Cardiff
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City and County of Cardiff Welsh Caerdydd Dinas a Sir Caerdydd |
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 29 ′ N , 3 ° 11 ′ W | ||
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| Residents | 364,248 (as of 2018) | ||
| surface | 140 km² (54.05 mi² ) | ||
| Population density: | 2602 inhabitants per km² | ||
| language | Welsh (16.3%) | ||
| administration | |||
| ZIP code section | CF | ||
| prefix | 029 | ||
| Part of the country | Wales | ||
| region | South wales | ||
| Preserved County | South Glamorgan | ||
| ONS code | 00PT | ||
| Website: cardiff.gov.uk | |||
Cardiff [ ˈkɑːdɪf ] (Welsh Caerdydd [ kairˈdiːð ]) is the capital and most populous city of Wales in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . The city forms one of the 22 Welsh Principal Areas and has the status of a City . Cardiff has a population of 361,468. More than 1,100,000 people live in the greater Cardiff area.
geography
landscape
Cardiff is in the United Kingdom , in the far south of Wales on the broad Severn Estuary . The River Taff (Wal. Afon Taf ) flows through the port city , from which the city takes its name: Caer Dydd - Fort am Taff with name variation Taf (f) to Diff / Dydd . Another, controversial by modern scholars, derivation of the name after the historian William Camden (1551-1623) goes back to Aulus Didius Gallus : Caer Didi - Fort des Didius .
climate
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Cardiff
Source: wetterkontor.de
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history
Neolithic graves show that the Cardiff area was settled around 4,000 BC. Until the Roman conquest, the area around what is now Cardiff belonged to the sphere of influence of the British-Celtic Silurians . Around the year 75 AD, the Romans built a military base in what is now the city area; In addition, traces of Roman settlement can be found that go back to the 4th century AD. Little is known about the history after the Romans withdrew to the Norman conquest: It is assumed that the importance of the place gradually declined with the abandonment of the military base and the settlement was finally abandoned entirely.
Today's Cardiff has its roots in 1081, when William the Conqueror built a castle on the remains of the Roman fort. The first mention of the town Cardiff dated to the year 1093, when the knight Robert Fitzhamon , one of the followers of William, here with a fief was entrusted.
Cardiff received town charter in the 13th century, but it remained a relatively small town until the 19th century and, thanks to industrialization and coal mining, experienced an unexpected growth spurt. The Bute family, who owned almost the entire city, had the port expanded, which subsequently became the largest coal port in the world.
The university was built in 1883 and the town hall in 1904. In 1905 Cardiff was again given town charter and on December 20, 1955, it became the capital of Wales. This was not because of its importance in Welsh history, but because Cardiff had the best infrastructure of any Welsh cities.
After the port area has been increasingly neglected due to the coal crisis, it has been converted into a service and entertainment zone for several years.
politics
administration
In Cardiff, the city administration, Cardiff Council , is headquartered in City Hall. The county's administration, Cardiff County Council , is located at County Hall on Cardiff Bay. The Welsh Parliament ( Welsh Parliament ) is based in the Senedd (Senate) in Cardiff Bay; the government buildings are mainly in Cathays Park. The Mayor of Cardiff is Daniel De'Ath.
safety
The South Wales Police are responsible for security in Cardiff and the surrounding communities. With over 2,800 officers, it has 43 offices and 770 vehicles. The main office is in Cardiff Bay.
Town twinning
There are partnerships between Cardiff and
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Hordaland , Norway -
Luhansk , Ukraine -
Nantes , France -
Stuttgart , Germany, since 1955 -
Xiamen , People's Republic of China
In addition, over 30 international consulates are located in Cardiff as a representative office in Wales.
Economy and Infrastructure
Cardiff Port, also known as Tiger Bay , was once one of the busiest ports in the world. In addition, the port of Cardiff was once the world's largest transshipment point for coal. It was used to ship the coal from the mines in the valleys further north. With the decline of coal mining, the importance of the port has also decreased significantly. After extensive modernization and renovation phases, the port now has three ship locks and three mooring docks. The port area has become a popular meeting place for various events and has several restaurants, bars, shops and hotels.
