Burgkunstadt
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 8 ' N , 11 ° 15' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Upper Franconia | |
| County : | Lichtenfels | |
| Height : | 304 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 40.59 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 6446 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 159 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 96224 | |
| Primaries : | 09572, 09229 | |
| License plate : | LIF, STE | |
| Community key : | 09 4 78 116 | |
| City structure: | 19 parts of the community | |
City administration address : |
Vogtei 5 96224 Burgkunstadt |
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| Website : | ||
| First Mayor : | Christine Frieß ( CSU ) | |
| Location of the town of Burgkunstadt in the Lichtenfels district | ||
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Burgkunstadt is a town in the Upper Mainland in the Upper Franconian district of Lichtenfels ( Bavaria ). From 1888 to 1990 it was the center of the German shoe industry with Pirmasens .
geography
Geographical location
The city center is about one kilometer north of the Main , between Lichtenfels and Kulmbach . The upper town is elevated on a rocky outcrop made of sandstone, the lower town extends mainly along the now largely built-up Mühlbach . There are also some new development areas. The highest point in the urban area is 517.2 m above sea level. NN represents the Spitzberg near gartenroth .
climate
Burgkunstadt has a humid, cool, moderate transitional climate that is neither very continental nor very maritime. The monthly average temperatures fluctuate between −0.7 ° C in January and 17.9 ° C in July, but occasionally significantly warmer and colder peaks are recorded. The average annual temperature is 8.8 ° C, the total annual precipitation is 648.6 mm.
Expansion of the urban area
The area of the urban area is 40.5887 km². 12.3041 km² are covered by forest, 22.1815 km² are used for agriculture and 0.5626 km² are bodies of water. The remainder with 5.451 km² is the built-up area and the road network, 0.1074 km² is used as a recreational area.
The total extension of the urban area in east-west direction, i.e. from Neuses to Gärtenroth, is about 11.2 kilometers; from Spitzberg to Mainbrücke, i.e. in a north-south direction around 6.6 kilometers. The east-west extension of the core city is around 2.3 kilometers. In the west, the city merges into the Weidnitz district . To the east are the Lerchenbühl development area and the cemetery. The next village is Theisau . The north-south extension of the core city is around 1.4 kilometers. In the south are the former Obermain and Püls shoe factories, which are now used as business and storage rooms, the train station and various shops and businesses. The municipality of Altenkunstadt is on the other side of the Main . In the north, the city borders on the Meuselsberg municipality .
Neighboring communities
| Redwitz an der Rodach , Marktzeuln | Küps | |
| Hochstadt am Main |
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Mainleus |
| Altenkunstadt |
City structure
- Burgkunstadt with Meuselsberg and Kaltenreuth
- Mainroth
- Theisau with Mainklein
- Weidnitz
- Ebneth with grove pond and Pfaffeggetten
- Gartenroth with Wildenroth, Lopphof , Eben, Flurholz and Neue Weiher
- Little church with Reuth and Hainzendorf
- Neuses am Main
Distribution of residents
The table shows the population of the town of Burgkunstadt from 2005 to 2013 (excluding secondary residences).
| 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burgkunstadt | 4263 | 4231 | 4166 | 4133 | 4083 | 4073 | 4018 | 3984 | 3932 |
| Weidnitz | 714 | 719 | 709 | 702 | 733 | 730 | 722 | 731 | 720 |
| Mainroth | 552 | 541 | 541 | 540 | 534 | 514 | 526 | 519 | 501 |
| Theisau | 271 | 272 | 267 | 260 | 249 | 238 | 241 | 238 | 238 |
| Gardens red | 235 | 250 | 237 | 231 | 215 | 219 | 219 | 221 | 216 |
| News | 219 | 225 | 221 | 216 | 218 | 217 | 209 | 198 | 196 |
| Little church | 201 | 206 | 213 | 199 | 195 | 192 | 188 | 189 | 182 |
| Mainklein | 146 | 142 | 143 | 145 | 138 | 143 | 146 | 144 | 142 |
| Ebneth | 93 | 95 | 98 | 88 | 84 | 82 | 81 | 79 | 79 |
| Grove pond | 70 | 67 | 66 | 65 | 64 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 59 |
| Wildenroth | 38 | 39 | 41 | 36 | 40 | 35 | 35 | 40 | 42 |
| Hainzendorf | 36 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 29 | 29 | 27 |
| Just | 22nd | 21st | 23 | 19th | 22nd | 27 | 20th | 20th | 29 |
| Reuth | 23 | 22nd | 22nd | 21st | 27 | 21st | 20th | 20th | 19th |
| Floor wood | 21st | 21st | 20th | 19th | 20th | 21st | 20th | 21st | 21st |
| Meuselsberg | 17th | 17th | 17th | 17th | 16 | 14th | 14th | 16 | 16 |
| Kaltenreuth | 16 | 18th | 17th | 17th | 18th | 16 | 15th | 13 | 15th |
| Lopphof | 9 | 8th | 8th | 9 | 8th | 8th | 7th | 7th | 7th |
| Pfaffeggetten | 5 | 5 | 4th | 4th | 5 | 7th | 7th | 5 | 3 |
| New ponds | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| total | 6954 | 6934 | 6848 | 6756 | 6704 | 6653 | 6581 | 6538 | 6445 |
history
City history
8th century to 1058, first beginnings of settlement
It is unclear when the area of today's town of Burgkunstadt was first settled. The first written information about the settlement of the area comes from 741 AD, whereby an earlier settlement is not excluded. Ceramic finds in the upper town suggest a Slavic settlement in the 8th century as the first larger settlement. Located in the center of trade routes and the navigable Main, Burgkunstadt soon enjoyed great importance as a trading town.
