John Spencer (snooker player)

John Spencer
John Spencer in 1971
birthday	September 18, 1935
place of birth	Radcliffe , Lancashire
date of death	11th July 2006 (age 70)
Place of death	Greater Manchester
nationality	England
Nickname (s)	Spenny gentleman John
professional	1967 / 1968-1994
Prize money	£ 205,613
Highest break	147 ( Holsten Lager International 1979)
Century breaks	66
Main tour successes
World championships	3
Ranking tournament victories	1
World rankings
Highest WRL place	2 ( 1977/78 )
Best results
Ranked tournaments	1 × winner
Other professional tournaments	22 × winners
Amateur tournaments	British champion 1966

John Spencer (born September 18, 1935 in Radcliffe , Lancashire , † July 11, 2006 in Greater Manchester ) was an English snooker player . Between 1967/1968 and 1994 he worked as a professional player. As one of the leading snooker players of the 1970s, he won the World Championship three times and the Masters once . In addition, he reached second place in the world rankings and played a non-officially recognized maximum break .

Already successful in snooker as a teenager, Spencer rediscovered the sport of snooker for himself after several years of abstinence. He quickly became one of the leading British amateurs until he became a professional player with Ray Reardon among others at the end of the 1960s . Spencer, Reardon and Alex Higgins shaped the sport in the years that followed and made it popular again. Spencer was world champion in 1969 and 1971 . He later won the Masters in 1975 and the World Championship in 1977 . For one season he also took second place in the ranking . After that, however, there were no successes at important tournaments.

In the early 1980s, his results were barely enough for a place in the top 16 before his form collapsed. This was due to diplopia as a result of the disease myasthenia gravis , the treatment of which caused psychological problems in him. With increasingly poor results, he ended his career as a player in the early 1990s, but in his final years as a professional he had already started new careers as a TV commentator and official. From 1990 to 1996 he was chairman of the world association . He was diagnosed with cancer in 2003 and discontinued treatment in 2005. In the months that followed, he wrote his autobiography and raised funds for the Myasthenia Gravis Association . Having received two snooker awards while still alive, Spencer was inducted into the Snooker Hall of Fame a few years after his death in July 2006 .

Career

Beginnings

Born in Radcliffe as one of five children, Spencer attended a grammar school in Stand . Together with his war-disabled father, he played a kind of billiards for the first time at home on a bagatella table that had been temporarily converted into a pool table . He learned to play pool in a church recreational facility , and later tried his hand at English billiards . When he was 14, his father took him to a local snooker hall, where Spencer was able to play on a real snooker table for the first time. At the age of 15 he already played his first Century Break . Two of his brothers were also good snooker players. While Spencer was already considered an up-and-coming talent, the headmaster of his school tried to forbid him to play snooker. Furthermore, snooker was very unprofitable as a profession at the time, as the sport was in decline. Eventually, Spencer lost sight of the sport when he was drafted into military service at the age of 18 . After serving in the Royal Air Force , he worked in a betting shop, as a driver, or in other similar jobs. He later found a job in a paper mill .

After a total of eleven years of abstinence, he only came back to snooker through a friend who invited him to a game in a regional league between two teams from Longsight and Salford . Since Spencer was decisive for the victory of the Longsight team, he decided to play regularly in various snooker tournaments from now on. He earned his money playing games in snooker halls, with Spencer developing his own method to avoid risking losses in these games. In 1964 he took part in the English Amateur Championship and qualified directly for the final. There he lost to Ray Reardon , an up and coming player from the South Wales Valleys . A year later Spencer was back in the final, but this time had to admit defeat to Pat Houlihan of London . In 1966, however, he won the final in the third attempt; against the Welsh Marcus Owen he was British champion. Then he was allowed to take part in the amateur world championship. At that time the tournament was still held as a round-robin tournament. Spencer only lost to Gary Owen , the brother of Marcus Owen, making him vice world amateur champion.

