | December 6, 2015 | Neil Robertson | 10: 5 | Liang Wenbo | UK Championship (TV) | Finale, frame 6 | Jan Verhaas |
116 | December 11, 2015 | Marco Fu | 4: 2 | Sam Baird | Gibraltar Open | Round of 64, frame 5 | Martyn Royce |
117 | 19th February 2016 | Ding Junhui | 2: 5 | Neil Robertson | Welsh Open (TV) | Quarterfinals, frame 6 | Brendan Moore |
118 | February 25, 2016 | Fergal O'Brien | 1: 3 | Mark Davis | Championship League (Group 6) | Group stage, frame 1 | Marcel Eckardt |
119 | August 27, 2016 | Thepchaiya Un-Nooh | 4: 1 | Kurt Maflin | Paul Hunter Classic | Round of 32, frame 2 | Erik Amberg |
120 | 20th September 2016 | Stephen Maguire | 5-0 | Yi Chen Xu | Shanghai Masters | Wildcard round , frame 3 | Tang Xu |
121 | September 28, 2016 | Shaun Murphy | 4-0 | Allan Taylor | European Masters qualification | Round of 64, frame 2 | Rob Spencer |
122 | October 11, 2016 | Alfred Burden | 3: 4 | Daniel Wells | English Open | Round of the last 128, frame 6 | Tatiana Woollaston |
123 | November 16, 2016 | John Higgins | 4: 1 | Sam Craigie | Northern Ireland Open | Round of 64, frame 5 | Malgorzata Kanieska |
124 | November 27, 2016 | Mark Allen | 6: 4 | Rod Lawler | UK Championship | Round of 64, frame 7 | Marcel Eckardt |
125 | December 8, 2016 | Allister Carter | 5-0 | Wang Yuchen | German Masters qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Dave Palmer |
126 | December 8, 2016 | Ross Muir | 5: 2 | Itaro Santos | German Masters qualification | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Ingo Schmidt |
127 | January 10, 2017 | Mark Davis | 3: 2 | Neil Robertson | Championship League (Group 3) | Group finals, frame 5 | Brendan Moore |
128 | 1st February 2017 | Tom Ford | 5: 2 | Peter Ebdon | German Masters | Round of 32, frame 2 | Miłosz Olborski |
129 | 2nd March 2017 | Mark Davis | 3: 2 | John Higgins | Championship League (Winners' Group) | Group stage, frame 5 | Rob Spencer |
130 | March 30, 2017 | Judd Trump | 5: 3 | Tian Pengfei | China Open (TV) | Round of 16, frame 5 | Brendan Moore |
131 | April 6, 2017 | Gary Wilson | 10: 9 | Josh Boileau | World Championship qualification | First qualifying round, frame 4 | Dave Ford |
132 | 18th October 2017 | Liang Wenbo | 4: 3 | Tom Ford | English Open | Round of 64, frame 6 | Rob Spencer |
133 | October 31, 2017 | Kyren Wilson | 5: 6 | Martin Gould | International Championship | Round of 32, frame 10 | Shen Yifei |
134 | December 12, 2017 | Cao Yupeng | 4-0 | Andrew Higginson | Scottish Open | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Rob Spencer |
135 | January 26, 2018 | Martin Gould | 3: 2 | Li Hang | Championship League (Group 6) | Group stage, frame 5 | Brendan Moore |
136 | March 26, 2018 | Luca Brecel | 3-0 | John Higgins | Championship League (Group 7) | Group stage, frame 3 | Paul Collier |
137 | 3rd April 2018 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 2: 6 | Elliot Slessor | China Open (TV) | Round of 64, frame 5 | Peggy Li |
138 | 4th April 2018 | Stuart Bingham | 6: 5 | Ricky Walden | China Open | Round of 32, frame 7 | Zhang Yi |
139 | April 12, 2018 | Liang Wenbo | 10: 2 | Rod Lawler | World Championship qualification | First qualifying round, frame 10 | Ben Williams |
140 | August 24, 2018 | Michael Georgiou | 4: 2 | Umut Dikme | Paul Hunter Classic | Round of the last 128, frame 3 | Marcel Eckardt |
141 | August 24, 2018 | Jamie Jones | 2: 4 | Lee Walker | Paul Hunter Classic | Round of 64, frame 3 | Michael Schäfer |
142 | October 16, 2018 | Thepchaiya Un-Nooh | 4: 1 | Soheil Vahedi | English Open | Round of the last 128, frame 1 | Anastasiya Tuzikava |
143 | 17th October 2018 | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 4-0 | Allan Taylor | English Open (TV) | Round of 64, frame 4 | Marcel Eckardt |