Between 827 and 851 AD, a "villa kunestadt" was mentioned for the first time in a document of a donation from Countess Blitrud to the Fulda monastery , which points to a governor / city ruler named Kunibert. However, it is unclear whether it was Burgkunstadt or Altenkunstadt.
As early as 830 AD there was an extensive, approximately 5000 m² castle complex in Burgkunstadt of great military importance with an extensive rulership area. At that time there was already a small settlement at the foot of the mountain. During the Carolingian era , there was only one comparable fortress in the whole of Upper Franconia, Bamberg Castle .
1059–1429 Development into a municipal town
The first documented mention of Burgkunstadt comes from April 13, 1059. There an Aepelin de Counstat is mentioned, who is probably identical with the Burgrave Adalbert von Constat .
Around 1160 the castle complex was a Hohenstaufen imperial castle , which was mainly used by Friedrich Barbarossa as a meeting point and recruiting point for his Italian campaigns . In 1160, however , the castrum cunstat was handed over to Bishop Eberhard II of Bamberg , who mainly used it to secure trade routes. At that time, Burgkunstadt already had some unspecified privileges .
The first documentary confirmation of the town elevation of Burgkunstadt can be found in the oldest Bamberg bishopric from 1323 or 1327. Some later sources indicate that the town was a high-priest municipal town with certain town charter around 100 years earlier .
Prince Bishop Friedrich of Bamberg of the city with the approval of the cathedral dean and the chapter on 27 April 1426 gave all goods, producers and feud in the city denunciation, which until then fief were when city law. As a result, the urban land was freely owned and no longer a fiefdom for which taxes had to be paid. In return, the prince-bishop demanded in 1441 that the city should serve as a fortress.
War 1430–1649
The two centuries between 1430 and 1649 were very war-torn years for Burgkunstadt. In 1430 the Hussites plundered the lower town of Burgkunstadt. 30 years later, in a guerrilla war between the Hohenzollern margrave Albrecht Achilles of Ansbach-Bayreuth and the Bamberg prince-bishop Georg I, the upper town was devastated in June 1460.
In 1517 the Burgkunstadter took over the teaching of Martin Luther and remained Protestant until the end of the century. Despite the Counter-Reformation in 1598, confessional confusion remained until 1624, as the Bamberg bishops demanded a return to the Catholic faith, while the Burgkunstadter margraves demanded that their subjects retain the Protestant denomination.
In the Peasants' War of 1525, the Burgkunstadt citizens supported the peasants and plundered and destroyed several monasteries and castles in the course of the war. In Burgkunstadt, the Altenburg and the Old Castle were destroyed, which is what the legend of the Golden Cradle is about. Since Burgkunstadt refused to surrender in June 1525, the bishopric ordered the town to be plundered and the rebels to be killed, whereupon the town surrendered. As punishment, several executions were carried out and fines were imposed.
During the Second Margrave War , the city was attacked and occupied by Albrecht Alcibiades in October 1553 . When he left the city, he set the upper town on fire, so that almost all the houses burned down.
The plague broke out again in Burgkunstadt in 1312, 1348, 1448, 1473 and 1626. In that year 195 Burgkunstadter died of the disease, which made up about a third of the population at the time. The dead were buried in two mass graves near the cemetery.
The Thirty Years War :
During the Thirty Years' War , the Burgkunstadter councilors handed the town over to the margravial troops in March 1632. Only a few days or weeks later, however, the margravial army left the city again.
From 1632 onwards several, sometimes devastating, attacks and raids by the Swedes on Burgkunstadt took place. Two stones of atonement have survived from this period, one of which could have come from the Thirty Years' War. After the Swedes occupied Burgkunstadt for a year and five months, they withdrew completely unexpectedly. After countless devastation and the resulting immense property and financial damage, the Swedish war system in and around Burgkunstadt ended in 1635.
With the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the Thirty Years War came to an end. At the end of the war, an inventory of the remaining workhorses was carried out. Although this turned out to be positive for most households, the general living situation of the people in Burgkunstadt was mostly devastating. Above all, there was a lack of apartments and food. Many citizens also died in the city during the plague epidemics.
