Joseph Arneth

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Signature of Joseph Arneth (1918)

Joseph Arneth (born October 13, 1873 in Burgkunstadt ; † November 16, 1955 in Münster ) was a German medic. He was best known as an internist through his research in hematology . His published books and research results have been received critically in some cases. Nevertheless, Arneth is considered one of the pioneers of German hematology.

Life

Birthplace of Joseph Arneth, today Marktplatz 4
(photo from January 2015)

Joseph Arneth was born on October 13, 1873 in Burgkunstadt as the son of Josef Arneth and his wife Elisabeth, née Gahn († July 29, 1915), in Burgkunstadt, house number 222, and baptized Catholic.

After graduating from the New Gymnasium in Bamberg in 1892, Arneth studied medicine at the universities of Munich , Heidelberg and Würzburg and successfully completed his studies at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg in the winter semester of 1896/1897 . During his studies he suspended the winter semester of 1894/1985 and served as a volunteer / medical intern from October 1, 1894 to March 30, 1895 in the Bavarian Army . After completing his studies, Arneth worked from April 1, 1897 to December 31, 1897 as a volunteer doctor in the Bavarian army. On January 1, 1898 he was promoted to assistant doctor and in the spring of 1898 transferred to the Royal Bavarian 4th Infantry Regiment "King Wilhelm of Württemberg" , which was stationed in the fortress of Metz . Arneth worked with this regiment for over a year until the spring of 1899.

At the age of 27, Arneth came to the University Clinic in Würzburg as an assistant in 1899 or 1900, where he also worked at the Juliusspital . In 1904 Arneth was able to complete his habilitation in his specialty internal medicine in Würzburg . In 1907 he accepted a position as an honorary professor at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster , moved to Piusallee 21 and taught propaedeutic medicine . At the same time as his work at the University of Münster, Arneth was entrusted with the management of the internal clinic of the municipal Clemens Hospital in Münster on August 1, 1907 . Until 1944 Arneth continued his work as a university professor.

Around 1908 Arneth married Else Kock and had three daughters with her in the following years: Clara (born January 24, 1910), Elisabeth (born December 3, 1912) and Margaretha (born November 10, 1914).

On April 22, 1912, Arneth rejoined the Bavarian army and served as a medical officer. On August 3, 1914, he was transferred to the 3rd Bavarian field hospital and served as a medical officer in various field hospitals throughout the First World War. On November 24, 1918, Arneth was released from the army in Münster.

Joseph Arneth died on November 16, 1955 in Münster at the age of 82.

Medical research

Josef Arneth was an active researcher , particularly in the field of hematology, and published several books on diseases of the blood and tuberculosis . However, his theoretical work on medical research was often heavily criticized and found little acceptance. Nevertheless, Arneth is considered one of the pioneers of German hematology.

Concrete research:

  • Josef Arneth defined, among other things, five groups of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in human blood. According to him, this represented a valuable approach to determining and classifying bone marrow reactions to infections .
  • In medicine, the so - called left shift of the blood count in favor of immature neutrophil leukocytes is also referred to as Arneth's blood count . This term, like the division of the granulopoietic maturation series developed by Arneth, is no longer in common use today.

Honors

  • 1905:?
  • 1914:? 1st Class
  • November 30, 1914: Order of Military Merit 2nd class with swords
  • March 22, 1915: Cross of Honor 2nd Class
  • 1953: Awarded the title of Dr. med. hc from the Medical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster
  • 1953: Great Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
  • 1972: A street in Münster is named Arnethstraße
  • around 1970: Name of a street in Burgkunstadt in Professor-Arneth-Straße

Works

Josef Arneth published a total of more than 100 writings and eleven scientific books, including:

  • The neutrophil white blood cells in infectious diseases . Fischer, Jena 1904.
  • Diagnosis and therapy of anemia . Stuber, Würzburg 1907.
  • Guide to percussion and auscultation for beginners . Fischer, Leipzig 1920.
  • 1914–1918: War medicine experience in Bavaria. Field hospital No 42 . Klinckhardt, Leipzig 1920.
  • Guide to percussion and auscultations . Fischer, Jena 1933.
  • Qualitative blood doctrine and blood diseases including the conditions of the platelets . Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig, 2nd edition 1942.
  • Collected qualitative-haematological studies 1936–1944. 50 individual works . Leipzig 1944.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h War master rolls 1914–1918: Volume 19656, war ranking volume 4, Bavarian Main State Archives Munich, Department IV War Archives, p. 36.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f War log rolls 1914–1918: Volume 19971, war ranking list and war log roll, Bavarian Main State Archive Munich, Department IV War Archive, p. 160.
  3. ↑ Eugen Brand: The first 25 years of the new grammar school Bamberg: (1890-1915) . Gärtner, Bamberg 1915, p. 24 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b c d e Josef Arneth - Biography , whonamedit.com, accessed on January 16, 2017 (English).
  5. ↑ a b Street names in Münster - Arnethstraße , stadt-muenster.de, accessed on January 16, 2017.
personal data
SURNAME Arneth, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH October 13, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Burgkunstadt
DATE OF DEATH November 16, 1955
Place of death Muenster