144 | November 8, 2018 | Mark Selby | 3: 4 | Neil Robertson | Champion of Champions (TV) | First round, frame 2 | Dessislawa Boschilowa |
145 | December 12, 2018 | John Higgins | 4-0 | Gerard Greene | Scottish Open (TV) | Second round, frame 3 | Malgorzata Kanieska |
146 | December 21, 2018 | Judd Trump | 5-0 | Lukas Kleckers | German Masters Qualification (TV) | Round of 64, frame 3 | Radoslaw Matusiak |
147 | 22nd January 2019 | David Gilbert | 1: 3 | Stephen Maguire | Championship League (Group 5) (TV) | Group stage, frame 2 | Paul Collier |
148 | February 12, 2019 | Neil Robertson | 4: 1 | Jordan Brown | Welsh Open (TV) | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Glen Sullivan-Bisset |
149 | February 14, 2019 | Noppon Saengkham | 1: 4 | Mark Selby | Welsh Open (TV) | Round of 32, frame 2 | Luise Kraatz |
150 | February 28, 2019 | Zhou Yuelong | 3: 4 | Lü Haotian | Indian Open | Round of 64, frame 4 | Nazeer V |
151 | 3rd April 2019 | Stuart Bingham | 6: 3 | Peter Ebdon | China Open (TV) | Round of 32, frame 7 | Wang Haitao |
152 | 17th June 2019 | Tom Ford | 6: 1 | Fraser Patrick | International Championship Qualification (TV) | Round of the last 128, frame 7 | Andy Yates |
153 | 17th October 2019 | Tom Ford | 4: 3 | Shaun Murphy | English Open (TV) | Round of 16, frame 7 | Nigel Leddie |
154 | November 12, 2019 | Stuart Bingham | 4: 3 | Lu Ning | Northern Ireland Open | Round of the last 128, frame 1 | Leo Scullion |
155 | November 27, 2019 | Barry Hawkins | 6: 2 | Gerard Greene | UK Championship | Round of the last 128, frame 4 | Brendan Moore |
156 | February 11, 2020 | Kyren Wilson | 4: 3 | Jackson Page | Welsh Open (TV) | Round of the last 128, frame 1 | Marcel Eckardt |
157 | August 6, 2020 | John Higgins | 11:13 | Kurt Maflin | World Championship (TV) | Round of 16, frame 12 | Ben Williams |
statistics
The following tables are based on the data from the previous chronological overview.
Player with the most maximum breaks
Also in this statistic it is noticeable that the players mentioned in the history section have already played numerous maximum breaks due to their skills.
- Place: Placement of the player, sorted according to the number of maximum breaks. The minimum limit is three maximum breaks played.
- Number: Number of maximum breaks played by the player. The basic sorting is based on this number.
- Player: the player's name and the flag of the country he was playing for when he played the maximum.
- Last: Month and year when the player played his last maximum.
space | number | player | Last one |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 15th | Ronnie O'Sullivan | 17th October 2018 |
2 | 11 | Stephen Hendry | April 12, 2012 |
3 | 10 | John Higgins | August 6, 2020 |
4th | 6th | Ding Junhui | 19th February 2016 |
Stuart Bingham | November 12, 2019 | ||
6th | 5 | Shaun Murphy | September 28, 2016 |
Tom Ford | 17th October 2019 | ||
8th | 4th | Marco Fu | December 11, 2015 |
Neil Robertson | February 12, 2019 | ||
Judd Trump | December 21, 2018 | ||
11 | 3 | Jamie Cope | December 18, 2011 |
Liang Wenbo | April 12, 2018 | ||
Stephen Maguire | 20th September 2016 | ||
Mark Selby | November 8, 2018 | ||
James Wattana | September 18, 1997 | ||
Barry Hawkins | November 27, 2019 |
Number of maximum breaks per nation
It is particularly noteworthy that in addition to the home countries of snooker sport, especially Great Britain and Ireland, Asian countries such as China and Thailand have already achieved many maximum breaks. This is mainly due to the fact that with the professionalization of the sport, the Asian market also became accessible and with players like James Wattana and Ding Junhui there was a kind of boom, especially in Thailand and China.