1650–1887 From the agricultural town to the beginning of industrialization
The beer wars began in 1666. These were to countless, mostly armed feuds to about 1,880, with which the Burgkunstadter to them granted brewing rights would prevail in their district. In 1668 an agreement stipulated exactly which villages Burgkunstadt was allowed to supply with beer. The bloody climax of the beer wars came in July 1783 when the people of Neuses did not get their parish fair beer from Burgkunstadt.
In 1689, Mayor Moritzen Stahl commissioned Hans Gebelin and the most important master of Franconian half-timbered construction at the time , carpenter Jörg Hofmann from Zeil am Main , to convert the former keep of the castle into a town hall. Started in October 1689, the renovation and expansion could be completed after only seven months.
During the Seven Years' War , Prussian voluntary corps invaded the city twice and took up quarters there once. The destruction and looting of the city could, however, be prevented.
In the course of secularization , the Prince-Bishop Christoph Franz von Buseck was forced to resign and the Bamberg Monastery became a Bavarian province in 1802/1803. This ended Burgkunstadt's affiliation with Bamberg.
In the spring of 1812 the ruins of the collapsed Catholic church were removed. After 26 years of construction, the new Catholic church was completed with the collaboration of well-known artists.
With the construction of the Burgkunstadt - Kulmbach railway line and its opening on February 15, 1846, an important step towards industrialization was taken. However, the opinions of the population about the railway line were very different. Industrialization in Burgkunstadt began with the installation of a five-horsepower steam boiler system in Eduard Lindner's vinegar and mustard factory in 1862. At that time, Lindner's step was extremely daring and actually ahead of the times.
The first telegraph Morse code line from Burgkunstadt to Weismain was built in 1877.
1888–1914 industrialization of Burgkunstadt up to the First World War
On January 1, 1888, the then 25-year-old Joseph Weiermann started machine shoe production. This was the beginning of the industrialization of Burgkunstadt with a focus on the shoe industry. The large number of cobblers, tanners and leather processing companies at this time favored their development. On the part of politics, however, Weihermann's industrial shoe production caused displeasure, as it was feared that it might bring “ socialist elements” to Burgkunstadt. However, this did not come true.
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Due to the enormous success of the Weihermann shoe factory, numerous smaller and larger shoe factories were founded in the following years and decades.
In 1895 the city gave the dilapidated Altenburg to the Wagner charity foundations in Dillingen for demolition. After the demolition, the foundation built what is now the front of the institution. The opening ceremony of the home for “feeble-minded” and needy women took place on November 27th of the same year.
On August 5, 1898, 13 employees from various shoe factories founded a shoemaker's union . Despite considerable personal risks, such as losing their jobs, the union members represented the interests of the then around 120 workers in the Burgkunstadter shoe factories.
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On October 16, 1899, Burgkunstadt was connected to the telephone network, and from 1905 there was also electric light.
The wooden Main Bridge was torn away by a flood in 1903 and rebuilt shortly afterwards as an iron structure with concrete barbs.
In 1913 the state motor mail line Burgkunstadt-Weismain went into operation. The post bus also served as a means of public transport . Due to the First World War and the lack of fuel, the carriage was used again for mail transport a year later.
1914–1933 From World War I to the economic crisis
When the First World War began in August 1914, 881 of the 1,446 German shoe factories were shut down. The Burgkunstadter factories, which from then on mainly produced military shoes, were among the remaining ones. The St.-Josefs-Anstalt was converted into a military hospital, which accommodated almost 1,000 wounded soldiers during the five years of the war. A total of 9 bells from the different churches in today's urban area were melted down for weapons production. 64 Burgkunstadter soldiers died in the war, seven were missing and never returned home.
From 1921 the city received a central water supply . The effects of inflation from 1922 to 1923 were also clearly felt in Burgkunstadt. Although none of the large local companies went bankrupt , wages were paid weekly, otherwise inflationary wages would not have been possible for the workers.
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In 1925, the centuries-long night watchman tradition in Burgkunstadt came to an end. After the last permanent night watchman died in 1923, this service was taken over on a voluntary basis by various Burgkunstadtern in the following two years until June 1925.
There has been a garbage disposal in Burgkunstadt since February 1930. After the inflation, the economic crisis, also in 1930, was the next catastrophe for the domestic industry, which in addition to short-time work also resulted in layoffs.
1933–1945 National Socialism and World War II
The seizure of power by Hitler also led to far-reaching political and social changes in Burgkunstadt. One of the first was the appointment of the dentist and NSDAP politician Leo Feuersinger as mayor and the replacement of the city council by a “city ordinance” made up of ten NSDAP parliamentary groups.
During the boycott of the Jews on April 1st , some shops belonging to Jewish businessmen in Burgkunstadt were looted and destroyed. In the following years, as in all of Germany, the Jews in Burgkunstadt were oppressed and harassed as often as possible. Due to anti-Jewish legislation, several Jewish businesses had to close, others were Aryanized or expropriated . The law for the prevention of genetically ill offspring affected most of the residents of St. Joseph's institution, who were "kept" in closed institutions from July. A high wire fence was built around the property.
