1906
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Calendar overview 1906
1906 | |
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The earthquake of 1906 and the fire that followed razed the city of San Francisco to the ground. | |
The U 1 is the first German submarine to be launched in the Germania shipyard in Kiel . |
Roald Amundsen crosses the Northwest Passage with the Gjøa after three years . |
1906 in other calendars | |
Armenian calendar | 1354/55 (turn of the year July) |
Ethiopian calendar | 1898/99 (turn of the year 10/11 September) |
Baha'i calendar | 62/63 (turn of the year 20/21 March) |
Bengali solar calendar | 1311/12 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
Buddhist calendar | 2449/50 (southern Buddhism); 2448/49 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
Chinese calendar | 76th (77th) cycle
Year of the Fire Horse丙午 ( since January 25th , before that Wood Snake乙巳) |
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1268/69 (turn of the year April) |
Dangun era (Korea) | 4239/40 (October 2/3) |
Iranian calendar | 1284/85 (around March 21) |
Islamic calendar | 1323/24 (February 24/25) |
Japanese calendar |
Meiji 39 (
明治 39 年); Koki 2566 |
Jewish calendar | 5666/67 (September 19-20) |
Coptic Calendar | 1622/23 (September 10/11) |
Malayalam calendar | 1081/82 |
Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire) | 1321/22 (March 1st) |
Seleucid era | Babylon: 2216/17 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2217/18 (turn of the year October) |
Suriyakati Calendar (Thai Solar Calendar) | 2448/49 (April 1) |
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1962/63 (turn of the year April) |
events
Politics and world events
Deutsches Reich
- January 1st: Helmuth Johannes Ludwig von Moltke succeeds Alfred Graf von Schlieffen as Chief of the General Staff of the Army of the German Reich.
- January 1st: Bavaria and Württemberg both celebrate their centenary as a kingdom.
- May 21: The German Reichstag changes Article 32 of the Reich Constitution and thus introduces MPs .
- October 16: Wilhelm Voigt occupies the town hall of Köpenick .
- October 27: Maximilian Harden triggers the Eulenburg affair with a newspaper article in which he suggestively accuses several people around the emperor of homosexuality .
- December 13: The German Reichstag is dissolved because the center and the SPD had previously rejected a supplementary budget. This was intended to approve considerable expenditure of money for the colonial protection force in German South West Africa . In the subsequent Reichstag election in 1907, the SPD parliamentary group lost 38 of its previous 81 seats.
- Erfurt exceeds the 100,000-inhabitant limit and thus becomes a big city .
Russia
- March 21: Tsar Nicholas II drastically restricts the rights of the planned Duma in Russia through decrees .
- May 10: Tsar Nicholas II opens the elected first State Duma of the Russian Empire in Saint Petersburg with a speech from the throne .
- June 14: Pogrom against Jews in Białystok
- July 3: Radical changes are made in the Finnish Parliament: the medieval four-tier parliament is abolished, and the Reichstag ( Eduskunta , with only one chamber), which is appointed according to proportional representation , takes its place . Women are given the right to vote and can now also be elected to offices.
- July 22nd: Tsar Nicholas II dissolves the first Duma after a short time; a new one is convened for March 1907.
- August 12: An assassination attempt on Russian interior minister Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin kills 27; he himself survives.
- The Protestant provost of the Riga district, Ludwig Zimmermann , as well as the pastors Wilhelm Taurit , Alphons Fuchs, Albert Grühn and Julius Busch are killed by revolutionaries.
Austria-Hungary / Balkans
- January 2nd: The Bulgarian Parliament approves the customs union with the Kingdom of Serbia .
- February 19: The Hungarian crisis comes to a head. In order to put the stubborn opposition in the Reichstag in their place, at the instigation of King Franz Joseph I and the Prime Minister Géza Fejérváry, the Budapest parliament building was occupied by the Honvéd .
- July 7th: Austria-Hungary refuses to allow the import of cattle, poultry or agricultural products from Serbia or their transit traffic . The pig war led by customs is supposed to put the neighboring Kingdom of Serbia under political pressure over economic consequences.
- Aurel Popovici publishes the concept of the United States of Greater Austria , which is supported by the heir to the throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este .
France
- January 1: In France , the law on the separation of church and state , passed on December 8, 1905, comes into force.
- January 17th: Armand Fallières becomes the new French President.
- July 12: Alfred Dreyfus is rehabilitated almost twelve years after his conviction in the Dreyfus affair .
Other events in Europe
- January 1: Ludwig Forrer becomes President of Switzerland .
- January 29th: Change of throne in Denmark : on the deceased Christian IX. follows Friedrich VIII.
- June 12: Håkon VII is crowned the first king of the independent kingdom of Norway after the personal union with Sweden has separated .
Africa
- January 16: Start of the Algeciras Conference
- April 7th: With the adoption of the Algeciras Act, the great powers succeed in settling the First Morocco Crisis at the Algeciras Conference .
Asia
- April 27: China and Great Britain sign a treaty on Tibet .
- August 5th: Mozaffar ad-Din Shah signs a decree establishing a parliament ( Majlis ) in Iran .
- Because of the growing influence of the Hindus in the Indian National Congress INC , the Muslim League is founded in Dhaka .
America
- September 14th: American marines occupy the island as a result of an anti-government uprising in Cuba . The Republic of Cuba will henceforth be administered directly from the USA.
- November 9: Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first incumbent US president to travel abroad to the Panama Canal , which is under construction . The president is accompanied by his wife Edith .
business
- January 1st: The work of children under 10 years of age is allowed in family businesses in the German Reich .
- March 15th: Business partners Henry Royce and Charles Rolls , who are determined to build automobiles, register their company, Rolls-Royce Limited, in Manchester .
- April 4th: The Glanzstoff Austria in St. Pölten is officially opened.
- May 15: The US Supreme Court opens the case of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company for violating the Sherman Anti Trust Act .
- April 28: The 1906 World's Fair in Milan opens. It takes place on the occasion of the opening of the Simplon Tunnel and is dedicated to the topic of traffic.
- May 24th: The Swiss hotelier César Ritz opens another hotel of his name after the Parisian Hôtel Ritz in London , which as a novelty has its own bathroom in each suite. The service standards and the luxurious furnishings of the house set nationwide standards.
- May 26: Vauxhall Bridge over the Thames opens to traffic in London . The new structure replaces the first bridge from 1816, which had previously been demolished.
- June 1: The railway line between Brig in Switzerland and Iselle di Trasquera in Italy through the almost 20 km long Simplon Tunnel goes into operation.
- June 14th: SMS Gneisenau launched in Bremen
- June 20 to October 6: The Imperial Austrian Exhibition takes place in Earls Court in London .
- October 8th: An apparatus built by the German hairdresser Karl Ludwig Nessler , which beautifies women's heads with permanent waves , is demonstrated by him in London.
- October 28: In Frankfurt am Main , the last section of the Frankfurt-Offenbacher Trambahn , one of the first electric tram lines, as well as its own power plant , goes out of operation and will then be integrated into the route network of the Frankfurt am Main tram .
- November 29th: Vincenzo Lancia and his friend Claudio Fogolin found the car manufacturer Lancia in Turin .
- Ludwig Roselius from Bremen has a decaffeination process patented.
science and technology
- February 10: The British HMS Dreadnought , the world's first capital ship with a single caliber , is launched in Portsmouth .
- May 19: The Simplon Tunnel , started by the engineers Karl Brandau and Alfred Brandt on the Jura-Simplon Railway , is inaugurated in Brig .
- August 1st: Ondřejov observatory goes into operation (Czech Republic)
- August 3: The U 1, the first German submarine, is launched in the Krupp Germania shipyard in Kiel .
- August 19: Inauguration of the large radio station in Nauen
- August 31: The Northwest Passage has been passed. Roald Amundsen arrives with his crew of six in Nome ( Alaska ) after a three-year research voyage on the ship Gjøa .
- September 12: The flight of the Dane Jacob Ellehammer's machine reaches a distance of 42 m and is considered the first successful European powered flight.
- October 3: At the international radio conference in Berlin , the SOS is declared an international emergency signal in place of the previous CQD .
- October 17th: Arthur Korn succeeds in telegraphing a picture over 1800 km.
- October 23: Alberto Santos Dumont performs a flight of 50 meters with his " 14-bis " and wins the Archdeacon Prize for the first powered flight over 25 meters.
- November 13th: Laying of the foundation stone for the Deutsches Museum in Munich
- December 14th: Commissioning of the first submarine of the German Navy
- December 24th: Canadian radio pioneer Reginald Fessenden broadcasts the world's first wireless music and voice transmission with mixed content using an Alexanderson alternator .
- Marcello Pirani indicates the construction of his manometer .
- Theodore Lyman finds the series named after him in the spectrum of hydrogen .
- Albert Einstein publishes his theory of specific heat (in: Annalen der Physik 22 (1906), 180–190, 800 ).
- The doctor Alois Alzheimer first diagnosed at the patient Auguste D., the Alzheimer's disease .
- The British Meteorological Service is launching a version of a scale for classifying winds according to their speed with 13 levels (including 0), which is known as the Beaufort scale .
- Ernest Archdeacon designed the propeller motorcycle .
- After 259 years, the Dai Nihon shi will be completed.
- August von Wassermann develops and publishes a serological method for the detection of syphilis, the Wassermann test .