- Place: placement of the nation. In the basic version it is sorted first according to the total number of maximum breaks, then according to the average. If two nations are still tied, the place will be divided.
- Nation: Nation of the player with a flag.
- Total Maximum Breaks: Number of maximum breaks played by all players in the nation.
- Players: Number of players in the nation who have played at least one maximum break.
- Average: Average number of maximum breaks per player.
space | nation | Maximum total breaks |
player | average |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | England | 79 | 34 | 2.32 |
2 | Scotland | 30th | 9 | 3.33 |
3 | People's Republic of China | 11 | 4th | 2.75 |
4th | Thailand | 8th | 5 | 1.6 |
5 | Wales | 5 | 4th | 1.25 |
6th | Australia | 4th | 1 | 4th |
Hong Kong | 4th | 1 | 4th | |
8th | Canada | 4th | 3 | 1.33 |
9 | Ireland | 3 | 3 | 1 |
10 | Norway | 2 | 1 | 2 |
11 | Northern Ireland | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Cyprus | 2 | 2 | 1 | |
13 | Belgium | 1 | 1 | 1 |
India | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Malta | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Number of maximum breaks per referee
What is striking about this statistic is the fact that numerous long-time and experienced snooker referees, who lead more and better-filled matches, directed a large part of the maximum breaks.
- Place: Position of the referee, sorting according to the number of maximum breaks conducted. The minimum number is three guided maximum breaks.
- Referee: Name of the referee and the flag of the country he was playing for when he directed the maximum.
- Number: Number of maximum breaks led by the referee. The basic sorting is based on this number.
-
Last: divided into:
- Player Name of the player and the flag of the country he was playing for when he played the last referee-directed maximum break
- Date Date of the last maximum break led by the referee.
space | referee | number | Last one | |
---|---|---|---|---|
player | date | |||
1 | Brendan Moore | 8th | Barry Hawkins | November 27, 2019 |
2 | Alan Chamberlain | 7th | Ronnie O'Sullivan | December 15, 2007 |
Peter Williamson | Stephen Hendry | February 17, 2011 | ||
4th | Jan Verhaas | 6th | Neil Robertson | December 6, 2015 |
Marcel Eckardt | Kyren Wilson | February 11, 2020 | ||
6th | Paul Collier | 5 | David Gilbert | 22nd January 2019 |
Rob Spencer | Cao Yupeng | December 12, 2017 | ||
Andy Yates | Tom Ford | 17th June 2019 | ||
9 | Colin Brinded | 4th | Mark Williams | April 20, 2005 |
Terry Camilleri | Mark Davis | 5th December 2012 | ||
Dave Palmer | Ali Carter | December 8, 2016 | ||
Leo Scullion | Stuart Bingham | November 12, 2019 | ||
Michaela Tabb | Ding Junhui | March 16, 2013 | ||
Eirian Williams | Ronnie O'Sullivan | April 28, 2008 | ||
14th | John Newton | 3 | Stephen Hendry | November 22, 1999 |
Colin Humphries | Jack Lisowski | November 22, 2012 | ||
Ben Williams | John Higgins | August 6, 2020 |
Number of maximum breaks by tournament
The order below can largely be explained by the following two factors. On the one hand, many tournaments, e.g. the UK Championship since 1977 or the Snooker World Championship since 1927, have been anchored on professional tours for many years and thus offered more opportunities than newer tournaments. On the other hand, the Championship League or the Masters , for example, have a small but excellent field of participants, mostly consisting of top players, which means that the probability of a maximum break is significantly higher. In addition, the leagues also have a disproportionately large field of participants, although this also applies to the UK Championship and the English Open .