On October 29, 1933, the foundation stone for the Protestant church was laid in Rangengasse. About two years later, on October 20, 1935, the church was consecrated with a large public participation.
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The outdoor swimming pool, a prestige object for the city and National Socialism, was opened on August 4, 1935. The outdoor pool was a major attraction not only for the city, but for the entire Lichtenfels district , as it was the only public pool outside of the Main .
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Today's primary school was inaugurated as the Fritz Wächtler School on October 30, 1938, after a little more than a year of construction . Until then, teaching was carried out in the former bailiwick for decades. In the last few years until 1938, classes were taught there in shifts due to lack of space, and the eighth grade was canceled.
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During the “ Reichskristallnacht ” from November 9th to 10th, 1938, the synagogue in the lower town was plundered and devastated. "For traffic-related reasons" the synagogue was completely demolished by the end of the year and replaced by a green area.
With the German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, the Second World War began . In contrast to the Franco-Prussian War and the First World War, the enthusiasm of the population was limited and only emerged from absolutely convinced National Socialists. “As part of civil air protection measures” , all schools in the Lichtenfels district were closed between September 1st and 11th .
The first aerial bombs fell by English planes on the night of August 27-28, 1940, northwest of the St. Joseph Institute.
The St. Joseph Institution was completely cleared in the early summer of 1941. Many residents were murdered in other homes and psychiatric hospitals; only a few were released home. The institution was converted into a National Socialist welfare home for mother and child .
On April 24, 1942, the last twelve Jews from Burgkunstadter , including five-year-old Hans-Peter Steinbock, first came by train to Bamberg and the next day via Nuremberg to Krasnyzin . They were taken to the Majdanek concentration camp in eastern Poland until April 28th . In the following days most of them were transported to the Belzec and Sobibor extermination camps , where they were murdered in the gas chambers in the summer of 1942 . This action ended the 700-year history of the Jewish community in Burgkunstadt.
As more and more workers from the local shoe factories had to go to the front, the jobs were filled by prisoners of war Russians, Lithuanians, Poles, French and Vlaslov soldiers .
From March 1945, the stream of refugees from Eastern European countries also increased. In addition, there were more and more unarmed, neglected soldiers. This made it increasingly clear that the war would soon end. In the course of the Nero order , all Main bridges in the area were blown up on April 10th. The Lichtenfelser Tagblatt appeared for the last time on April 10th, the power went out from April 11th, so that one could no longer hear the radio and was cut off from the outside world. In addition to this, the poor food supply led to numerous looting during this time.
On April 12, 1945, the American Panzerspitze reached Horb , whereupon Burgkunstadt surrendered that same evening. Resistance was only offered by a group of several armed forces soldiers, who were driven out by the Burgkunstadter population. In the days and weeks that followed, most of the Eastern workers, Vlasov soldiers and the evacuees from major German cities made their way home.
On May 8th at 11:01 p.m., almost four weeks after the surrender of Burgkunstadt, the Second World War ended with the unconditional surrender of the Wehrmacht. Including the new citizens (refugees, displaced persons, etc.), 242 Burgkunstadter soldiers died on the fronts. Many more were missing. Of the Jews who were born in Burgkunstadt or who had lived for a long time, 84 died in the labor and extermination camps.
1945–1964 From hardship to economic miracle
In the summer of 1945, the black market flourished , selling food as well as souvenirs from the Nazi era. The flow of refugees also increased again. From June 11th there was electricity again in the city, so that the local industry could partly start operations again, provided that enough workers were still available after the war, which was a serious problem for many companies. The St.-Josefs-Anstalt also took in disabled people in addition to refugees.
In the autumn of 1945, the machine factory Fischer, which had moved from Saarland during the war, built a new bridge over the Main from cannon barrels , thus enabling traffic between Burgkunstadt and Altenkunstadt again. After only nine years, the bridge was demolished in August 1954 and replaced by a modern reinforced concrete bridge.
From the summer of 1945, the Americans began to denazify Germany . In Burgkunstadt, some prison sentences and fines were imposed as part of this, and the city administration had to dismiss almost all civil servants and employees.
The extremely cold winter at the beginning of 1947 worsened the situation of the population in addition to the already inadequate food supply, as there was hardly any heating material available. As a result, the black market flourished again and significantly more was stolen than usual.
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In order to alleviate the housing shortage, houses and apartments were built all over the city, partly from public funds. The increasing traffic often caused long traffic jams in the lower town and there were a few fatal accidents despite the inner city location. This was remedied by a bypass road that was only two kilometers long (part of today's B 289 ).
In 1954, construction began on the multifunctional hall, which is now the city hall, designed for around 1000 people . In the years after its completion in 1956, the town hall developed into a cultural and social attraction for all of Upper Franconia.
1965–1990 From shoe town to school town
The development to the educational center of the western district of Lichtenfels began with the construction of the state middle school (today's Realschule ) on June 8, 1965, which was completed in September 1966. With the end of the denominational schools in 1970 a reorganization of the school system went hand in hand, in addition, the pupils from almost all neighboring villages started school in Burgkunstadt from 1970 at the latest. Due to the strong increase in the number of pupils, the elementary school was expanded by an extension.