Cardiff is now the financial capital and service hub of Wales. The nine most important economic sectors include primarily manufacturing, such as automotive and mechanical engineering, information technology, financial services and insurance, health and tourism.
The city's largest employers include: Admiral Group , Legal & General , British Telecom Wales , Peacocks, MotoNovo Finance, Broomfield & Alexander, Glamorgan Telecom, Rhomco Consulting, Capital Law, Comtec, CPS Group, Brains Brewery, Arriva Trains Wales and Inexus.
Most of Cardiff's shopping is concentrated in the city center around Queen Street and St. Mary Street, with larger stores also in the city's harbor area. After completion of the second construction phase and complete modernization of the first part, the largest shopping center in the city, the St. Davids Center , was reopened in 2009. It has 130,000 square meters of space with over 200 stores. This makes the shopping center one of the largest in Great Britain. Other shopping centers include Queens Arcade and the Capitol Center.
Further shopping opportunities can be found in the pedestrian zone The Castle Quarter . This is located north of the city and you will find several shops and restaurants in it.
education
Cardiff is home to the research-intensive Cardiff University , which was founded in 1883 and has over 30,000 students. Cardiff University is part of the Russell Group . Cardiff Metropolitan University, founded in 1865, has over 12,000 students. The University of South Wales , founded in 1841, has over 3,000 students. Another college is the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama .
media
Cardiff is home to major broadcasting networks such as BBC Cymru Wales , ITV Wales , Made in Cardiff and S4C. All of these broadcasters have multiple broadcast studios and production studios and cover all of Wales. The TV production sector employs over 6,000 people in over 600 companies. BBC Wales opened new television production studios in Roath Lock in 2012. The Pinewood Studios that operate internationally locations, opened in 2014 its film studio. Other stations that can be received nationwide are fed into the digital cable network.
Cardiff is popular with film production companies. In recent years, the BBC in particular has produced world-famous television series, television and cinema films here. These include a. Casualty , Doctor Who , Merlin , The Sarah Jane Adventures , Torchwood , The Valleys , Upstairs Downstairs and Sherlock . While most of the series filmed in Cardiff are set in London, the Doctor Who branch Torchwood had Cardiff itself as its center of action for the first time. The Torchwood Institute base is in the series just outside the Millennium Center on Cardiff Bay. Together with the (now closed) Doctor Who Experience , an extensive interactive museum for families and long-time fans of the series, this staging of the city and especially the port area contributed to a significant increase in international tourism in Cardiff.
The largest daily newspapers are the South Wales Echo and Western Mail , both headquartered on Park Street in the city center and operated by Media Wales Ltd. be issued. Other newspapers include the Capital Times, Echo Extra and the South Wales edition of Metro.
There are several radio stations in the city including Capital FM (South Wales), Heart, BBC Radio Wales , BBC Radio Cymru, Nation Radio, Radio Cardiff, Smooth Radio (Wales) and Xpress Radio.
health
There are seven NHS hospitals in Cardiff . The largest hospital is the University Hospital of Wales. It is the third largest in all of the UK. The University Dental Hospital is directly opposite on the same site. Llandough Hospital is south of town. The newest hospital is St. David's Hospital, which focuses on children and the elderly. All hospitals also supply the surrounding communities and cities. Spire Healthcare is a private hospital in Pentwyn.
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- Airport
The international airport of the Welsh capital is located about 16 km from the city center in the south-west. The Cardiff Airport serves as the airport for South, West and Mid Wales with some European city and holiday destinations.
- Highway
Cardiff is directly on the M4 Motorway , which crosses the south of England and Wales in an east-west direction from London and Bristol to west of Swansea and which is also the only motorway in Wales. Motorway M4 crosses Motorway M5 near Bristol and therefore Cardiff can be reached relatively quickly by car from Exeter or Birmingham .