- Place: Placement of the tournament, sorted according to the number of maximum breaks conducted. The minimum number is three maximum breaks.
- Tournament: Name of the tournament.
- Number: Number of maximum breaks played during the tournament. The basic sorting is based on this number.
-
Last: divided into:
- Year Year of the last maximum break played during the tournament.
- Player Name of the player and the flag of the country he was playing for when he played the last maximum break played during the tournament.
space | competition | number | Last one | |
---|---|---|---|---|
year | player | |||
1 | UK Championship | 16 | 2019 | Barry Hawkins |
2 | World Snooker Championship | 15th | 2020 | John Higgins |
3 | Championship League | 9 | 2019 | David Gilbert |
World Open | 2012 | Marco Fu | ||
Welsh Open | 2020 | Kyren Wilson | ||
6th | German Masters | 8th | 2019 | Judd Trump |
China Open | 2019 | Stuart Bingham | ||
8th | British Open | 6th | 2003 | John Higgins |
Paul Hunter Classic | 2018 | Jamie Jones | ||
10 | English Open | 5 | 2019 | Tom Ford |
Premier League snooker | 1998 | Stephen Hendry | ||
Scottish Open | 2018 | John Higgins | ||
12 | Benson & Hedges Championship | 4th | 2002 | Tony Drago |
Masters | 2015 | Marco Fu | ||
15th | Wuxi Classic | 3 | 2013 | Neil Robertson |
Shanghai Masters | 2016 | Stephen Maguire |
particularities
Particularly worth mentioning is Ronnie O'Sullivan , who with fifteen maximum breaks not only played the most, but also the fastest maximum break in 1997 with 5:08 minutes. After O'Sullivan wanted to cancel the maximum break in front of the last black at the World Open 2010 because of his anger over the low prize money and only referee Jan Verhaas was able to persuade him to continue playing, O'Sullivan succeeded at the UK Championship one day before his 39th birthday 2014 his 13th maximum break despite a broken ankle. In addition to O'Sullivan, the Englishman Tom Ford also had health problems during one of his Maximum Breaks: Shortly before he defeated six-time World Champion Steve Davis 4-0 at the 2007 Grand Prix and played his first Maximum Break, Ford was hospitalized with gastroenteritis and treated there. After firing himself, Ford made his first maximum break.
After O'Sullivan allowed himself to be persuaded to end the maximum break in 2010, he again protested at the Welsh Open 2016 against what he believed to be too little rewards for a maximum break. In the fifth and overall last frame of his game against Barry Pinches , he was on a maximum break course when he first found out about the reward for a maximum break from an official and then in the commentary booth. Since £ 10,000 seemed too low to him, he played the pink ball instead of black after the 14th red, so he played a 146 break.
Bonuses
A maximum break is always rewarded with an extra bonus. For example, Steve Davis got a Lada Riva from the title sponsor Lada for the first Maximum Break in 1982 , which he gave away to his parents. There was later an additional cash award which was £ 20,000 at most tournaments . Until 2011, a maximum of £ 147,000 was paid at the World Snooker Championship for a maximum in the main round.
As of 2011, the extra bonus was converted into a jackpot rule, the "Rolling 147 Prize". A fixed premium was set for each tournament:
- for the main round of a fully-fledged world ranking tournament £ 5000
- for the qualifying round of a world ranking tournament £ 500
If no maximum break was achieved, i.e. the bonus was not distributed, the bonus amount was collected in a pot. There was a separate pot for each type of tournament. If a maximum break was then achieved in a later tournament of the same type, the player received the tournament bonus as well as the amount that had accumulated in the pot belonging to the tournament type. For the 2019/20 season, however , the Rolling 147 Prize was abolished and replaced by a system that divides a million pound sterling prize money among the players of these maximum breaks for twenty maximum breaks played during a single season.
There are still special regulations for the World Cup. In 2018, £ 40,000 and in 2019 £ 50,000 were awarded for a main round maximum.
By the end of the Players Tour Championship at the end of the 2016 season, there was also a separate Rolling 147 Prize for the PTC, which was also £ 500.