The peak of the Burgkunstadter shoe industry was in the mid-1960s. Around 2,300 workers from more than 50 localities produced 12,000 pairs of shoes every day, including women's and men's shoes, as well as children's , oversized , ice skating and ski boots . At that time the city was given the nickname Franconian Pirmasens or Klein-Pirmasens .
In the course of the Bavarian municipal district reform , Weidnitz was the first municipality to be incorporated into Burgkunstadt on July 1, 1971. In the following years up to 1977 the other surrounding communities followed, which today belong to Burgkunstadt. Due to the increased size of the community, an extension to the town hall became necessary, which was completed in 1978 together with a general renovation.
In 1974 the Progymnasium with an integrated extension to the Realschule was completed. At this time the first shoe factories in Burgkunstadt closed due to excessive competition, especially from abroad.
Between 1963 and 1978, several archaeological excavations took place in the area of the former castle complex , some of which revealed finds of great scientific value, such as the Bamberg silver denarius .
The construction of a rescue center for the Red Cross and the volunteer fire brigade had already begun on a plot of land in Lichtenfelser Strasse in 1979, and was inaugurated on September 12, 1980.
After underground cables were laid in Burgkunstadt between 1978 and 1979, cable television was the first city in the district to receive cable TV on March 12, 1981 . The old town festival, which is still popular today, was held for the first time in 1982.
1983 saw the end of the shoe industry. The Obermain shoe factory was on the verge of collapse and the other shoe factories that remained were mostly downhill. Nevertheless, the 100th anniversary of the Burgkunstadter shoe industry was celebrated in 1988. At this time the planning phase of the shoemaker's museum began.
The school development of Burgkunstadt came to an end with the expansion of the Progymnasium to a full grammar school in 1990. Despite the positive balance from 1988 and the good product quality, the Obermain shoe factory was the last shoe factory in Burgkunstadt to cease production on March 31, 1990. The time of the Burgkunstadter shoe industry was finally over.
1990–2011 Rapid changes
Even before the dissolution of the GDR , Burgkunstadt entered into a town partnership with Ehrenfriedersdorf in Saxony , which was welcomed by both sides.
The shoemaker's museum was opened in March 1991. In order to better understand the early history of Burgkunstadter, several archaeological (emergency) excavations took place in the old town between 1995 and 2001. However, the excavation successes were very different here.
With financial support from the association founded in 1995, the city was able to completely refurbish or partially rebuild the outdoor pool from 1998 to 2000. The next major construction project, the Protestant parish hall with an attached open-air stage, was completed in spring 2000.
In 2003, the Bailiwick, built in the 14th century, was sold to the Friedrich-Baur-Stiftung for a symbolic price of one euro , and by summer 2006 it was renovated for over three million euros and expanded as a cultural center.
In January 2005, the grammar school and the secondary school were transferred to the Lichtenfels district, as the city could no longer take over the sponsorship for financial reasons. After long negotiations, the indoor swimming pool belonging to the schools was closed in February 2010. Changes also took place in the secondary school. For the 2007/2008 school year it was expanded to an open all-day school with the Geschwister-Gummi-Stiftung from Kulmbach as the sponsor.
On December 31, 2008, a large New Year's Eve celebration took place on the market square to mark the city's upcoming 950th anniversary. At the end of the anniversary year 2009 there was also a big New Year's Eve celebration on the market square.
In September 2009 the decision was made to enter into a town partnership with the Polish rural community of Gostynin over the next few years. In October of the same year, the town hall was able to reopen after two and a half years of renovation work.
Since the Kathi Baur hall with swimming pool is to be demolished, the construction of a new sports hall next to the already existing triple gym at the grammar school began in 2008. The new hall was completed in February 2010. Between autumn 2010 and summer 2011, the secondary school was extensively refurbished and renovated.
After several years of planning, the city of Burgkunstadt, five years after Altenkunstadt and Weismain, signed a town partnership with the Breton community of Quéven at a ceremony on May 5, 2011 . For Burgkunstadt, this represents the first international city partnership.
Legend
Today it has almost been forgotten that, according to the vernacular, Burgkunstadt was once the home of the giant Rübesam. In his book Heimat Franken: Collected Contributions to Art, History, Folklore and Monument Preservation in Franconia , Ernst Eichhorn quoted the once very popular children's poem: “Children of Kunostadt - eat your fill quickly. Sleep calmly and tame - otherwise the giant turnip will come ”. After the poem was transmitted almost exclusively orally, it has almost completely disappeared from popular memory today.