Culture
architecture
- June 24: The parish church of St. Paul in Munich, built according to plans by Georg von Hauberrisser in the neo-Gothic style, is completed after 14 years of construction by Archbishop Franz Joseph von Stein in the presence of the Archbishop of Bamberg, Friedrich Philipp von Abert , and the almost complete Wittelsbacher Inaugurated by the royal family under Prince Regent Luitpold .
- DECEMBER 17: The by Otto Wagner in Art Nouveau designed kk Postsparcassen-office in Vienna is opened.
Visual arts
Nikolai Nikanorowitsch Dubowski : Harvest
Paul Cézanne : The Jourdan's Hut
Paula Modersohn-Becker : self-portrait
- September 24: The expressionist artists' association Brücke holds its first exhibition in Dresden. It is not well received by the domestic audience.
- SEPTEMBER 27: In Braunschweig is Eulenspiegel Fountain revealed.
- The Ottoman painter Osman Hamdi Bey paints his most famous picture, Kaplumbağa Terbiyecisi - The Turtle Educator .
- Franz Marc paints the painting Two Women on the Mountain , a portrait of the painters Marie Schnür and Maria Franck , in oil on canvas on cardboard .
literature
- Epigram Collection of The Devil's Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce in New York City
- First part of the tetralogy Forsyte Saga , The Rich Man , by John Galsworthy in London
- The pilgrim Kamanita by Karl Gjellerup in Copenhagen ( Nobel Prize for Literature 1917)
- The prelude to the Wanderer trilogy , Unter Herbststernen , by Knut Hamsun in Oslo (called Kristiania at the time)
- First work The Confusions of the Zöglings Törless by Robert Musil in Vienna
- Prose poem The way of love and death of the cornet Christoph Rilke by Rainer Maria Rilke in Prague
- Naturalistic novel The Jungle by Upton Sinclair in New York City
- Psychological novel Imago by Carl Spitteler in Jena
- The Eternal Jew from August Vermeylen in Bussum
Music and theater
Spoken theater
- January 19: premiere of the drama And Pippa is dancing! by Gerhart Hauptmann in Berlin
- July 14th: World premiere of the drama The Doctor at the Crossroads by George Bernard Shaw in London
- November 20: The premiere of Frank Wedekind's drama Spring Awakening , which he completed in 1891, takes place under the direction of Max Reinhardt at the Berliner Kammerspiele .
- November 24: The drama enemies of Maxim Gorky is directed by Victor Barnowsky premiered at the Little Theater in Berlin. The piece, which is banned from performance in Russia, will also be banned in Germany after the last performance on December 7th.
- December 30th: The premiere of the puppet- supported play The Schaubude by Alexander Blok in Saint Petersburg
Musical theater
- Jan. 24: At the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow, the two one-act are operas The Miserly Knight and because Francesca Rimini of Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff premiered under the baton of the composer.
- March 19: The musical comedy Die Vier Grobiane ( I quatro rusteghi ) by Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari is premiered in German at the Bavarian State Opera in Munich. The work, whose Venetian and German libretto is based on a comedy by Carlo Goldoni , is an attempt to revive the opera buffa . The opera becomes the composer's most frequently performed work and is performed in the same year at the Theater des Westens in Berlin.
- October 31: The world premiere of the opera Ariane by Jules Massenet with a libretto by Catulle Mendès takes place in the Palais Garnier in Paris. The interpreter of the title role is Lucienne Bréval .
- November 11th: The world premiere of the opera Maskarade by Carl Nielsen with a libretto by Vilhelm Andersen based on a comedy by Ludvig Holberg takes place at the Royal Danish Theater in Copenhagen under the direction of the composer. Today it is considered the national opera of Denmark.
- December 1st: The world premiere of the children's operetta Peter and Paul Reise im Schlaraffenland by Franz Lehár takes place in the cabaret Hölle in the Theater an der Wien in Vienna.
- December 11: The children's opera Das Christ-Elflein by Hans Pfitzner based on the libretto by Ilse von Stach has its world premiere under the direction of Felix Mottl at the Hofoper in Munich, after the first performance of the overture in Berlin under Emil on November 23 Nikolaus von Reznicek took place. The first draft is a failure.
Instrumental music
- January 6th: The piano pieces Miroirs ( mirror images ) by Maurice Ravel are premiered in Paris by the pianist Ricardo Viñes, who is a friend of Ravel . The work is one of the key works of French Impressionism that was composed for this instrument. All pieces are technically extremely demanding and characterized by a virtuoso piano setting.
- May 27th: The 6th Symphony (“Tragic Symphony”) by Gustav Mahler is premiered in the Essen hall as the highlight of the Tonkünstlerfest of the Allgemeine Deutsche Musikverein under the direction of the composer.
- The German composer Hermann Ludwig Blankenburg wins the composition competition of the music publisher Boosey & Hawkes with the march Farewell to the Gladiators .
Others
- March 3: The Leipzig Natural History Museum is founded.
- June 21: The French Cardinal François-Désiré Mathieu becomes chairman of the Académie française .
society
- April 15: The Armenian General Charity Union is established in Cairo .
- June 25: American architect Stanford White is shot dead in a fit of jealousy by millionaire Harry Kendall Thaw on the roof of Madison Square Gardens second in New York City.
religion
- July 28th: In the encyclical Pieni l'animo , written in Italian , Pope Pius X speaks about the spirit of obedience and addresses the clergy in Italy.
- August 10th: In the encyclical Gravissimo officii munere addressed to the French Bishops' Conference , Pope Pius X emphatically rejects the membership of worship and cult associations, as permitted by the French state, to the Church.
Disasters
earthquake
- Jan 31: An earthquake of magnitude 8.8 followed by tsunami in Colombia and Ecuador about calls 400 to 1000 deaths.
- March 16: A 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck Kagi , Taiwan , killing approximately 1,300 people.
- April 18: The California city of San Francisco is devastated in a severe earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.8 and the resulting fires . Between 700 and 3,000 people die and around 20,000 are made homeless. A clear fault line arises on the San Andreas Fault.
- August 16: An earthquake measuring 8.2 on the Richter scale shakes Valparaíso , Chile; around 4,000 people are killed.
More natural disasters
- April 7th: A violent eruption from Vesuvius affects life in Naples . The collapse of a market hall costs many victims.
- September 18: Hong Kong is hit by a typhoon followed by a tidal wave, killing around 10,000 people.
Shipping disasters
- January 22nd: The American passenger steamer Valencia collides with a reef in heavy seas off Vancouver Island . Because of the bad weather conditions and the churned sea, rescue ships cannot do anything for the castaways. 136 people are killed. It is one of the worst shipping accidents in the Pacific Northwest .
- August 4: The Italian passenger steamer Sirio rams a reef off Cabo de Palos on the south coast of Spain, capsizes and sinks within a few minutes. 442 passengers and crew drown. It is one of the greatest tragedies in the history of Italian steam navigation.
- November 18: In the collision of the ferry Dix with the schooner Jeanie , 45 people, more than half of the people on board the Dix , are killed in Puget Sound .
Collapse of structures
- March 10: A coal dust explosion triggers the Courrières mining disaster in northern France, killing 1,099 people, including numerous children. The force of the explosion damaged headframes and shafts . Around 600 miners trapped underground can be rescued in the next few weeks. It is the worst mining accident in the history of Europe. At the funerals there were protests against the operating company, which was accused of deliberately delaying the opening of the blocked shafts in order to limit the deposit losses.
- April 4th: 24 days after the great Courrières mining disaster , the last survivor, Auguste Berton, is rescued.
- April 5: The Hirsch disaster occurs while an attempt is made to raise the “Hirsch” inn in Nagold, killing over 50 people. The responsible building contractor Erasmus Rückgauer was sentenced to six months in prison in October.
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .
nature and environment
- September 24th: President Theodore Roosevelt designates the Devils Tower as the first national monument in the United States under the new Antiquities Act .
Sports
- April 22nd: Crown Prince Constantine of Greece opens the Olympic Intermediate Games in Athens , which the International Olympic Committee has not yet recognized as the official Summer Olympic Games , although they were very conducive to the Olympic idea. They last until May 2nd. The most successful country at the Games was France with 40 medals, the most successful athlete was the Swiss marksman Louis-Marcel Richardet . Some of the ceremonies still in use today, such as the invasion of the nations , go back to these games.
- April 30th: Students of today's Johann-Conrad-Schlaun-Gymnasium found the SC Preußen 06 e. V. Munster .
- May 6: Ten automobiles take part in the first Targa Florio , a long-distance race on public mountain roads in Sicily. The winner is the Italian Alessandro Cagno .
- June 13: The Polish sports club KS Cracovia is founded in Krakow .
- June 26th: First Grand Prix race in Le Mans ; the winner reaches 101 km / h
- July 1: The Portuguese sports club Sporting Lisbon ( Sporting Lisboa ) is founded.
- September 30th: On the initiative of sports enthusiast James Gordon Bennett junior , the Coupe Aéronautique Gordon Bennett , a race for gas balloons , is held in Paris for the first time .
- December 3: The Italian football club FC Turin is founded.
For entries of athletics world records, see the respective discipline under athletics .