Then Spencer wanted to retire from snooker again, as he had argued with officials about the settlement of expenses as part of the amateur world championship. Since professional snooker was still unprofitable, a professional career was out of the question for him anyway. As a snooker player, he should have earned the money by performing in smaller snooker halls and the like. Just after his return from the amateur world championship, Spencer received offers for long-term engagements as a snooker player from both the National Spastic Society and the amusement park company Pontins for their Blackpool office . Thus Spencer decided against his planned retreat. At the same time the company John Player was planning a new edition of the professional snooker world championship . Spencer wanted to participate, which is why he took out a loan from a local bank. So he became a professional player in 1967, according to other sources in 1968. Around the same time as him, Ray Reardon and Gary Owen also became professional players. These three players were the first new professional players since 1951. Their debut on the professional tour is now considered a starting point for the comeback of snooker.

The 1970s: Spencer's Successful Years

At the 1969 World Snooker Championship , the first knockout event in years, Spencer defeated defending champion John Pulman in his first professional game . With another win over Rex Williams Spencer reached the World Cup final, where he was world champion against Gary Owen. He then moved into the final at Pot Black , but lost to Ray Reardon . Spencer quickly rose to become one of the leading snooker players of the time, winning tournaments on a regular basis. Reardon developed into his worst competitor. The public assumed a close friendly relationship between the two, which both Spencer and Reardon later denied. While Spencer defeated Reardon at Pot Black in 1970 , Reardon won on the way to his first world title in the semifinals of the 1970 World Cup . At the 1971 World Cup , Spencer got his revenge before he became world champion for the second time against Warren Simpson in the final. This title was one of three tournament victories in four finals this season , the only defeat he suffered against Ray Reardon at Park Drive 600 . Also in the next season he was in four finals, but he only won one smaller tournament. In addition to a defeat against Reardon, this time he lost twice to Alex Higgins , who prevailed against Spencer in the World Cup final . Higgins was seen as the rising star of the snooker world, while Spencer played the World Cup final with a virus infection that he contracted while touring Canada . On this tour he met Cliff Thorburn , who then became a professional player and trained with Spencer in Bolton for a short time .

The rather smaller tournaments like the Pot Black , the Pontins Professional or the Ireland Tournament / Irish Masters became Spencer's domain in the following years. He often reached the final at such tournaments, and he regularly won it. The Pot Black was a televised tournament that played a significant role in popularizing snooker again. Spencer, as a top player in the field of participants, also enjoyed great popularity and thus also played a part in making snooker more popular again. With the Masters in 1975 he also won the first edition of a tournament that was to become one of the three most important snooker tournaments , alongside the World Snooker Championship and the UK Championship . Since Spencer could never win the latter tournament, he is not considered a member of the so-called Triple Crown . From the 1970s to the 1980s, Spencer was also a regular participant in the Pontins Spring Open , which was an important amateur tournament but also allowed professional players to participate. In the 1974 edition , he also moved into the final, but lost to Doug Mountjoy . At the snooker world championship, however, he had to admit defeat before the final in the following years. At the time, Spencer was managed by Maurice Hayes , but shortly afterwards, he and Del Simmons founded their own management company called the International Snooker Agency .

John Spencer's ranking positions

In the mid-1970s, all in all, Spencer failed to realize its potential, which was also due to the fact that his long-term cue was destroyed in a car accident in 1974. That influenced his style of play considerably. The cue could be repaired, but Spencer felt more and more uncomfortable with his old play equipment. Only after switching to a new cue, which was one of the first cues that professional players could dismantle in half, did its shape improve again: At the 1977 World Cup , the first in the Crucible Theater , it moved back into the World Cup final, where he became world champion for the third time with a win over Cliff Thorburn . This success took him to second place in the newly introduced snooker world ranking , which in its first few years was only calculated from the results of the world championship. The following two seasons went back to the old pattern: mediocre results at the World Cup, several finals in smaller tournaments. At one such tournament, the Holsten Lager International 1979, he played a maximum break . It would have been the first officially recognized maximum break at a professional tournament, but this recognition did not materialize because the pockets of the snooker table were larger than allowed. In addition, it could have been the first televised 147 break if the television technicians hadn't just taken their break. Furthermore, Spencer was unlucky with a possible additional bonus, because the tournament was one of the few tournaments at that time without an extra bonus for a maximum break. Ironically, three years later, Spencer would be the opponent of Steve Davis , whose maximum break at the 1982 Classic would set all those historic brands. Spencer himself felt his bad luck was fate . In the world rankings, he was ranked fourth for two seasons in a row.

