Gustav von Schlesinger

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Gustav Schlesinger (* 1834 in Oberglogau (?), Upper Silesia ; † September 4, 1906 in Wotitz , Bohemia ) was a journalist , lawyer , banking law specialist, entrepreneur and large landowner . Following able increase in the knighthood on 15 October 1869, he was called the Knights of Schlesinger ( Czech rytíř Schlesinger).

Life

After Schlesinger had moved from Prussia to the Habsburg monarchy , in 1859 he took up a position as an educator in the house of the preacher of the Israelite religious community in Vienna , Dr. Adolf Jellinek , at. He also worked as a journalist. He edited the economic section of the Wiener Zeitung, the latest news , which was published in Wiener Lloyd in 1863 . Schlesinger acquired the sheet in 1864. However, he financed the acquisition not through his journalistic activities, but through his employment as secretary of the Austria Bank in 1863. In 1864 Schlesinger became general secretary of the Anglo-Austrian Bank . After Wiener Lloyd merged with the daily newspaper Die Debatte in 1865 , Schlesinger stayed with them until 1867. In his journalistic activities, Schlesinger campaigned for a restructuring of the Austrian monarchy , which went down in history as the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867.

For his services he was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown III on the proposal of the Hungarian Ministry . Class excellent. He was one of the few privateers and journalists who, without being a business captain, were accepted into the order in 103 years of the existence of the Austrian Order of the Iron Crown, because his economic career only began after it was ennobled . On October 15, 1869, he was raised to the hereditary Austrian knighthood as Knight von Schlesinger.

By winning the lottery in Prussia in 1865, he had a significant fortune of 30,000 thalers , which enabled him to make economic investments in the period of upheaval after the Austro-Hungarian settlement. Schlesinger speculated on various properties in Vienna.

In 1873 the imposing building at Reisnerstrasse 51 in the 3rd district was built for him by the architect Wilhelm Fraenkel (1844-1916). The palace is strictly structured with slightly protruding side projections (here representative balconies on consoles), French windows on the first floor, antique female figures next to the balcony doors on the second floor, and architecturally uniform interior (entrance and staircase). After Schlesinger's death in 1913, it came into the possession of the family of the architect Max von Ferstel and is now the residence of the Finnish embassy. In 1946 the palace was extended.

Department of the Finnish Embassy at Reisnerstrasse 51

By founding a brick factory in Oberlaa near Vienna , which lasted until 1881, when earlier auction dates passed unsuccessfully, he took part in the renovation of Vienna's inner city and used the building boom of the early days for his own construction projects.

In 1869 he was a topic on the problems of the Austrian banking system at the University at Rostock doctorate . As a banking law specialist , he used the banking crash in 1873 to acquire former table law goods in Bohemia. The peculiarity of the acquisition on January 15, 1878 was that he bought his new buildings on the Vienna Schottenring valued at an estimated 15 million guilders for the Wottitz estates (today Votice ), Gut Votice with schnapps distillery and brewery, the limestone quarry and sawmill in Opalí, and so on the Vorwerke in Javoře, Hostišově and Beztahově, the Groß Welten estate (today Horní Valtinov) with the local brewery and the Fichtenbach estate near Vollmau, today Horní Folmava, 345 32 Česká Kubice on the Bavarian border (all in Bohemia). Depending on the conversion, the exchange value corresponds to a current amount of € 90 - 150 million.

Later, the Viennese banking company Gustav Schlesinger acquired the country estate Gut Dub both parts and the Gut Wodnian in Bohemia from the "Hypothekar Credit- und Advance Bank in Liquidation". Later sales of the goods showed that the goods had been exchanged at an extremely inflated price and hardly found any buyers.

In 1869 he resigned as a member of the board of directors of Wiener Allgemeine Omnibus AG, but remained a member of the board of directors of the Lemberg-Belsec railway , supervisory board of the Lemberg-Czernowitz railway , held stakes in the Wiener Handelsbank and the Bohemian Union Bank and also remained a member of the Concordia club in Vienna.