Nobel Prizes
price | person | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nobel Price for physics |
Joseph John Thomson (1856-1940) |
United Kingdom | "In recognition of the great merit he has earned through his theoretical and experimental investigations into the passage of electricity through gases" | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry |
Henri Moissan (1852-1907) |
France | "In recognition of the great merit he has earned through his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine and through the introduction of the electric furnace named after him in the service of science" | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
Camillo Golgi (1843 or 1844–1926) |
Kingdom of Italy | "In recognition of her work on the structure of the nervous system " | |
Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934) |
Spain | |||
Nobel Prize in literature |
Giosuè Carducci (1835–1907) |
Kingdom of Italy (born in Valdicastello , Grand Duchy of Tuscany ) | "Not only in recognition of his rich erudition and his critical research, but above all as a tribute to the plastic energy, the freshness of the style and the lyrical power that characterize his poetic masterpieces" | |
Nobel Peace Prize |
Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) |
United States | mediated the peace treaty between Russia and Japan in 1905 |
Born
January
- Emanuel Larisch , German politician and resistance fighter against National Socialism († 1944) January 1:
- Lothar König , German Jesuit and active in the resistance against National Socialism († 1946) January 3:
- William Wilson Morgan , American astronomer († 1994) January 3:
- Stefan Rachoń , Polish violinist and conductor († 2001) January 4th:
- Walter Reuter , German photographer and resistance fighter, fighter from Spain († 2005) January 4th:
- Jean-Georges Branche , French racing car driver († 1973) January 5:
- Wild Bill Davison , American jazz cornetist († 1989) January 5:
- Matsumoto Takashi , Japanese writer († 1956) January 5:
- Hans Berger , German boxer († 1973) January 6th:
- Eberhard Wolfgang Möller , German writer and playwright († 1972) January 6:
- Arie van der Pluym , Dutch motorcycle racer († 1934) January 6th:
- George Ledyard Stebbins , American biologist, botanist († 2000) January 6:
- Karl Bruckner , Austrian writer († 1982) January 9:
- January 10: Edmund Collein , German architect († 1992)
- January 11: Albert Hofmann , Swiss chemist, discoverer of LSD († 2008)
- January 12: Emmanuel Levinas , French philosopher († 1995)
- January 13: Vitaly Abalakov , Soviet mountaineer († 1986)
- January 13: Zhou Youguang , Chinese linguist († 2017)
- January 14: William Bendix , American actor († 1964)
- January 15: Aristotle Onassis , Greek shipowner († 1975)
- January 15: Alessandro Cicognini , Italian film composer († 1995)
- January 17: Guillermo Stábile , Argentinian football player († 1966)
- January 18: Hans Aeschbacher , Swiss painter and sculptor († 1980)
- January 19: Heinz Ansmann , German banker († 1999)
- January 19: Lilian Harvey , German actress and singer († 1968)
- January 21: Károly Bolberitz , Hungarian engineer († 1978)
- January 21: Igor Moissejew , Russian ballet dancer and choreographer († 2007)
- January 22: Robert E. Howard , American fantasy writer († 1936)
- January 23: Erwin Bünning , German botanist and plant physiologist († 1990)
- January 24: Howell Glynne , Welsh opera singer and vocal teacher († 1969)
- January 25: Toni Ulmen , German motorcycle and automobile racing driver († 1976)
- January 26: Guglielmo Sandri Italian automobile and motorcycle racing driver († 1961)
- January 27: Matthias Auckenthaler , Austrian alpinist († 1936)
- January 27: Karl Ludwig Gerok , German organist, composer and author († 1975)
- January 27: Radamés Gnattali , Brazilian musician and composer († 1988)
- January 29: Heinrich Bredt , German doctor († 1989)
- January 30th: Carl Merz , Austrian cabaret artist and writer († 1979)
- January 31: Benjamin Frankel , British composer († 1973)
- January 31: Roosevelt Sykes , American blues musician († 1983)
February
- Edwin Rausch , German psychologist and Gestalt theorist († 1994) February 1:
- Hildegarde Sell , American cabaret singer († 2005) February 1:
- LeRoy Hagen Anderson , American politician († 1991) February 2:
- Felix Lützkendorf , German screenwriter († 1990) February 2:
- Egidio Vagnozzi , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1980) February 2:
- George Adamson , British naturalist († 1989) February 3:
- Ludvig Nielsen , Norwegian composer and organist († 2001) February 3:
- Clyde Tombaugh , American astronomer († 1997) February 4:
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer , German Protestant theologian and resistance fighter († 1945) February 4:
- Sabine Bonhoeffer , twin sister of Dietrich Bonhoeffer († 1999) February 4:
- Urbain-Marie Person , Ethiopian Bishop († 1994) February 4:
- John Carradine , American actor († 1988) February 5:
- Sara Alexandrovna Levina , Russian composer († 1976) February 5:
- Tommy Wisdom , British racing driver and journalist († 1972) February 6:
- Oleg Konstantinowitsch Antonow , Soviet aircraft designer († 1984) February 7th:
- Puyi , last emperor of China († 1967) February 7th:
- Franz Andrysek , Austrian weightlifter († 1981) February 8:
- Artur Balsam , American pianist and music teacher († 1994) February 8:
- Chester Carlson , American inventor, physicist and patent attorney († 1968) February 8:
- Henry Roth , American writer († 1995) February 8:
- Richard Hofmann , German soccer player († 1983) February 8:
- André Kostolany , American financial expert, journalist and writer († 1999) February 9:
- February 11: Yves Baudrier , French composer († 1988)
- February 10: Lon Chaney junior , American film and television actor († 1973)
- February 14: Maurice de Gandillac , French philosopher († 2006)
- February 15: Reinhard Schober , German forest scientist († 1998)
- February 16: John Frank Akers , American botanist († 1967)
- February 16: Vera Menchik , chess player († 1944)
- February 18: Hans Asperger , Austrian pediatrician († 1980)
- February 19: Richard Groschopp , director and cameraman († 1996)
- February 20: Gale Gordon , American actor († 1995)
- February 22: Aurelio Arturo Martínez , Colombian writer and poet († 1974)
- February 22nd: Egano Righi-Lambertini , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 2000)
- February 23: Sámal Joensen-Mikines , Faroese painter († 1979)
- February 24: Berthold Margrave of Baden , head of the House of Baden († 1963)
- February 25: Boris Papandopulo , Croatian composer and conductor († 1991)
- February 25: Warren Hymer , American actor († 1948)
- February 25: Helene Jacobs , resistance fighter against National Socialism († 1993)
- February 26th: Hans Bertram , German aviation pioneer, aerial photo publisher, film director († 1993)
- February 26: Heinz Gemein , German politician († 1958)
- February 27: Milo Barus , strength athlete († 1977)
- February 27: Erwin Damerow , German sculptor († 1978)
- February 27: Erich Kern , Austrian writer and publicist († 1991)
March
- Paul August , German painter and graphic artist († 1980) March 2:
- Blind Teddy Darby , American blues guitarist and singer († 1975) March 2:
- Barney Bigard , American jazz clarinetist († 1980) March 3:
- Herbert Arndt , German lawyer and judge († 1988) March 4:
- Jacques Companéez , French screenwriter († 1956) March 5:
- Lou Costello , American actor, producer and comedian († 1959) March 6:
- Lucy Hillebrand , German architect († 1997) March 6:
- Alejandro García Caturla , Cuban composer († 1940) March 7:
- Heinz Rein , German writer († 1991) March 9:
- March 10: Maurice Solway , Canadian violinist, composer and music teacher († 2001)
- March 11: Beppo Brem , German actor († 1990)
- March 11: Ferid Alnar , Turkish composer († 1978)
- March 11: Zino Davidoff , Ukrainian-Swiss entrepreneur († 1994)
- March 11: Rudolf Freisleben , German botanist and geneticist († 1943)
- March 11: Pierre Grosheintz , Swiss civil servant († 1992)
- March 13: Fritz Adam , German journalist and poet († 1945)
- March 13: Isidor Markowitsch Annenski , Soviet director († 1977)
- March 13: Bum Krüger , German actor († 1971)
- March 14: Rodolfo Biagi , Argentine tango musician († 1969)
- March 14: Ulvi Cemal Erkin , Turkish composer († 1972)
- March 15: Henry Tröndle , German cyclist († 1991)
- March 16: Francisco Ayala , Spanish writer and sociologist († 2009)
- March 16: Anne Dittmer , German painter and book illustrator († 1964)
- March 16: Buddy Starcher , American country musician († 2001)
- March 16: Lloyd Waner , American baseball player († 1982)
- March 17th: Brigitte Helm , German actress († 1996)
- March 18: Karl Sesta , Austrian football player († 1974)
- March 19: Adolf Eichmann , SS-Obersturmbannführer († 1962)
- March 19: Normand Lockwood , American composer and music teacher († 2002)
- March 20: Abraham D. Beame , American politician († 2001)