Years in the extended world elite and end of career

The first seasons in the 1980s were basically similar to Spencer's previous results: he was often able to do well in smaller tournaments that were irrelevant to the world rankings, but then dropped out early in tournaments that had an impact on the world rankings. In addition to the snooker world championship, other tournaments also received such influence from the early 1980s. Until mid-1984 he lost in all ranking tournaments in the round of 16, only at the International Open 1983 it was enough for the quarter-finals. As a result, he was only just barely in the top 16 of the world rankings during this time. However, he celebrated successes in 1979 and 1981, when he was able to reach the final of the World Challenge Cup and the World Team Classics as a member of the English team .

After that, however, his results continued to deteriorate and Spencer was regularly eliminated early in ranking tournaments. Participation in the round of 16 became a rarity for him in ranked tournaments; his best result during this time was a quarter-finals at the 1987 British Open . He was rarely invited to other tournaments, although he was only able to reach the final at the 1985 Pontins Professional . By mid-1990 it had slipped to 55th place in the world rankings. The reason for its gradual deterioration was the outbreak of the disease myasthenia gravis , which was initially noticeable in Spencer in the form of diplopia . This double vision made it difficult for him to play. He was diagnosed with the disease in 1985 after the onset of diplopia. The treatment was with steroids , but Spencer was depressed . In the following seasons Spencer could hardly keep up with his competitors and lost almost every game. In mid-1992 he retired from active professional snooker. Crashed to 297th place, he officially lost his professional status in mid-1994.

Further life

During his professional career, Spencer owned two snooker halls in Bolton . In the last few years of his active career, he also worked as a television commentator for the BBC . He was also a consultant for a snooker website on the Internet. He was also a long-time member of the board of the World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association . Between 1990 and 1996 he was chairman of the association. His tenure continued to suffer from the side effects of steroid treatment. 1997 Spencer was invited as the top player of the past to Seniors Pot Black , where he lost his opening game against Dennis Taylor . During his playing career, he had already been invited to the 1991 World Seniors Championship , where he had also lost his opening game. In 2002, after several decades of abstinence, he took part again in the English Amateur Championship, but dropped out very early. In 2003 Spencer was diagnosed with stomach and lung cancer. Although treatment would still have been possible, he decided not to continue treatment in 2005. This significantly shortened his life expectancy, but Spencer justified his step by stating that he did not want to spend the last phase of his life under the impression of the side effects of the treatment. In the following time he continued his commitment to the Myasthenia Gravis Association , which had already started a few years earlier , and collected donations for these, including a parachute jump in 2005. In the same year he visited the Crucible Theater for the last time . He also wrote and published his autobiography after he had already written the textbook Spencer on Snooker during his active career , which appeared a few years later in an expanded version and with a different title.

In mid-July 2006, Spencer died in a hospice at the age of 70 . While the New York Times and the author Hugo Kastner named Bolton as the place of death , the Independent gave nearby Bury . Eurosport , the Manchester Evening News and the Bury Times , on the other hand, named his birthplace Radcliffe and the local Bury Hospice . Radcliffe, also in Greater Manchester , was also Spencer's place of residence. He left behind his partner and his wife, who was divorced from him. After getting married in the late 1960s, the couple divorced in the mid-1980s. After that, however, it maintained a friendly relationship. Spencer's burial took place in a crematorium in Bolton. Mourners included numerous snooker players and personalities, including Peter Ebdon , Tony Knowles and Len Ganley .

The New York Times called Spencer "one of the first celebrities in snooker" in its obituary. As a snooker player, he drew attention to himself with “his neat manner, his dry sense of humor and his charming demeanor”. The Independent wrote an obituary for "one of the greatest representatives of snooker of all time as well as a legendary prankster and pragmatic joker". Because Spencer had been known for his jokes during his career. Dean P. Hayes concluded in 2004 that Spencer found the game of snooker in itself fun. Clive Everton wrote about the death of a "legend" for the BBC . The then chairman of the WPBSA , Rodney Walker , highlighted his "wonderful style of play and charismatic personality" which would have helped to draw more attention to the sport of snooker. His long-time rival Ray Reardon described Spencer as a "great player" and Ray Edmonds as "the professional player of the professional players ".