Religions
The population of Burgkunstadt by religious affiliation (with secondary residences) from 2005 to 2013.
| religion | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 3793 | 3779 | 3716 | 3639 | 3583 | 3540 | 3302 | 3271 | 3199 |
| Evangelical | 2734 | 2745 | 2695 | 2670 | 2652 | 2657 | 2543 | 2497 | 2475 |
| Non-believing or non-believing | 687 | 688 | 729 | 731 | 762 | 752 | 736 | 770 | 771 |
| total | 7214 | 7212 | 7140 | 7040 | 6997 | 6949 | 6581 | 6538 | 6445 |
Incorporations
The following seven formerly independent municipalities belong to the urban area, mostly also with their districts:
- Weidnitz
- On July 1, 1971, Weidnitz was the first community to join the city of Burgkunstadt. On June 30, 1971, numerous citizens, several local politicians and the then mayors Pfadenhauer (Burgkunstadt) and Mader (Weidnitz) gathered at the then local border, where the two mayors cut a ribbon stretched across the street that symbolized the unification.
- Neuses am Main
- On April 1, 1972, the second municipality of Neuses am Main was joined by Burgkunstadt. Obristfeld , which then belonged to Neuses , was incorporated into Redwitz .
- Ebneth with grove pond and Pfaffeggetten
- On the sidelines of the state and local elections in 1974, Ebneth and his two districts voted with 107 votes in favor and 17 against, for the incorporation, which took place on January 1, 1975 and was celebrated on April 12, 1975 with a ceremony in what was then the Lindenzweig inn in Ebneth .
- Mainroth
- After the Mainroth municipal council had already voted 7: 4 on August 28, 1975 for incorporation into Burgkunstadt, but the residents of the towns of Rothwind , Fassoldshof and Eichberg , which belong to Mainroth , opposed the incorporation for the time being. On January 1, 1977, Mainroth joined Burgkunstadt, but without the localities that joined Mainleus .
- Gartenroth with Wildenroth, Lopphof, Eben and Flurholz
- Incorporation on January 1, 1977
- Little church with Reuth and Hainzendorf
- Incorporation on January 1, 1977
- Theisau with Mainklein
- Incorporation on January 1, 1977
Population development
In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population fell from 6,666 to 6,451 by 215 or 3.2%.
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1 In 1946 there were 2,659 “old citizens” living in Burgkunstadt, as well as 995 evacuees, refugees and deportees.
(Sources below)
politics
City council
Burgkunstadt has 20 city council seats, plus another one for the incumbent mayor. In the local elections on March 15, 2020 and in the previous local elections in 2014 , 2008 , 2002 and 1996, the distribution of seats was as follows:
| CSU | FWG | SPD | JWU * | Civic association | Green | total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 7th | 5 | 2 | - | 3 | 3 | 20 seats |
| 2014 | 7th | 4th | 5 | - | 4th | - | 20 seats |
| 2008 | 8th | 7th | 5 | - | - | - | 20 seats |
| 2002 | 8th | 6th | 5 | 1 | - | - | 20 seats |
| 1996 | 9 | 4th | 5 | 2 | - | - | 20 seats |
* Young Voters Union
mayor
The first mayor is Christine Frieß (CSU). In 2014 she prevailed in a run-off election against Heinz Petterich (FWG) and before that against Wolfgang Sievert (SPD) with 2000 votes (61.1% of all valid votes). Heinz Petterich was previously mayor for three terms.
In 2020 Christine Frieß was confirmed in office in the mayor's runoff election on March 29 with 51.9% of the valid votes and a turnout of 66.4%.
coat of arms
Blazon
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Blazon : "In blue over a silver crenellated wall with an open gate, a red roofed silver crenellated tower, on each side a silver house with a red roof."
Occupied since 1350. |
Coat of arms history
The oldest surviving coat of arms is on a coin from 1350 with a massive keep in the middle, to the right of it a building with two crosses on the roof. The wall and the tower represented the castle, the building the town church. The inscription reads: "† S · CIVIVM · CIVITATIS · IN · BWRCVNSTADT". It is considered likely that Burgkunstadt as spots led before 1350 no crest or seal with other motive characters, otherwise certainly the re-use of these characters would have been demanded after becoming a city and enforced.
In the middle of the 15th century there was the only major change in the coat of arms; the gate was now shown open and on the left side of the tower there was another building in an oblique view with two crosses on the roof. The text is transcribed in Gothic minuscule "SIGILLUM PURG CONSTAT". Over the centuries the design, the colors and the arrangement of the individual elements changed slightly several times. For the first time the tower, the wall and the outbuildings were depicted in Lipowsky's coat of arms register in white with red roofs. In the course of the change in the Franconian municipal coat of arms, the blue shield color was introduced in 1819. The color scheme was chosen to combine the historic Franconian colors red and white with the Bavarian blue and white. At the end of the 19th / beginning of the 20th century, unnecessary decorations were removed and the coat of arms was designed as it is currently in use.
The oldest preserved town seal of the town of Burgkunstadt
City seal of Burgkunstadt in the 15th century, for the first time with a second building next to the tower
Version of the city arms from 1603 in the Horitz table of the Bamberg Lehensvasallen - in this version kept until at least 1690
City coat of arms of Burgkunstadt around 1905
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Town twinning
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Ehrenfriedersdorf - since 1990 -
Rural Municipality of Gostynin - since 2009 -
Quéven - since 2011
Culture and sights
Museums
- The German Shoemaker Museum, which was founded in 1985 and opened in 1991, has many exhibits and provides insights into the history of the shoemaker's trade with a focus on Burgkunstadt and the shoe industry, which has been around for a hundred years.