- March 20: Johann Friedrich Crome , German classical archaeologist († 1962)
- March 23: Viktor Afritsch , Austrian theater and film actor († 1967)
- March 23: José Della Torre , Argentinian football player and coach († 1979)
- March 23: Lea Grundig , German painter and graphic artist († 1977)
- March 23: Walter Eckhardt , German politician († 1994)
- March 24: Bob Adler , American actor († 1987)
- March 25: Jean Sablon , French chansonnier († 1994)
- March 26th: Hubert Ebner , German cyclist († 1990)
- March 26: Herbert Günther , German writer and poet († 1978)
- March 26: Curley Weaver , American blues guitarist and singer († 1962)
- March 27: Cecil Purdy , Australian chess player († 1979)
- March 28: Murray Adaskin , Canadian composer and conductor († 2002)
- March 28: Boleslaw Barlog , German theater director († 1999)
- March 31: Bernhard Welte , theologian and philosopher († 1983)
- March 31: Marianne Frostig , social worker, teacher and psychologist († 1985)
- March 31: Shin'ichirō Tomonaga , Japanese physicist († 1979)
- March 31: Vinzenz Erath , German narrator († 1976)
April
- Josef Giggenbach , German motorcycle racer († 1980) April 1:
- Lucette Descaves , French pianist († 1993) April 1:
- Alexander S. Jakowlew , Soviet aircraft designer († 1989) April 1:
- Muriel Stafford , Canadian organist, choir director and music teacher († 2004) April 1:
- Charles Vincent Aubrun , French Romance philologist and Hispanist († 1993) April 4:
- Albert Meier , auditor and honorary professor at the University of Frankfurt am Main († 1974) April 4:
- Fernando Germani , Italian organist, composer and organ teacher († 1998) April 5:
- Willi Kohlhoff , German illustrator and comic artist († 1988) April 7:
- Antal Doráti , Hungarian-American conductor († 1988) April 9:
- Victor Vasarely , French painter and graphic artist of Hungarian origin († 1997) April 9:
- April 10: Stephen Eugene Anderson , American hurdler († 1988)
- April 10: Philipp Wehr , German politician († 1960)
- April 11: Renato Cesarini , Italian-Argentine football player and coach († 1969)
- April 11: Dale Messick , American comic artist († 2005)
- April 12: Feliks Rączkowski , Polish organist, composer and music teacher († 1989)
- April 13: Samuel Beckett , Irish writer, Nobel Prize for Literature († 1989)
- April 13: Bud Freeman , American tenor saxophonist († 1991)
- April 17: Rudolf Schündler , German actor and director († 1988)
- April 18: Rudolf Vogel , German politician († 1991)
- April 19: Luis Alberti , Dominican merengue composer († 1976)
- April 19: Alois Brems , Catholic Bishop of Eichstätt († 1987)
- April 19: Ludwig Claussen , German politician († 1974)
- April 22: Anna Maria Bieganowski , German politician († 1986)
- April 22nd: Eddie Albert , American actor († 2005)
- April 23: Wilhelm Adam , German district administrator († 1989)
- April 23: Jorge Pelikan , Czech-Argentine chess master († 1984)
- April 24th: Hermann Kohlhase , German politician († 2002)
- April 24: William Joyce , American fascist politician († 1946)
- April 26: Renate Müller , German actress and singer († 1937)
- April 27: Hermann Mörchen , German philosopher, religious and literary scholar († 1990)
- April 28: Anthony Joseph Accardo , American mobster († 1992)
- April 28: Nikolai Alexandrovich Astrov , Russian engineer († 1992)
- April 28: Bart J. Bok , Dutch-American astronomer († 1983)
- April 28: Kurt Gödel , Austrian mathematician and logician († 1978)
- April 28: Paul Sacher , Swiss conductor and patron († 1999)
- April 28th: Pierre Boileau , French crime novelist († 1989)
- April 28: Richard Rado , German mathematician († 1989)
- April 29: Gustava Aigner , Austrian geologist and paleontologist († 1987)
- April 29: Akhmet Schubanow , Kazakh composer († 1968)
- April 30: Philip Lindsay , Australian writer († 1958)
- Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz , Saudi Arabian King († 1975) April:
May
- Horst Schumann , German doctor, involved in human experiments in Auschwitz concentration camp († 1983) May 1:
- Wolfgang Abendroth , German political scientist († 1985) May 2:
- Philippe Halsman , German-American photographer († 1979) May 2:
- Hans-Günther Sohl , German industrial manager († 1989) May 2:
- Kenneth Morgan Abbott , American classical philologist († 1988) May 3:
- Mary Astor , American actress († 1987) May 3:
- Peter Lühr , German actor († 1988) May 3:
- Leopold Arnsperger , German businessman († 1975) May 4:
- Gustav Bergmann , Austrian scientific theorist († 1987) May 4:
- Alf Andersen , Norwegian ski jumper († 1975) May 5th:
- Primo Angeli , Italian jazz and entertainment musician († 2003) May 5:
- Waldemar Bloch , Austrian composer, pianist and music teacher († 1984) May 5:
- William Trulock Beeks , American lawyer († 1988) May 6:
- Fritz Katzmann , German Lieutenant General of the Waffen SS and war criminal († 1957) May 6:
- André Weil , French mathematician († 1998) x May 6:
- Adolf Mauk , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 1983) May 8:
- Roberto Rossellini , Italian director († 1977) May 8:
- Reinhard Cherubim , German chess player, chess journalist, chess official († 1980) May 9:
- May 12: Maurice Ewing , American physicist († 1974)
- May 12: Yamashita Katsuji , Professor of Business Administration († 1969)
- May 12: Aurel von Milloss , Hungarian-Italian dancer, choreographer and ballet director († 1988)
- May 13: Enid A. Haupt , American philanthropist († 2005)
- May 15: Humberto Delgado , Portuguese general and politician († 1965)
- May 16: Arturo Uslar Pietri , Venezuelan writer, diplomat and politician († 2001)
- May 17: Zinka Milanov , Croatian opera singer (soprano) († 1989)
- May 18: Frederick Zimmermann , American double bass player and music teacher († 1967)
- May 19: Edward F. Arn , American lawyer and politician († 1998)
- May 19: Gerd Bucerius , German publisher and politician († 1995)
- May 20: Valentine Ackland , British poet († 1969)
- May 20: Ellen Auerbach , German-American photo artist († 2004)
- May 20: Giuseppe Siri , Italian cardinal († 1989)
- May 25: Cele Abba , Italian theater and film actress († 1992)
- May 26th: Kurt Reuber , German doctor who became known through the Stalingrad Madonna († 1944)
- May 26: Mauri Rose , American racing car driver († 1981)
- May 27: Buddhadasa , Buddhist monk († 1993)
- May 27: Guiscardo Améndola , Uruguayan visual artist and painter († 1972)
- May 27: Wilhelm Gefeller , German trade unionist († 1983)
- May 27: Friedrich Messerschmidt , German motorcycle racer († 1929)
- May 27: Charles Moran , American entrepreneur and racing car driver († 1978)
- May 28: Wolf Albach-Retty , Austrian actor († 1967)
- May 29: Paul Almásy , French reportage photographer († 2003)
- May 29: TH White , English writer († 1964)
- May 30th: Bruno Gröning , controversial spiritual healer († 1959)
- May 30: Rudolf Hasse , German racing car driver († 1942)
- May 30th: Josef August Senge , German factory worker who was murdered in the Hadamar killing center as part of "Operation T4" († 1941)
June
- Erwin Heinz Ackerknecht , German politician († 1988) June 1:
- Andria Balantschiwadze , Georgian composer († 1992) June 1:
- Charles-Émile Gadbois , Canadian clergyman, music publisher and composer († 1981) June 1:
- Carlo Scarpa , Italian architect († 1978) June 2:
- Josephine Baker , American dancer, singer and actress († 1975) June 3:
- Erich Marx , German cross-country skier June 3:
- Iwan Lyudwigowitsch Knunjanz , Soviet chemist († 1990) June 4:
- Alice Treff , German actress († 2003) June 4th:
- Eraldo Monzeglio , Italian football player and coach († 1981) June 5:
- Stu Clancy , American football player († 1965) June 6:
- Hans Sachse , German doctor and Goethe researcher († 1985) June 6:
- Max August Zorn , American Professor of Mathematics († 1993) June 6:
- Alexandre-Charles Renard , Archbishop of Lyon and Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1983) June 7:
- Rudolf Metzmacher , German cellist († 2004) June 9:
- Bernhard Rösler , entrepreneur from the Lower Rhine († 1973) June 9:
- June 10: Heinrich Heidersberger , German artist of photography († 2006)
- June 10: János Viski , Hungarian composer († 1961)
- June 10: Mário Corino de Andrade , Portuguese neurologist († 2005)
- June 11: Jan Hoffman , Polish pianist and music teacher († 1995)
- June 11: Leo Steinweg , German motorcycle racer († 1945)
- June 12: Sandro Penna , Italian poet and narrator († 1977)
- June 14: Kurt Apitz , German pathologist and university professor († 1945)
- June 15: E. Preston Ames , American art director and production designer († 1983)
- June 15: Reinhard Aschenbrenner , German internist († 2008)
- June 15: Léon Degrelle , Belgian fascist († 1994)
- June 17th: Oswald Baer , Austrian painter of the New Objectivity († 1941)
- June 17: Thomas George Cowling , British astronomer and mathematician († 1990)
- June 17th: Roider Jackl , Bavarian folk singer († 1975)