The Horní Valtinov estate was parceled out shortly after the acquisition and the Dub estate was also sold. The Votice estate was acquired in 1915 by the well-known Prague meat manufacturer Emanuel Maceška z Peclínova for 850,000 crowns. Maceška needed the property to secure the meat supply in Bohemia and Moravia after the meat deliveries from Galicia became problematic due to the course of the war. His imaginary spread is one of the popular Bohemian sausage specialties under the name “Maceška”.

The Vienna line lost revenue from sales in the big inflation from 1919 to 1924, the Silesian line invested it, and built among other things, a yeast - wholesale and industrial bakery in Kempen on. She lost her fortune through illegal actions in the socialist system of the Polish state after the Second World War.

Georg Gustav Ritter von Schlesinger Gesellschaft e. V.

In 1978 the “Georg Gustav Ritter von Schlesinger Gesellschaft e. V. “, which aims to promote international understanding in Eastern Europe. At the time of the Solidarność underground movement, it was the private sponsor of the “Polish Cultural Center on the Rhine in Bonn”.

Since 1981, the GGRvS Society, in cooperation with the Lazarus Relief Organization under the patronage of Federal President Karl Carstens, has organized the “Aktion Polenhilfe 200,000”, which provided targeted medication aid during martial law in Poland.

Until the end of the Cold War , the Society for Merits in Defense of Civil Liberties and Human Rights in Eastern Europe awarded the Gustav von Schlesinger Prize and Badge of Merit III. Class. The winners of the “Gustav von Schlesinger Prize” include: B. Hedda Herwig , Claus-Ekkehard Bärsch and the head of the House of Prince Sułkowski of the Sulima coat of arms , Alexander Józef Sułkowski , 10th Duke of Bielitz .

Known family members

Franz von Schlesinger , entrepreneur, was the last member of the "Otto" group with the pseudonym "piekarz" to be murdered by the Polish State Security in 1948 for promoting anti-communist resistance and rehabilitated by the Higher Regional Court in Łódź in 2007 after a 62-year trial . These criminal proceedings represent the longest-running criminal proceedings in legal history and have not been concluded because of the errors that still exist. Instead, a complaint has been lodged with the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg against the final judgment .

Franciszek von Schlesinger, eldest son of the previous one, a teacher, was murdered as a Polish officer by the NKVD in 1940 in Charkow during the Katyn massacre and posthumously promoted by President Kaczyński .

Edward von Schlesinger, the second eldest son of the previous one, a lawyer, took part in the underground movement as a member of the " Olimp " resistance group in Wroclaw from 1941 and continued his work in Prague after being released from pretrial detention by the Gestapo . After the end of the war, he reported regularly in writing from Poland to his future wife in Prague about the dismantling and requisitions by the Red Army in areas of Lower Silesia and Greater Poland . Her father, Ferdinand Navrátil , Vice-Starost of a Prague district and later a member of the executive committee of the “ Národní souručenství ”, the substitute parliamentary representative of the Czechs in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , forwarded this news to the government-in-exile in London . From 1947 he worked as a cultural attaché at the embassy of the Republic of Poland in Prague. After political cleansing in the embassy, ​​he became a lecturer at the Polish Information Center PIK in Prague and was busy doing weekly analyzes of the Czechoslovak economy in Polish until his accidental death in 1960.

Edward Ondřej, son of the previous one, tax advisor, activist of movements to promote international understanding and defense of civil liberties in Eastern Europe, organizer of “Aktion Polenhilfe 200,000” under the patronage of Federal President Karl Carstens (1981), initiator of the “Polish Cultural Center on the Rhine in Bonn "at the time of the Solidarność underground movement (after 1982), coordinator of the nationwide campaign" Protection of property rights now! "(From 2005) and Germany spokesman for the Human Rights Watch Europe Foundation at the time of the" Voice of freedom "campaign (after 2010 ).

Viola Gabriela von Schlesinger came from the Wiener Linie, author of a large number of theater pieces, which are in the estate of the Vienna Archives.