Buildings
- Town hall: four-storey building, foundation walls, ground floor and first floor remains of the keep of Burgkunstadter Castle, third and fourth floor artfully decorated half-timbered structure from 1690, built by Jörg Hofmann and Hans Gebelein
- From the Middle Ages until the 20th century, underground passages connected numerous houses in the upper town on the market square. Many of the corridors have now been walled up or collapsed. The only publicly accessible section begins in the old bailiwick.
- Churches
- Catholic parish church: neo-baroque facade, inside neo-baroque altar and side altars
- Evangelical Church, a modern building from 1935
- Five Wounds Chapel: Renaissance building from 1666
Architectural monuments
Other (events, festivals, ...)
- Burgkunstadt is located on the Franconian Beer Road (Günther-Bräu).
- Burgkunstadt has repeatedly been one of the venues for the "Franconian Cinema Summer" in recent years. It took place on the historic market square.
- The old town festival takes place every 3 years in summer.
- The "Green Market" takes place on the first Thursday of the month in the afternoon around the historic market square.
- The cultural Sundays take place in the old bailiwick.
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
- Baur Shipping (GmbH & Co. KG)
- Günther Brewery
- Quelle GmbH
Financial institutions
- Savings bank
- Raiffeisenbank
traffic
rail
Burgkunstadt and the Mainroth district each have their own train station on the Bamberg – Hof railway line . In Coburg or Bamberg it is possible to change to an ICE on the Munich - Berlin route .
Street
Burgkunstadt is on the B 289 . The next autobahn is the A 73 , exit Lichtenfels. Then follow the A 70 ( Schweinfurt - Bayreuth ), exit Stadelhofen and the A 9 , exit Himmelkron .
Public transport is provided by the bus companies Kaiser-Reisen (Burgkunstadt), Götz-Reisen (Altenkunstadt) and Deuber Reisen ( Weismain ), which together operate a line system in the western and northern district of Lichtenfels and in the eastern district of Kulmbach .
Furthermore, a citizens' bus is in use in Burgkunstadt, funded by the Lichtenfels district . It runs every Tuesday at 8:30 a.m. from Kirchlein to Burgkunstadt and at 11:45 a.m. back to Kirchlein.
Public facilities
- Kunomare outdoor pool
- Alte Vogtei: serves as a cultural and event center
- Stadthalle: sports hall and regional event location
education
- Primary school : Burgkunstadt primary school , Burgkunstadt
- Special school : belongs to the Regens-Wagner-Heim
- Realschule : Realschule Burgkunstadt , Burgkunstadt
- Grammar school : Burgkunstadt grammar school , Burgkunstadt (modern language and scientific-technological branch)
Formerly:
- Middle school (Bavarian type): Friedrich-Baur-Mittelschule , Burgkunstadt (until 2015)
Personalities
Honorary citizen
The town was granted the right by the municipal edict in 1818 to make honorary citizens of people who have decisively influenced the development of the town through outstanding achievements or who have made particularly great contributions to the general welfare of the citizens . Since then, at least 15 people have received this award. Due to missing documents and documents, the granted honorary citizenship rights can no longer be fully proven.
The honorary citizenship of the city of Burgkunstadt is not associated with any special rights or special obligations.
They are listed chronologically according to the date of award.
- Ernst Pühn, since August 26, 1855, district court doctor
- Franz Leonhard Pregler, teacher since March 26, 1887
- Jonas Löbenstern, teacher at the Jewish school since 1890
- Friedrich Reubel, Catholic pastor since 1901
- Hans Püls, shoe manufacturer since 1923
- Jakob Friedrich Riexinger, shoe manufacturer
- Hans Agath, Mayor since March 31, 1933
- Joseph Bullinger, doctor since March 19, 1949
- Josef Mehringer, leather manufacturer since January 28, 1951
- Friedrich Baur , founder and owner of Baur-Großversandes since July 25, 1951
- Kathi Baur, since June 1, 1964, wife of Friedrich Baur and head of Baur-Großversandes
- Anton Sattler, CEO of Baur-Großversandes since February 5, 1978
- Hans Zwerenz, doctor since July 21, 1990
- Georg Dora, Mayor since June 1, 1995
- Elmar Bergmann, local politician since December 19, 2006
- Heinz Petterich, Mayor since May 13, 2014
- Gerlinde Konrad, local politician since May 13, 2014
sons and daughters of the town
The following overview, listed alphabetically, contains well-known personalities who were born in Burgkunstadt . It is irrelevant whether or not the people later had their sphere of activity in the city. The list does not claim to be complete.
- Joseph Arneth , medic
- Philipp Brückner , long-time mayor and member of the Reichstag
- Johannes Cellarius , Lutheran theologian
- Johann-Georg Dora , retired General of the Bundeswehr D.