- June 17th: Percy Legard , British pentathlete, Nordic combined athlete and officer († 1980)
- June 18: Anton Stankowski , German graphic artist († 1998)
- June 19: Heinz Arnold , German opera director and university lecturer († 1994)
- June 19: Ernst Boris Chain , British-German biochemist († 1979)
- June 19: Joachim Schöne , German politician († 1967)
- June 20: Stanley Burnshaw , American poet, critic, publisher, editor and author († 2005)
- June 21: Nusch Éluard , German-French actress, model and surrealist muse († 1946)
- June 21: Grete Sultan , German-American pianist († 2005)
- June 22: E. Maurice Adler , American film producer and screenwriter († 1960)
- June 22nd: Anne Morrow Lindbergh , wife, copilot and navigator of Charles A Lindbergh († 2001)
- June 22nd: Billy Wilder , American screenwriter, director and producer († 2002)
- June 22nd: Heinrich Seetzen , member of the Main Security Office / RSHA († 1945)
- June 23: Norah Docker , British millionaire wife († 1983)
- June 23: Arseni Grigoryevich Golowko , Soviet admiral († 1962)
- June 23: Albert Lieven , German actor († 1971)
- June 23: Johann Maier , cathedral preacher in Regensburg and Nazi victim († 1945)
- June 23: Josef Spies , German politician († 1985)
- June 23: Rolf Singer , mycologist († 1994)
- June 23: Wolfgang Koeppen , German writer († 1996)
- June 24th: Hans Jaray , Austrian chamber actor, director and author († 1990)
- June 24th: Pierre Fournier , French cellist († 1986)
- June 25: Heinrich Heesch , German mathematician († 1995)
- June 26: Edward Akufo-Addo , President of Ghana († 1979)
- June 26: Stefan Andres , German writer († 1970)
- June 26: Sigfried Asche , German art historian and museum director († 1985)
- June 26: Al Stillman , American songwriter († 1979)
- June 27: Günther Bartels , German motorcycle racer († 1983)
- June 27: Vernon Phillips Watkins , Welsh poet († 1967)
- June 28: Maria Goeppert-Mayer , German-American physicist († 1972)
- June 29: Engelbert Rehling , German Catholic clergyman and missionary († 1976)
- June 30th: Anthony Mann , American film director († 1967)
July
- Jean Dieudonné , French mathematician († 1992) July 1:
- Hans Bethe , American physicist and Nobel Prize winner († 2005) July 2:
- Carmen Mory , Gestapo agent, block elder in the Ravensbrück concentration camp († 1947) July 2:
- Jan Petersen , German writer († 1969) July 2:
- George Sanders , British actor († 1972) July 3:
- Hilde Körber , Austrian actress († 1969) July 3:
- Vero Wynne-Edwards , British zoologist, founder of ecology († 1997) July 4th:
- Vincent Joseph Schaefer , American chemist and meteorologist († 1993) July 4:
- Wilhelm Prince of Prussia , Prussian Prince († 1940) July 4th:
- John Crammond , British skeleton athlete and sailor († 1978) July 5:
- René König , German sociologist († 1992) July 5:
- Colette Audry , French writer, dramaturge and screenwriter († 1990) July 6:
- Cuth Harrison , British Formula 1 racing driver († 1981) July 6:
- Anton Karas , Austrian composer and musician († 1985) July 7th:
- William Feller , mathematician († 1970) July 7:
- Hans Fleischer , German politician († 1984) July 7th:
- Lydia Gottschewski , German National Socialist († 1989) July 8:
- Philip Johnson , American architect († 2005) July 8:
- Baptista Siqueira , Brazilian musicologist and composer († 1992) July 8:
- Max Strecker , German actor († 1991) July 8:
- Luise Glowinski-Taubert , German painter († 1988) July 9:
- Elisabeth Lutyens , British composer († 1983) July 9:
- July 11: Herbert Wehner , German politician († 1990)
- July 11: Harry von Zell , American radio and television announcer, actor and singer († 1981)
- July 12: Ernst Käsemann , Lutheran theologian and university professor († 1998)
- July 13: Jack Chertok , American film and television producer († 1995)
- July 14: Dillon Anderson , American lawyer († 1974)
- July 15: Karl Golzo , German rower
- July 15: Rudolf Uhlenhaut , German engineer, designer and later board member of Mercedes-Benz († 1989)
- July 16: Irma Lippert , German photographer and painter († unknown)
- July 16: Vincent Sherman , American director († 2006)
- July 17: Theodor Hupfauer , last Reich Labor Minister during the Nazi era († 1993)
- July 18: Clifford Odets , North American playwright, screenwriter and actor († 1963)
- July 19: Fritz Corterier , German politician and member of the Bundestag († 1991)
- July 20: Heinz Ludwig Hermann Krekeler , German physical chemist, politician and ambassador († 2003)
- July 21: Annelies Kupper , German opera singer († 1987)
- July 21: Daniel Ayala Pérez , Mexican composer († 1975)
- July 22: Alfred Burgemeister , German politician († 1970)
- July 23: Walter Artelt , German doctor, dentist and medical historian († 1976+)
- July 23: Vladimir Prelog , Bosnian-Croatian chemist († 1998)
- July 23: Walter Blume , German lawyer and SS-Standartenführer († 1974)
- July 23: Wolfgang Gentner , German physicist († 1980)
- July 24th: Clemens Wilmenrod , first German TV chef († 1967)
- July 24th: Gianfranco Comotti , Italian racing driver († 1963)
- July 25: John Cornelius Hodges , alto saxophonist († 1970)
- July 26: Leonhard Jansen , German writer († 1997)
- July 27: Herbert Jasper , Canadian neuroscientist († 1999)
- July 27: Gustav Wellenstein , German zoologist and forest scientist († 1997)
- July 28: Gottlob Frick , German opera singer († 1994)
- July 28: Heinz Ludwig , German painter, graphic artist and comic strip artist († 1970)
- July 29th: Thelma Todd , American actress († 1935)
- July 30: Alex Thépot , French football player († 1989)
- July 30th: Richard Krebs , German athlete († 1996)
August
- John H. Auer , American director and producer († 1975) August 3:
- Hans Max von Aufseß , German writer († 1993) August 4th:
- Marie José of Belgium , last Queen of Italy († 2001) August 4th:
- Robert Mazaud , French racing car driver († 1946) August 4:
- Eugen Schuhmacher , German zoologist and animal film pioneer († 1973) August 4th:
- Joan Hickson , British actress († 1998) August 5th:
- John Huston , American film director († 1987) August 5:
- Gerhard Frommel , German composer and music teacher († 1984) August 7:
- Nelson Goodman , American philosopher († 1998) August 7:
- Eberhard Brünen , German politician († 1980) August 8:
- Ernst Anrich , German historian († 2001) August 9:
- Franz Jacob , German communist and resistance fighter († 1944) August 9:
- Raynald Martin , Swiss Protestant clergyman († 1998) August 9:
- August 10: Wilhelm Kempf , Catholic clergyman and Bishop of Limburg († 1982)
- August 10: Herybert Menzel , German poet and writer († 1945)
- August 11th: Karl Hoffmann , German rower
- August 11: Paul Wirth , Sorbian Slavist and linguist († 1946)
- August 12: Erich Bachem , German engineer and designer († 1960)
- August 12: Berkeley L. Bunker , American politician († 1999)
- August 12: Harry Hopman , Australian tennis player († 1985)
- August 13: Hans Schaefer , German physician and co-founder of the Max Planck Society († 2000)
- August 14: Ernst Hermann Ackermann , German geologist († 2003)
- August 14: Horst P. Horst , American photographer († 1999)
- August 14: Eugene Lukacs , American mathematician of Hungarian origin († 1987)
- August 14: Elsa Piaggio , Argentine pianist and music teacher († 1993)
- August 14: Earl Snakehips Tucker , American dancer and entertainer († 1937)
- August 14: Bruno Six , German politician († 1984)
- August 14: Dino Staffa , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1977)
- August 15: Edouard Burnier , Swiss Protestant theologian and university professor († 1990)
- August 15: Clemens Laar , German writer († 1960)
- August 16: George Connor , American racing driver († 2001)
- August 16: Pedro Galindo , Mexican singer, composer, actor and film producer († 1989)
- August 16: Franz Josef II , Prince of and zu Liechtenstein († 1989)
- August 17th: Marcelo Caetano , Portuguese dictator († 1980)
- August 17: Alton Asa Lennon , American politician († 1986)
- August 17: Eduard Strauch , SS, Security Police and SD commander and war criminal († 1955)
- August 18: Marcel Carné , French film director († 1996)
- August 19: Carlos Arévalo , Spanish director († 1989)
- August 19: Philo Farnsworth , American inventor († 1971)
- August 20: Henry Austin , English tennis player († 2000)
- August 20: Hans Aumeier , German war criminal († 1948)
- August 21: Friz Freleng , American cartoonist and film producer († 1995)
- August 21: Elizabeth AH Green , American music teacher, conductor and composer († 1995)
- August 23: Zoltán Sárosy , Hungarian-Canadian chess player († 2017)
- August 24: Józef Michał Chomiński , Polish musicologist († 1994)
- August 25: Eugen Gerstenmaier , Protestant theologian, resistance fighter and politician († 1986)
- August 26: Oswald Kaduk , SS-Unterscharführer and Rapportführer in Auschwitz († 1997)
- August 26: Albert Sabin , doctor, virologist, developer of the oral polio vaccine († 1993)
- August 27: Ed Gein , American serial killer († 1984)