Web links
- First Maximum Break on Television (by Steve Davis) on YouTube , May 25, 2006, accessed February 22, 2019.
- Ronnie O'Sullivan fastest 147 in history vs Mick Price at the 1997 World Championships on YouTube , November 30, 2010, accessed February 22, 2019.
- List of different records (English; snooker.org)
Individual evidence
- ^ Clive Everton : Murphy shows the form and confidence of a champion. In: The Guardian . October 12, 2005, accessed February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Gilbert Makes Historic 147th Maximum. World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association , January 22, 2019, accessed February 11, 2019 .
- ^ Clive Everton: Burnett's break goes one better. In: The Guardian . October 18, 2004, accessed February 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Vivek Pathak: Wael Talaat set a Record High Break in 6Reds. IBSF , June 20, 2014, accessed March 1, 2019 .
- ↑ Calendar of Events in the History of English Billiards and Snooker (July - September). snookergames.co.uk, accessed January 30, 2019 .
- ^ Snooker Canada: Leo Levitt. Snooker Canada, December 20, 2015, accessed January 30, 2019 .
- ^ A b Hugo Kastner: Humboldt Snooker Guide . Humboldt Verlag, Baden-Baden 2006, ISBN 978-3-89994-098-5 , pp. 161 ( google.de ).
- ^ A b Calendar of Events in the History of English Billiards and Snooker. snookergames.co.uk, accessed February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ History and highlights in Gifhorn or by Gifhorn players. RSC Gifhorn , accessed on February 18, 2019 .
- ^ Jamie Watkins: The 147 Club. (No longer available online.) Global Snooker Center, 2008, archived from the original on January 19, 2009 ; accessed on February 20, 2019 (English).
- ^ Snooker World Records. snooker.org, January 4, 2019, accessed February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ Rolf Kalb : The fascinating world of snooker . Edel Books, Hamburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8419-0611-3 , pp. 116-119 .
- ↑ a b Fastest 147 break in snooker. In: guinnessworldrecords.com. Guinness World Records , April 21, 1997, accessed May 8, 2018 .
- ↑ Rolf Kalb : The fascinating world of snooker . Edel Books, Hamburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8419-0611-3 , pp. 119-122 .
- ↑ Rolf Kalb : The fascinating world of snooker . Edel Books, Hamburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8419-0611-3 , pp. 122-124 .
- ^ Higgins wins Championship League. World Snooker , March 3, 2017, accessed February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ Chris Turner: Maximum Breaks. (No longer available online.) Chris Turner's Snooker Archive, 2011, archived from the original on May 8, 2016 ; accessed on January 31, 2019 (English).
- ↑ 147 breaks. World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association , accessed August 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Ron Florax: CueTracker - Maximums Made - All-time - Professional - Snooker Results & Statistics. Cuetracker.net, accessed on August 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Jörg Leopold: Snooker star Ronnie O'Sullivan: Maximum break despite broken ankle. Der Tagesspiegel , December 5, 2014, accessed on March 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Tom Ford. World Snooker , January 11, 2015, accessed March 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Press Association: Ronnie O'Sullivan passes up 147 break at Welsh Open as prize is 'too cheap'. The Guardian , February 15, 2016, accessed March 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Steve Davis : Interesting . Dragonstars Eventmanagement, Fürth 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-053061-6 , p. 144-148 (English: Interesting . Ebury Press, London 2015.).
- ↑ Steven Pye: Sporting firsts of the 1980s: from a nine-dart finish to a 147 break. In: The Guardian . November 14, 2013, accessed February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ World Snooker: Williams unhappy with 147 prize removal. BBC Sport , April 23, 2011, accessed February 20, 2019 .
- ^ Rolling 147 Prizes for Ladbrokes World Grand Prix and Ladbrokes Players Championship. World Snooker , February 29, 2016, accessed February 18, 2019 .
- ↑ 19 More Maximums Required For £ 1 Million Bonus. World Snooker , August 15, 2019, accessed November 4, 2019 .
- ^ 147 Rolling Prizes. (No longer available online.) World Snooker , December 1, 2011, archived from the original on December 3, 2011 ; accessed on February 20, 2019 (English).