- railroad
Cardiff Central railway station is the largest central railway station in Wales with eight platforms. About 10 million passengers are counted here every year. The station serves as the main traffic hub. a. serviced by Transport for Wales / Trafnidiaeth Cymru and connects Cardiff with other cities in Wales such as Newport, Bridgend and Swansea. Long-distance trains run to Wrexham and Holyhead as well as major cities such as Birmingham, London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Glasgow. Cardiff is also on the main railway line from London to Fishguard and is the starting point for several branch lines.
- Suburban train
There are around 20 suburban train stations in the city and even more in the surrounding area. Trains connect the city with Barry , Penarth , Bridgend , the airport, Pontypridd , Maesteg , Radyr , Caerphilly , Bargoed , Rhymney , Ebbw Vale , Aberdare , Merthyr Tydfil and Treherbert .
- Bus transport
The main means of transport in local public transport is the omnibus . Cardiff has a well-developed bus route network operated by Cardiff Bus.
The central bus station is located opposite the main train station and is served by numerous city , regional and long-distance bus routes.
- water
The Aquabus runs hourly between Cardiff city center (Taff Mead Embankment) and Cardiff Bay (Mermaid Quay) piers. The Cardiff Waterbus operates year round between Pierhead in front of the Pierhead Building and Penarth at the end of the Cardiff Bay Barrage lock . Between March and October there are services from Cardiff Harbor to Flat Holm Island. The restored paddle steamer Waverley and MV Balmoral take day trips to various destinations in the Bristol Channel.
Cruise ships call at Cardiff Harbor during the summer months, from May to the end of September each year. Goals are u. a .: Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Norway, Iceland and Ireland.
Culture and sights
Cultural institutions are the National Museum Cardiff and the Welsh Center for International Affairs, which is located in the Temple of Peace .
The Museum of Technology vividly shows science, while the open-air museum Museum of Welsh Life in the suburb of St Fagans offers insights into the way of life of the common people in the past.
Cardiff is home to the Cardiff Naturalists' Society , the longest-running natural history organization in the region.
The Welsh National Opera (WNO) (Welsh: Opera Cenedlaethol Cymru) is an opera company founded in Cardiff, Wales in 1946. It consists of an orchestra (The Orchestra of Welsh National Opera) and a professional choir (The Chorus of Welsh National Opera).
religion
Cardiff is the seat of the Llandaff Diocese of the Anglican Church in Wales and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cardiff . The Shri Swaminarayan Mandir , the first Hindu temple in Wales, opened in the Grangetown district in 1982 .
music
The Cardiffer music scene has developed a lot. The BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Welsh National Opera has produced several well-known pieces. In addition, the orchestra and opera served as a springboard for both musicians and music bands that were founded in Cardiff and became internationally known. They include Charlotte Church , Shirley Bassey , Iwan Rheon , The Oppressed , Kids in Glass Houses , Los Campesinos , The Hot Puppies , The School, We're No Heroes, Budgie and Shakin 'Stevens . Other bands like The Automatic , Manic Street Preachers , Lostprophets , Super Furry Animals , Catatonia and Bullet for My Valentine have strong ties to the city of Cardiff.
Events
Every year on October 4th the Lloyds Bank Cardiff Half Marathon takes place, in which several thousand runners take part. The running distance is 21.1 kilometers and leads across the city. Other events include a. the Cardiff Summer Festival, which takes place in the second week of August, the Wales Winter Wonderland, which offers a large Christmas market and a large ice rink for ice skating, as well as the Cardiff Brewfest, Vueling Cardiff Bay Beach, Pride Cymru and P1 Welsh Grand Prix of the Sea.
Most of the concerts take place in the multipurpose Motorpoint Arena Cardiff and St. David's Hall.
Sports
Cardiff City football club is currently playing in the second-rate Football League Championship . Moreover, it is rugby very popular; the most famous team are the Cardiff Blues . Cardiff's most famous athlete is the footballer Gareth Bale .
Cardiff hosted the Welsh Open in snooker from 1999 to 2004 , with tournaments taking place in the International Arena and the Welsh Institute of Sport . After the tournament had been held in Newport for 10 years , it has been back in Cardiff in the Motorpoint Arena since 2015 .