- August 27: Ludwig Wenz , German football player († 1968)
- August 28: John Betjeman , British publicist, journalist and poet († 1984)
- August 28: Louis Parrot , French poet, essayist, journalist and translator († 1948)
- August 29: Ingo Braecklein , Bishop of the Evangelical Church of Thuringia († 2001)
- August 29: Sepp Müller , German motorcycle racer († 1963)
- August 30th: Maurice Archambaud , French cyclist († 1955)
- August 30: Hedwig Pistorius , Austrian actress († 2004)
- August 31: Raymond Sommer , French racing car driver († 1950)
September
- Joaquín Balaguer , writer and head of state of the Dominican Republic († 2002) September 1:
- Winston L. Prouty , American politician († 1971) September 1:
- Aksel Schiøtz , Danish singer and music teacher († 1975) September 1:
- Max Delbrück , German-American geneticist and biophysicist († 1981) September 4:
- Alexander Moyzes , Slovak composer († 1984) September 4:
- Wayne D. Overholser , American western writer († 1996) September 4:
- Dixie Boy Jordan , American country musician († 1987) September 5:
- Peter Mieg , Swiss composer, painter and writer († 1990) September 5:
- Karl Andres , German ministerial official († 1996) September 6:
- Nicolae Buicliu , Romanian composer and music teacher († 1974) September 6:
- Justiniano Torres Aparicio , Argentine doctor, archeologist, composer, musicologist and author († 1992) September 6:
- Luis Federico Leloir , Argentine biochemist († 1987) September 6:
- Max Müller , German philosopher († 1994) September 6:
- Paul Debes , Buddhist († 2004) September 8:
- Fritz Schilgen , German athlete († 2005) September 8:
- Kurt Janetzky , German horn player († 1994) September 9:
- Weldon Kilburn , Canadian pianist, organist and music teacher († 1986) September 9:
- Harri Larva , Finnish middle-distance runner and Olympic champion († 1980) September 9:
- Richard Lawrence , American bobsledder († 1974) September 9:
- September 11th: Ernst Lehmann , Sudeten German nationality fighter and co-founder of the Witikobund († 1990)
- September 11th: Gustav Seitz , German sculptor and draftsman († 1969)
- September 12: Georges Posener , French Egyptologist († 1988)
- September 12: Gerhard Winkler , German composer of light music († 1977)
- September 14th: Georg Abeler , German master goldsmith, watchmaker and founder of the Wuppertal watch museum († 1981)
- September 15: Jacques Becker , French film director († 1960)
- September 17th: Gerhard Gregor , German organist and pianist († 1981)
- September 17: Junius Richard Jayawardene , Sinhalese politician in Sri Lanka († 1996)
- September 18: Julio Rosales y Ras , Archbishop of Cebu and Cardinal († 1983)
- September 19: Anna Amalie Abert , German musicologist († 1996)
- September 19: Carla Hansen , Danish writer († 2001)
- September 19: Dalibor Vačkář , Czech composer († 1984)
- September 20: Philip Stuart Milner-Barry , British chess master († 1995)
- September 20: Ishizuka Tomoji , Japanese writer († 1986)
- September 22: Ilse Koch , wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, Karl Otto Koch († 1967)
- September 22nd: Gustav Schäfer , German rower and Olympic champion († 1991)
- September 24: Michael Jary , German composer († 1988)
- September 24th: Erwin Sutz , Swiss Protestant clergyman († 1987)
- September 25: Alo Altripp , German painter and graphic artist († 1991)
- September 25: Madeleine Bourdouxhe , Belgian writer († 1996)
- September 25: Dmitri Shostakovich , Soviet composer († 1975)
- September 25: Hendrik Leendert Heijkoop († 1995), Dutch tax advisor, preacher, Bible teacher and author of the Brethren movement
- September 29: Henry Nash Smith , American cultural and literary scholar († 1986)
- September 29: Charles Wolcott , American music director, composer and film composer († 1987)
- September 30th: Michael Innes , Scottish crime novelist († 1994)
October
- Evelyn Holt , German actress († 2001) October 3:
- Eitel Cantoni , racing car driver from Uruguay († 1997) October 4:
- Ciro Versiani dos Anjos , Brazilian lawyer, journalist and writer († 1994) October 5:
- Janet Gaynor , American actress († 1984) October 6:
- Waldemar von Knoeringen , German politician († 1971) October 6:
- Laura Adani , Italian actress († 1996) October 7th:
- James Edwin Webb , NASA administrator (1961–1968) († 1992) October 7:
- Ferdinand Fabra , German soccer coach († 2007) October 8:
- Tex Irvin , American football player († 1978) October 9:
- Jānis Ivanovs , Latvian composer († 1983) October 9:
- Oswald Malura , German painter († 2003) October 9:
- Sayyid Qutb , theoretician of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood († 1966) October 9:
- Wolfgang Staudte , German film director († 1984) October 9:
- October 10: Paul Creston , American musician and composer († 1985)
- October 10: Klaus Mehnert , German scientist and writer († 1984)
- October 10: Nikolai Michailow , Soviet-Russian journalist, diplomat and politician († 1982)
- October 11: Walther Abel , German classical philologist († 1987)
- October 11: Earl Clark , American football player and coach († 1978)
- October 11: Herbert Volwahsen , German sculptor († 1988)
- October 12: Anderl Heckmair , German mountaineer and guide († 2005)
- October 12: Elise Riesel , Austrian linguist († 1989)
- October 12: Piero Taruffi , Italian Formula 1 racing driver († 1988)
- October 12: Julio Tahier , Argentine writer and director († 2004)
- October 13: Karl Holzamer , German philosopher, educator and former director of ZDF († 2007)
- October 14: Hannah Arendt , political scientist and philosopher († 1975)
- October 14: Hassan al-Banna , Egyptian teacher and founder of the Muslim Brotherhood († 1949)
- October 14: Hubertus Prince zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg , German politician and journalist († 1984)
- October 14: Rafael Rodríguez Colón , Dominican medic, politician and musician (year of death unknown)
- October 15: Juan Pablo Miranda , Cuban flautist and composer († 1986)
- October 16: Dino Buzzati , Italian writer († 1972)
- October 16: León Klimovsky , Argentine director and screenwriter († 1996)
- October 17th: Hans Haas , Austrian weightlifter and Olympic champion († 1973)
- October 17: Franz Klafböck , Austrian politician († 1969)
- October 18: Hermann Danz , KPD politician and resistance fighter against National Socialism († 1945)
- October 20: Sakaguchi Ango , Japanese narrator and essayist († 1955)
- October 21: Lillian Gertrud Asplund , American survivor of the Titanic disaster († 2006)
- October 21: Varise Connor , American Cajun musician (fiddle player) († 1994)
- October 21: Tomojiro Ikenouchi , Japanese composer and music teacher († 1991)
- October 22: Fritz Cremer , German sculptor, Vice President of the Academy of Arts of the GDR († 1993)
- October 22: Kees van Baaren , Dutch composer and music teacher († 1970)
- October 24: Marie-Louise von Motesiczky , Austrian expressionist painter († 1996)
- October 24: Nils Västhagen , Professor of Business Administration († 1965)
- October 26: Primo Carnera , Italian heavyweight boxer († 1967)
- October 28: John P. Austin , American production designer († 1997)
- October 28: Claus-Joachim von Heydebreck , German politician († 1985)
- October 29: Franziska Bilek , German draftsman and caricaturist († 1991)
- October 30: Giuseppe Farina , first Formula 1 world champion († 1966)
- October 30: Hermann Fegelein , soldier and officer in the Waffen SS († 1945)
- October 31: Emil Bettgenhäuser , German politician and Member of the Parliament († 1982)
- October 31: Lilo Linke , German writer and reporter († 1963)
- October 31: Sigfrit Steiner , Swiss actor and director († 1988)
November
- Gwendolyn Koldofsky , Canadian pianist and music teacher († 1998) November 1:
- Daniil Leonidowitsch Andrejew , Russian writer and poet († 1959) November 2:
- Luchino Visconti , Italian writer, theater and film director († 1976) November 2:
- Ruth Hellberg , German actress († 2001) November 2:
- Hermann Herbold , German rower († 1985) November 3:
- Alma Rosé , Austrian violinist († 1944) November 3:
- Judith Andrée-Hanslik , Austrian philologist († 1951) November 4:
- Siegfried Borris , German composer and music teacher († 1987) November 4:
- Arnold Cooke , British composer († 2005) November 4th:
- Jean Filliozat , French medic († 1982) November 4th:
- Bernhard Günther , German politician († 1981) November 4:
- Rudolf Jahn , Prime Minister of the State of Brandenburg († 1990) November 4:
- Sterling North , American writer († 1974) November 4:
- Ulrich Steinmann , German folklorist († 1983) November 4:
- Rolf von Goth , German actor and radio play director († 1981) November 5:
- Fred Whipple , American astronomer († 2004) November 5:
- Karl Schuke , German organ builder († 1987) November 6th:
- Nikolaos Pantelis Andriotis , Greek linguist and Neo-Greekist († 1976) November 8:
- Ton Kotter , Dutch composer and conductor († 1991) November 9:
- November 10: Robert Huber , German rower († 1942)