During his lifetime Spencer received two Snooker Writers Association Awards , 1990 in the Services to Snooker category , and 2005 in the Special Award category . He was posthumously inducted into the Snooker Hall of Fame in 2011 as one of the first players . In 2018, the World Seniors Masters trophy was named after him.

Style of play

Spencer was a pioneer in the field of returns, a type of push that he perfected. You play the cue ball as far down as possible, so that it runs back again after contact with an object ball. Generally speaking, Spencer was known for his cue ball control in the snooker world. Spencer was also one of the first players to play with a cue that could be split into two parts. Previously, Spencer had also used a cue made from just one piece of wood, but it was destroyed in that car accident in 1974. This change clearly influenced Spencer's style of play. While the Englishman had previously played quite self-confidently and assertively, his style of play was then characterized by concentration, perseverance, tactical acumen and his experience. In the eyes of the New York Times , his old style of play, along with his polite, elegant demeanor, played a part in making snooker make its comeback. In addition, Spencer was able to play long balls and often used his cue with comparative force. Playing with the auxiliary cues was one of Spencer's weaknesses. Later, his diplopia made it difficult for him to play.

John Virgo also wrote in his autobiography that he assumes that Spencer lost the English Amateur Championship in 1965 only because of a lack of self-confidence, because his game was actually much better than his opponent Pat Houlihan . Virgo goes on to say that in 1966 it was "a pleasure" to watch Spencer. Spencer's style of play was the "forerunner of modern snooker" and he had "tried to make the game more interesting for the audience to play". According to Virgo, Spencer had a lasting positive effect on snooker players in the Manchester area .

successes

→ Main article : John Spencer (snooker player) / Achievements

Spencer was able to win at least 27 tournaments with at least 48 finals in his career. While a list of all known successes is on this page , the following table lists all finals in tournaments of the Triple Crown .

Result	year	competition	Opponent in the final	Final score
winner	1969	World Snooker Championship	Gary Owen	46:27
winner	1971 1	World Snooker Championship	Warren Simpson	37:29
finalist	1972	World Snooker Championship	Alex Higgins	32:37
winner	1975	Masters	Ray Reardon	9: 8
winner	1977	World Snooker Championship	Cliff Thorburn	25:21

¹ Already held in the fall of 1970.

Publications

• John Spencer: Spencer on Snooker . Cassel & Co., London 1973, ISBN 0-304-93898-X .
• John Spencer: Snooker . Ed .: Clive Everton . Teach Yourself Books, Sevenoaks 1986, ISBN 0-340-39366-1 .
• John Spencer: Out of the Blue Into the Black . Parrs Wood Press, Manchester 2005, ISBN 978-1-903158-63-0 .

Web links

Commons : John Spencer  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• John Spencer at CueTracker
• John Spencer in the Snooker Database (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} John Spencer. In: wst.tv. WPBSA , accessed April 5, 2021 .  
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Douglas Martin: John Spencer, 71, Dies; Helped Popularize Snooker. The New York Times , July 16, 2006, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Ron Florax: Career Total Statistics For John Spencer - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Ron Florax: Ranking History For John Spencer. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} Clive Everton : John Spencer. The Guardian , July 13, 2006, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
6. ↑ ^{a b c d} Dean P. Hayes: Snooker Legends - And Where Are They Now? 3. Edition. Sutton Publishing, Chalford 2004, ISBN 978-0-7509-3233-2 , pp. 69-73 .
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} John Spencer. Pro Snooker Blog, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
8. ^ ^{A b} Bill Allen: All cued up for a glittering career. The Bolton News, October 13, 2005, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
9. ↑ John Virgo , Douglas Wight: Say Goodnight, JV . My autobiography. John Blake Publishing, London 2017, ISBN 978-1-78606-444-8 , pp.  95 .
10. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1963-1964 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
11. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1964-1965 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
12. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1965-1966 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
13. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1966-1967 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
14. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Chris Turner: Player Profile: John Spencer. (No longer available online.) Chris Turner's Snooker Archive, 2009, archived from the original on January 12, 2012 ; accessed on April 5, 2021 .  
15. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1968-1969 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
16. ↑ ^{a b c d} Trevor Baxter: John Spencer. The Independent , April 1, 2009, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
17. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1969-1970 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
18. ↑ ^{a b} Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1970-1971 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
19. ↑ Dean P. Hayes: Snooker Legends - And Where Are They Now? 3. Edition. Sutton Publishing, Chalford 2004, ISBN 978-0-7509-3233-2 , pp. 82-84 .
20. ↑ John Virgo , Douglas Wight: Say Goodnight, JV . My autobiography. John Blake Publishing, London 2017, ISBN 978-1-78606-444-8 , pp.  93 .
21. ↑ ^{a b c d} Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1971-1972 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1972-1973 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1973-1974 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1974-1975 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1975-1976 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1976-1977 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
     