- Fridolin Friedmann , educator
- Shlomo Dov Goitein , orientalist
- Jacob Anton Mayer , bookseller and publisher
- Sigmund Theodor Stein , scientist and physician
- Kuni Tremel-Eggert , writer
Personalities who have worked on site
- Friedrich Baur , entrepreneur
- Anton Lakisa , Belarusian handball player at HG Kunstadt.
- Wilhelm Paschek , politician of the WAV and DP as well as Member of the Bundestag
- Otto Schuhmann , teacher and local politician ( SPD )
Others
- On June 4, 2009, a railcar of the series was 612 of Deutsche Bahn in the name Burgkunstadt baptized.
literature
- Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Burgkunstadt . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 1 : A-egg . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1799, DNB 790364298 , OCLC 833753073 , Sp. 505-506 ( digitized version ).
- Rudi Fetzer: Borkuschter Mosaik - A slightly different city history. (only available in the town hall).
- Wolfgang Gunzelmann: Kunstadter stories. (True stories told in rhyme form from Alten- und Burgkunstadt).
- Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Burgkunstadt . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 650-651 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- City administration
- The most famous city legend, "The Golden Cradle"
- Burgkunstadt: Official statistics of the LfStat (PDF; 1.04 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Mayoress. Burgkunstadt community, accessed on June 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Geological data and facts about Burgkunstadt
- ↑ a b c d e f Rudi Fetzer: Borkuschter Mosaik - A slightly different city history . City of Burgkunstadt, 2009.
- ↑ a b c d Annual report of the city of 2009 (PDF) burgkunstadt.de, accessed on October 4, 2010.
- ↑ a b Annual report of the city of Burgkunstadt from 2010 (PDF) burgkunstadt.de, accessed on July 27, 2011.
- ↑ a b c d e f Annual report of the city of Burgkunstadt from 2013 (PDF) burgkunstadt.de, accessed on August 10, 2013.
- ^ PPT presentation 950 years Burgkunstadt by Hans Losert , Landschaftsmuseum.de, accessed on April 13, 2010.
- ↑ Source: Motschmann, Der Leidensweg der Juden am Obermain, 1983, p. 33 ff.
- ^ Eichhorn, Ernst, Heimat Franken: collected contributions to art, history, folklore and monument preservation in Franconia. Munich 1979.
- ↑ a b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 512 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipal directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 694 and 695 .
- ^ H. Höreth: Address and manual for Upper Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Bayreuth 1838, p. 100 ( full text in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Thomas Gunzelmann: The cultural landscape around 1840. In: Günther Dippold: In the upper Main valley on the Jura to Rodach and Itz. Self-published by Kreissparkasse Lichtenfels, Lichtenfels 1990, p. 75.
- ^ Website Burgkunstadt - City Council & Committees , accessed on May 30, 2020
- ↑ Burgkunstadt Aktuell, May 2014 (PDF) hirsch-woelfl.de, accessed on August 24, 2014 (PDF; 1.77 MB)
- ↑ Results of the 2008 local elections (PDF, offline) (PDF)
- ^ Results of the local elections in 2002 in the Lichtenfels district
- ^ City council election 1996 Results of the local elections 1996 ( Memento of February 5, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) in the Internet Archive
- ↑ Results of the mayoral election 2008 (PDF).
- ^ Obermain-Tagblatt: Frieß wins the runoff election. Retrieved March 7, 2017 .
- ↑ tvo - television for Upper Franconia , accessed on May 30, 2020
- ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Burgkunstadt in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- ↑ a b c Franz Wenzl: Burgkunstadt - Pictures from bygone days II . Geiger Verlag, 1991, ISBN 3-89264-634-1 .
- ↑ Brief history of the coat of arms ( Memento of the original from November 6th, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on hdbg.de
- ↑ Short coat of arms history (English).
- ↑ coat of arms. Burgkunstadt community, accessed on June 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Ingrid Kohles: 12,000 pairs of shoes made every day. In: Obermain-Tagblatt . April 11, 2016, accessed July 7, 2019 .
- ↑ Home - Franconian Beer Street | Breweries, restaurants, beer gardens. Retrieved April 24, 2017 .
- ↑ Timetable Burgkunstadt Citizen Bus (PDF)
- ↑ Löbenstern, Jonas bllv.de, accessed on June 10, 2017
Burgkunstadt | Just | Ebneth | Floor wood | Garden Red | Grove pond | Hainzendorf | Kaltenreuth | Little church | Lopphof | Mainklein | Mainroth | Meuselsberg | New ponds | Neuses am Main | Pfaffeggetten | Reuth | Theisau | Weidnitz | Wildenroth
Altenkunstadt | Bad Staffelstein | Burgkunstadt | Ebensfeld | Hochstadt am Main | Lichtenfels | Marktgraitz | Marketers | Michelau in Upper Franconia | Redwitz an der Rodach | Weismain
Unregulated areas: Breitengüßbacher Forst | Neuensorger Forest