- November 10: Josef Kramer , concentration camp commandant († 1945)
- November 11th: Georg Aumann , German mathematician († 1980)
- November 13: Gobulo Wanrong , last empress of the Qing dynasty in China, later Empress of Manchukuo († 1946)
- November 13: Willibald Kreß , German soccer player († 1989)
- November 14: Louise Brooks , American film actress († 1985)
- November 14: Lane Dwinell , American politician († 1997)
- November 16: Henri Charrière , French writer († 1973)
- November 16: Octavio Antonio Beras Rojas , Archbishop of Santo Domingo and Cardinal († 1990)
- November 17: Sōichirō Honda , Japanese entrepreneur († 1991)
- November 18: Sait Faik Abasıyanık , Turkish writer († 1954)
- November 18: Alec Issigonis , British automobile designer († 1988)
- November 18: George Wald , American physiologist and Nobel Prize winner († 1997)
- November 18: Guido Wieland , Austrian actor, director and operetta buffo († 1993)
- November 18: Klaus Mann , German writer († 1949)
- November 18: Ōta Yōko , Japanese writer († 1963)
- November 19: Lorenz Humburg , German painter and art teacher († 1994)
- November 19: Paul Cheikho , Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans († 1989)
- November 21: Alfred Nau , German politician († 1983)
- November 22: Jørgen Juve , Norwegian football player († 1983)
- November 23: Andrew C. Berry , American mathematician († 1998)
- November 23: Norman Culpan , British racing driver († 2005)
- November 23: Oscar Heiler , German actor and comedian († 1995)
- November 23: Kurt Neuwald , chairman of the regional association of Jewish communities in Westphalia-Lippe († 2001)
- November 23: Karl Otto Paetel , German journalist and publicist, National Bolshevik († 1975)
- November 24th: Conrad Hansen , German pianist († 2002)
- November 24th: Käthe Mitzlaff-Pahlke , German painter († 1970)
- November 25: Heinz Autenrieth , German lawyer († 1984)
- November 26: Leo Eino Aario , Finnish geographer and geologist († 1998)
- November 26: Heinz Frommhold , German politician († 1979)
- November 26: Maximilian zu Hardegg , Austrian nobleman and racing car driver († 1931)
- November 27: Hans Sylvius Hermann Maria von Aulock , German banker and numismatist († 1980)
- November 27: Kurt Lindner , German entrepreneur and hunting scientist († 1987)
- November 28: Dmitri Sergejewitsch Lichatschow , Russian philologist and Slavist († 1999)
- November 29: Käthe Krauss , German athlete and Olympian († 1970)
- November 30th: John Dickson Carr , author († 1977)
- November 30th: Ludwig Engel , Lord Mayor of Darmstadt († 1975)
December
- Garland Grange , American football player († 1981) December 2:
- Franz Reichleitner , member of the criminal police and the NSDAP († 1944) December 2:
- Toni Babl , German motorcycle racer († 1936) December 4:
- Marian Spychalski , Polish Stalinist politician († 1980) December 6th:
- Eduard Zak , Austrian writer, translator and critic († 1979) December 7th:
- Elisabeth Höngen , German singer (mezzo-soprano) († 1997) December 7th:
- Erika Fuchs , German translator († 2005) December 7th:
- Philipp Auerbach , German politician and state commissioner for the racially, religiously and politically persecuted († 1952) December 8th:
- Edmond Kramer , Swiss football player († 1945) December 8:
- Grace Hopper , American computer scientist († 1992) December 9:
- Hans Mock , German and Austrian soccer player († 1982) December 9:
- Inés Puyó , Chilean painter († 1996) December 9:
- Leocadio Vizcarrondo , Puerto Rican musician, arranger and composer († 1993) December 9:
- December 10: Aimo Anshelm Aaltonen , Finnish politician († 1987)
- December 10: Harold Campbell Adamson , American composer, film composer and songwriter († 1980)
- December 10: Phyllis Holtby , Canadian pianist, harpsichordist and music teacher († 1993)
- December 10: Julius Maus , German cyclist († 1934)
- December 10: Itō Shizuo , Japanese poet († 1953)
- December 11: Pietro Serantoni , Italian football player and coach († 1964)
- December 12: George William Andrews , American politician († 1971)
- December 12: Liselott Baumgarten , German actress († 1981)
- December 12: Willi Gayler , German forester († 2001)
- December 12: Émile Marcelin , French composer († 1954)
- December 12: Pamela Wedekind , German actress and chanson singer († 1986)
- December 13: Boris Tichonowitsch Koschewnikow , Russian composer and professor († 1985)
- December 13: Ingmar Liljefors , Swedish composer († 1981)
- December 13: Josef Maria Reuss , auxiliary bishop in Mainz and titular bishop of Sinope († 1985)
- December 13: Laurens van der Post , South African writer († 1996)
- December 14th: Helmut Bornefeld , German church musician, composer, organ expert, graphic artist and author († 1990)
- December 15: George Whelan Anderson Jr. , American admiral († 1992)
- December 15: Gustav Maier , German rower († unknown)
- December 15: Yamamuro Shizuka , Japanese literary and cultural critic († 2000)
- December 16: Arwed Blomeyer , German legal scholar († 1995)
- December 17: William McChesney Martin , Federal Reserve Chairman († 1998)
- December 17: Alfred Roßner , German entrepreneur and rescuer of the Jews († 1943)
- December 19: Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev , Soviet politician († 1982)
- December 20: Lowell Gilmore , American actor († 1960)
- December 20: Léopold Sédar Senghor , African poet and politician († 2001)
- December 21: Georg Knepler , Austrian musicologist († 2003)
- December 23: Ross Lee Finney , American composer († 1997)
- December 23: Wolfgang Vacano , German-American conductor and music teacher († 1985)
- December 24th: Paul Bromme , German politician († 1975)
- December 24th: Joseph Höffner , Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Cologne and Cardinal († 1987)
- December 24th: Wolfgang Kayser , German philologist and literary scholar († 1960)
- December 24th: Eduard Leuze , German politician († 1973)
- December 24th: Franz Waxman , German film composer, conductor and arranger († 1967)
- December 25: Clark M. Clifford , American politician († 1998)
- December 25th: Ernst Ruska , German electrical engineer and inventor of the electron microscope († 1988)
- December 26: Imperio Argentina , Spanish singer and film actress († 2003)
- December 26: Gordon H. Scherer , American politician († 1988)
- December 27: Gualterio Enrique Ahrens , Argentine Brigadier General and Ambassador († 1981)
- December 27: Andreas Feininger , American photographer († 1999)
- December 27: Erwin Geschonneck , German actor († 2008)
- December 28: Leni Schmidt , German sprinter († 1985)
- December 29: Jean Vuillermoz , French composer († 1940)
- December 30th: Otto Apel , German architect († 1966)
- December 30th: Elfriede Arnold-Dinkler , German educator († 1980)
- December 30th: Carol Reed , British film director († 1976)
- December 30th: Johann Adolf Graf von Kielmansegg , German general († 2006)
- December 30th: Walter Wiora , German musicologist († 1997)
- December 31: Fritz Ruoff , German sculptor and painter († 1986)
Exact date of birth unknown
- Rafael Adame , Mexican composer and guitarist († 1963)
- Costantino Affer , Italian medalist († 1987)
- Walter William Hector Ash , British Rear Admiral († 1998)
- Marie-Berthe Aurenche , French painter († 1960)
- Cuba Austin , American jazz drummer († 1961)
- Luigi Cavanna , Italian motorcycle and automobile racing driver († 1974)
- Ahmad Ebādi , Iranian setar player († 1993)
- Hal Evans , English composer, arranger, pianist and conductor († 1998)
- Ibrahim al-Istiwani , Syrian diplomat
- Jules Jacob , Canadian singer (tenor) († 1969)
- Abu'l-Qasim Faizi , Iranian Bahai († 1980)
- Karl Weinmair , German painter († 1944)
- Juan Zanelli , Chilean racing car driver and resistance fighter in World War II († 1944)
Died
January to March
- Clemens de Lassaulx , German forester (* 1809) January 5:
- Gabrielle Krauss , Austrian opera singer (* 1842) January 6th:
- Friedrich Weigle , German organ builder (* 1850) January 6th:
- Édouard Blau , French librettist and writer (* 1836) January 8:
- January 11th: Moses Kimball Armstrong , American politician (* 1832)
- January 13: Alexander Popow , Russian physicist (* 1859)
- January 16: Anton Wunderer , Austrian horn player and composer (* 1850)
- January 18: William Gatacre , British general (* 1843)
- January 19: Bartolomé Miter , Argentine statesman, military leader and historian (* 1821)
- January 25: John S. Harris , American politician (* 1825)
- January 25: Joseph Wheeler , General of the Southern States (* 1836)
- January 26: Bruno Casimir Albert Emil Ferdinand Prince of Ysenburg and Büdingen , Prince of Ysenburg-Büdingen (* 1837)
- January 29: Christian IX. , Danish king (* 1818)
- Henri Duvernoy , French music teacher, organist and composer (* 1820) January:
- Giuseppina Gabriella Bonino , Blessed, Italian nun and founder of the order (* 1843) February 8:
- Wilhelm von Christ , German classical philologist (* 1831) February 8:
- Josue Jean Philippe Valeton the Elder , Dutch Reformed theologian and orientalist (* 1814) February 8:
- February 10: Anton Hermann Albrecht , German Protestant theologian and poet (* 1835)
- February 13: Albert Gottschalk , Danish painter (* 1866)
- February 18: Adolph Freiherr von Asch zu Asch auf Oberndorff , German general (* 1839)
- February 19: Wilhelm Heyd , German librarian and historian (* 1823)
- February 22nd: Edward Armitage , English botanist (* 1822)
- February 25: Anton Stepanowitsch Arensky , Russian composer (* 1861)
- February 26: Tomaso Benvenuti , Italian composer (* 1838)
- February 27: Samuel Pierpont Langley , astrophysicist and aviation pioneer (* 1834)
- February 28: Mihály Zichy , Hungarian painter (* 1827)
- Moritz Heyne , German Germanist and lexicographer (* 1837) March 1:
- Rudolf Auspitz , Austrian industrialist, economist, politician and banker (* 1837) March 8:
- March 10: Eugen Richter , German politician (* 1838)
- March 12th: Joseph Monier , gardener, inventor of reinforced concrete (* 1823)
- March 13: Heinrich Schwenger , master builder (* 1840)
- March 13: Susan B. Anthony , American suffragette (* 1820)
- March 14: George Coppin , Australian actor, theater entrepreneur and politician (* 1819)
- March 17th: Konrad Beyer , German poet and literary historian (* 1834)
- March 17th: Johann Most , social democrat, later anarchist (* 1846)
- March 18: Hermann Rogalla von Bieberstein , German-American civil engineer and politician (* 1823)
- March 19: Martin Nováček , Bohemian composer, conductor, music teacher and musician (* 1834)
- March 20: William Carlile Arnold , American politician (* 1851)
- March 21: Carl Heinrich von Siemens , German industrialist (* 1829)
- March 27: William Kelly Northern Irish classical speaker, Bible interpreter, author and preacher of the Brethren movement (* 1821)
- March 28: Karl Rudolf Seyerlen , German Protestant theologian (* 1831)
April to June
- Cosme San Martín , Chilean painter (* 1849) April 1:
- Heinrich Eduard Ausfeld , German archivist and historian (* 1850) April 4:
- Friedrich Hultsch , German classical philologist and mathematician (* 1833) April 6:
- Alexander Lange Kielland , Norwegian author (* 1849) April 6:
- April 10: Georgi Apollonowitsch Gapon , Pope, leader in the revolution of 1905 (* 1870)
- April 16: William James Farrer , Australian agronomist and wheat breeder (* 1845)
- April 19: Pierre Curie , French physicist and Nobel Prize winner (* 1859)
- April 19: Spencer Gore , English tennis and cricket player (* 1850)
- April 23: Leopold Arnsperger , German medic and politician (* 1834)
- April 24: Wilhelm Bogler , German architect (* 1825)
- April 25: John Knowles Paine , American composer (* 1839)
- Fritz Stavenhagen , Low German playwright (* 1876) May 9:
- Charles Wels , American composer (* 1825) May 9:
- May 10: Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin , Sultan of Brunei (* 1825)
- May 14: Carl Schurz , American general and statesman (* 1829)
- May 18: Gaston Frommel , Franco-Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor (* 1862)
- May 20: Claire von Glümer , German writer and translator (* 1825)
- May 23: Henrik Ibsen , Norwegian writer and playwright (* 1828)
- May 24th: Heinrich Reimann , German musicologist, organist and composer (* 1850)
- May 24: Albert Grühn , German-Baltic theologian and Protestant martyr (* 1859)
- May 27: Erich Zweigert , German politician (* 1849)
- Arthur Pue Gorman , American politician (* 1839) June 4:
- Eduard von Hartmann , German philosopher (* 1842) June 5:
- Christian Horneman , Danish composer (* 1840) June 8:
- June 15: Jakob Friedrich Alois Hemberger , German architect and building officer in the Grand-Ducal Baden (* 1826)
- June 10: Richard Seddon , Prime Minister of New Zealand (* 1845)
- June 11: Heinrich Hart , German writer and naturalistic literary and theater critic (* 1855)
- June 17th: Harry Nelson Pillsbury , American chess player (* 1872)
- June 18: John M. Pattison , American politician (* 1847)
- June 18: Wenzel Lustkandl , Austrian politician and lawyer (* 1832)
- June 29: Simon Pollard Hughes , American politician (* 1830)
- June 29: Albert Sorel , French writer (* 1842)
- June: Cesare Dall'Olio , Italian composer and music teacher (* 1849)
July to September
- Manuel Patricio Rodríguez García , Spanish opera singer, singing teacher and music teacher (* 1805) July 1:
- Paul Karl Ludwig Drude , German physicist (* 1863) July 5:
- Jules Breton , French painter (* 1827) July 5:
- Henry Cullen Adams , American politician (* 1850) July 9:
- July 11: Heinrich Gelzer , Swiss classical philologist, ancient historian and Byzantinist (* 1847)
- July 15: William Painter , American inventor (* 1838)
- July 17: Carlos Enrique José Pellegrini Bevans , Argentine President (* 1846)
- July 24: Ferdinand von Saar , Austrian writer, playwright and poet (* 1833)
- George Marsden Waterhouse , Prime Minister of South Australia and New Zealand (* 1824) August 6:
- Caroline Amalie Meldahl , Danish painter (* 1838) August 6:
- August 11: Philipp Maria Prosper , Prince and Duke of Arenberg (* 1848)
- August 25: Max von Eyth , German engineer (* 1836)
- August 26: Eugen Gura , Austrian opera singer (* 1842)
- August 30: Hans Wilhelm Auer , Swiss architect (* 1847)
- Napoléon Alkan , French composer and music teacher (* 1826) August:
- Gustav von Schlesinger , German journalist, lawyer and entrepreneur (* 1834) September 4:
- Ludwig Boltzmann , Austrian physicist (* 1844) September 5:
- Johann Nepomuk Martin von Appel , Austrian Privy Councilor, Knight of Teresien, General of the Cavalry, Commanding General in the Banat (* 1826) September 7th:
- September 11th: Carl de Ahna , German medic and politician (* 1847)
- September 13: Albrecht of Prussia , regent of the Duchy of Braunschweig (* 1837)
- September 13: Ludwig Zimmermann , German-Baltic Protestant martyr (* 1852)
- September 22nd: Jacob A. Ambler , American politician (* 1829)
- September 22nd: Oscar Levertin , Swedish writer (* 1862)
- September 24th: Heinrich Scharrer , German botanist and landscape architect (* 1828)
October to December
- Ferdinand Ritter von Attlmayr , Austrian naval tactician and officer (* 1829) October 3:
- Franz Josef Bucher , Swiss hotelier, railway pioneer and entrepreneur (* 1834) October 6:
- Daniel T. Jewett , American politician (* 1807) October 7th:
- October 10: Karl Attenhofer , Swiss lawyer and federal judge (* 1836)
- October 13: Ada Lewis-Hill , English amateur musician and founder (* 1844)
- October 15: Anastasios Christomanos , Greek chemist and rector of the University of Athens (* 1841)
- October 18: Friedrich Konrad Beilstein , German-Russian chemist (* 1838)
- October 19: Karl Pfizer , German chemist (* 1824)
- October 20: Buck Ewing , American baseball player (* 1859)
- October 22nd: Paul Cézanne , French painter (* 1839)
- October 22: Emil Ludwig Schmidt , German anthropologist (* 1837)
- October 26: Johann Dzierzon , Silesian priest, beekeeper and naturalist (* 1811)
- October 27: Ferdinand Hartzer , German sculptor (* 1838)
- Ernst Förstemann , German archivist, librarian and historian (* 1822) November 4:
- Heinrich Seidel , German engineer and writer (* 1842) November 7th:
- Gustav Augspurg , German lawyer and politician (* 1837) November 9:
- November 16: Juhana Heikki Erkko , Finnish writer (* 1849)
- November 18: Frederick Augustus Tritle , American politician (* 1833)
- November 20: Jakob Julius David , Austrian journalist and writer (* 1859)
- November 26th: Carl Abel , German classical philologist, journalist and translator (* 1837)
- November 28: Oskar Emil Andersson , Swedish comic artist (* 1877)
- November 29: Elisha Dyer junior , American politician (* 1839)
- George Whitman Hendee , American politician (* 1832) December 6th:
- Wilhelm Taurit , German-Baltic pastor and Protestant martyr (* 1870) December 6th:
- Élie Ducommun , Swiss politician and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (* 1833) December 7th:
- December 14: John Mercer Brooke , American military person (* 1826)
- December 14th: Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans , Dutch astronomer (* 1827)
- December 27: Gerhard Ahlhorn , German farmer and politician (* 1815)
- December 29th: Wilhelm Dittenberger , German classical philologist and epigraphist (* 1840)
- December 30th: Josephine Butler , British social reformer (* 1828)
- December 30th: Donelson Caffery , American politician (* 1835)
- December 31: Friedrich Gumpert , German horn player and professor (* 1841)
Exact date of death unknown
- Josef Albert Amann , German gynecologist (* 1832)
- Asato Ankō , Japanese master of early karate (* 1827)
- Manuel Domínguez Sánchez , Spanish painter (* 1840)
- Georges Jacobi , German composer and conductor (* 1840)
literature
- Alain Fux : 1906. Between Belle Époque and Modernism. Ipso Facto, Munich 2021, ISBN 978-3-948404-24-6 .
Web links
Commons : 1906 - collection of pictures, videos and audio files