     
     
     
     
22. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1973-1974 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1974-1975 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1975-1976 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1976-1977 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1977-1978 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1978-1979 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1979-1980 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1984-1985 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1985-1986 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
23. ↑ Alex Higgins , Sean Boru: From the Eye of the Hurricane . My story. Headline Publishing Group, London 2007, ISBN 978-0-7553-1661-8 , pp.  105 .
24. ↑ Alex Higgins , Sean Boru: From the Eye of the Hurricane . My story. Headline Publishing Group, London 2007, ISBN 978-0-7553-1661-8 , pp.  112 .
25. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1977-1978 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1978-1979 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
     
26. ↑ ^{a b c} Hugo Kastner: John Spencer. (PDF) Hugo Kastner, January 2010, accessed on April 6, 2021 (English, excerpt from Kastner's book “SNOOKER - Players, Rules & Records” on his website).  
27. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1979-1980 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1980-1981 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1981-1982 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1982-1983 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1983-1984 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
     
     
     
     
28. ↑ Chris Turner: World Cup / World Team Classic / Nations Cup - Team Events. (No longer available online.) Chris Turner's Snooker Archive, 2011, archived from the original on February 16, 2012 ; accessed on April 5, 2021 .  
29. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1984-1985 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1985-1986 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1986-1987 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1987-1988 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1988-1989 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1989-1990 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
     
     
     
     
     
30. ↑ ^{a b} Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1990-1991 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1991-1992 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 . Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1992-1993 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
     
     
31. ↑ ^{a b} Snooker legend John loses cancer fight. Bury Times, July 13, 2006, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
32. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 1996-1997 - Professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 2, 2021 .  
33. ↑ Ron Florax: John Spencer - Season 2001-2002 - Non-professional Results. CueTracker.net, accessed April 1, 2021 .  
34. ^ Gary Clarke: A Billiards & Snooker Compendium . Paragon Publishing, Rothersthorpe 2008, ISBN 978-1-899820-46-7 , pp. 61 .
35. ^ Gary Clarke: A Billiards & Snooker Compendium . Paragon Publishing, Rothersthorpe 2008, ISBN 978-1-899820-46-7 , pp. 68 f .
36. ^ Profiles: John Spencer. Eurosport , February 25, 2010, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
37. ↑ ^{a b} Goodbye to a snooker legend. Manchester Evening News , July 20, 2006, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
38. ^ Former snooker ace on cue to good health. Lancashire Telegraph, November 28, 1996, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
39. ↑ Clive Everton : Snooker loses a legend. BBC Sport , July 12, 2006, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
40. ↑ Chris Turner: Snooker Awards. (No longer available online.) Chris Turner's Snooker Archive, 2011, archived from the original on February 7, 2012 ; accessed on April 5, 2021 .  
41. ↑ World Seniors Update: Masters Trophy To Be Named After John Spencer. WPBSA , February 26, 2018, accessed April 6, 2021 .  
42. ^ Clive Everton : Snooker & Billiards . 2nd Edition. The Crowood Press, Marlborough 2014, ISBN 978-1-84797-792-2 , pp.  44 .
43. ↑ John Virgo , Douglas Wight: Say Goodnight, JV . My autobiography. John Blake Publishing, London 2017, ISBN 978-1-78606-444-8 , pp.  77 f .

This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on June 8, 2021 .