Buildings
The Capital Tower is one of the tallest buildings. The building was completed in 1967 and reaches a height of 80 meters. The Capital Tower was the tallest building in Wales until September 12, 2008 when it was replaced by The Tower, Meridian Quay in Swansea. The second largest building is the British Telecom Stadium House. The building reaches a height of 78 meters and was completed in 1976. The building was completely renovated in 2002, with a striking steel structure including an antenna mast installed on the building. With this structure, the building reaches a height of 120 meters.
The Cardiff Castle was built in the 12th century on the remains of a Roman fort . It had many changing owners until it passed to John Stuart, son of the Earl of Bute, in 1776. His great-grandson engaged the famous builder William Burges to convert it into a prestigious residential complex, which was completed in 1881. In the northwestern part of the city are Llandaff Cathedral, originally built in the 12th century and now part of the Church in Wales , as well as Llandaff Palace , the ruins of the palace of the Bishops of Llandaff . Cardiff's Roman Catholic Cathedral was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1884–1887 .
Cardiff has been home to the Millennium Stadium since 1999 , which was built on the site of Cardiff Arms Park . The stadium, which opened in 1999 and has 74,500 seats, is located in the city center on the River Taff. Rugby is also played in the stadium. On November 7, 2009, the Welsh national team played there against the "All Blacks" from New Zealand.
On March 2, 2006, a new parliament building called Senedd was opened in close proximity to Cardiff Bay . Cardiff Bay is also home to Tŷ Hywel and the Pierhead Building , two other sites of the Welsh Parliament , and the Wales Millennium Center , the seat of the Welsh National Opera .
The oldest shopping arcade, the Royal Arcade, dates back to 1856.
Nine kilometers north of the city is the Norman ring castle Caerphilly Castle , Wales' largest castle complex .
In November 2007 was Genocide Memorial Wales to Armenian Genocide opened in the Ottoman Empire.
Parks and recreation
Around ten percent of the city's total area is made up of parks. Cardiff's main park is Bute Park , which borders Queens Street north of one of the main shopping streets. The paths through the park connect the city center with the northern part of the city. The park has large meadows and benches. Another park is Roath Park in the north, which has a river on which small boats are allowed. Other recreational areas are the Howardian Local Nature Reserve with an area of 130,000 m 2 near the lower Rhymney Valley in Penylan, known for its orchids, and the Forest Farm Country Park, which is located on the Taff in Whitchurch. A tiny, but very centrally located park is St. John's Churchyard Park .
gallery
The entrance to the bilingual University of Wales in Cardiff
City Hall of the City of Cardiff
Roath Park
Cardiff Castle
St Fagans Castle
Pierhead Building
Personalities
literature
- Michael Grierson Jarrett: CARDIFF S. Glamorgan, Wales . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mid 2018 Estimates of the population for the UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
- ↑ Gwynedd O Pierce: What's In A Name? - Cardiff. BBC Wales, archived from the original on January 15, 2009 ; Retrieved July 17, 2008 .
- ↑ The amazing story of the man who led the toasts when Cardiff became Wales' capital and who turns 100 today , WalesOnline, December 19, 2015
- ↑ Cardiff's Twin Cities ( Memento June 9, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), accessed October 16, 2016
- ↑ Overview of the foreign consulates in Cardiff ( Memento of July 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The Official Cardiff Bay Website, accessed August 29, 2015 ( September 20, 2015 memento in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ BBC Roath Lock Studios, accessed September 2, 2015
- ^ Pinewood Studios Wales , accessed September 2, 2015
- ^ Upstairs Downstairs , Wales Online
- ↑ Dr. Who Locations Guide
- ↑ accessed on May 14, 2017
- ^ Shri Swaminarayan Temple Cardiff: History. Retrieved August 20, 2015 .
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Anglesey | Blaenau Gwent | Bridgend | Caerphilly | Cardiff | Carmarthenshire | Ceredigion | Conwy | Denbighshire | Flintshire | Gwynedd | Merthyr Tydfil | Monmouthshire | Neath Port Talbot | Newport | Pembrokeshire | Powys | Rhondda Cynon Taf | Swansea | Torfaen | Vale of Glamorgan | Wrexham