The descendants now live in the Federal Republic of Germany and Poland .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Susanne Blume Berger, Michael and Gabriel Doppelhofer Mauthe (editors): Handbook of Austrian authors of Jewish origin. 18th to 20th centuries (Volume 3: S – Z) . KG Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11545-8 , p. 1208 as well as contemporary journalists and writers association "Concordia": 1859-1909. A commemorative publication. Vienna 1909, p. 178. According to other information ( curriculum vitae in the doctoral thesis by Gustav Schlesinger, University of Rostock 1869 in the fund of the estate of Viola von Schlesinger, Vienna Museum ), Schlesinger is said to have been born on May 5, 1803.
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Franz Baltzarek, Alfred Hoffmann, Hannes Stekl (eds.): Economy and society of the Viennese urban expansion . Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1975, p. 315f. citing the act of ennobling 1870 in the general administrative archive .
3. ^ Journalists and writers association “Concordia”: 1859–1909. A commemorative publication. Vienna 1909, p. 178.
4. ↑ Strangers sheet. 17th volume, No. 319, November 20, 1863 , accessed November 25, 2015.
5. ↑ The debate. Volume 6, No. 118, April 29, 1869, morning edition , accessed November 25, 2015.
6. ^ Karl Friedrich von Frank [zu Döfering]: Old Austrian Adels Lexicon. Volume I (1823–1918), self-published, Vienna 1928, p. 276, number 8237.
7. ^ The Debate and Wiener Lloyd. Volume 2, No. 249, September 9, 1865 , accessed November 24, 2015.
8. ↑ Presentation of the Embassy of Finland , accessed November 21, 2015.
9. ↑ Kortz: Vienna in the early 20th century. A guide in a technical and artistic direction. Edited by the Austrian Association of Engineers and Architects. Volume 2, Gerlach & Wiedling, Vienna 1906, p. 142 and Géza Hajós, Walther Brauneis: The secular buildings of the III., IV. And V district. Schroll, Vienna 1980 (Austrian Art Topography, 44.2), p. 129 f. This leads to confusion with the Palais Ferstel in the 1st district of Vienna , Inner City , with the addresses Strauchgasse 2-4, Herrengasse 14 and Freyung 2. This building was built by Max von Ferstel as a national bank and stock exchange building; the designation as a palace is unhistorical. In the residence of the Finnish Embassy, ​​3, Reisnerstraße 51, there is a free-standing bust in the stairwell with the inscription Baron W. Ferstel. Since a Baron W. Ferstel is not known, the person who bought the building in 1913 is probably Max von Ferstel. Finnish Embassy in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna Access 22 March 2016.
10. ^ Official Journal for Wiener Zeitung and Central-Anzeiger for trade and commerce. No. 4, January 6, 1881 , p. 26, access November 24, 2015.
11. ^ PhD thesis Gustav Schlesinger: The newest banking legislation in Austria. Printed by Adler's Erben, Rostock 1869 ( digitized version ).
12. ↑ According to a message from the Neue Freie Presse, the Steyrer Zeitung dated December 27, 1877, p. 3 reveals that the Erste Österreichische Sparkasse received an offer from the building contractor Gustav Ritter von Schlesinger to purchase 3 rural goods in Bohemia for several houses on the fire site and to exchange at the Schottenring, which represent a value of 15 million guilders.
13. ↑ According to the text “150 Years of the First Austrian Spar-Casse, 150 Years of Austrian History, Vienna, am Graben 21, Vienna 1969”, almost 89 million euros (one guilder from 1873–1894 corresponds to 5.93 euros, which means 15,000,000 guilders = 88,950,000 €), after conversion according to the “consumer price index 1966” by 150 million €
14. ^ Good "Wodnian (Aquileia), a royal. free city surrounded by walls and a deep moat. It is located on the Blanitz River, 15 miles from Prague and 3 post miles from Strakonice ”. Carl Eduard Rainold: Directory of all the localities in the Kingdom of Bohemia. Volume 13, 1794, page 78.
15. ↑ Prager Tagblatt. Volume 2, No. 29, January 29, 1878 , p. 3, access November 21, 2014.
16. ^ First supplement to the Prager Tagblatt [9. Volume] No. 41, February 11, 1885 , p. 5: “The large landowner Dr. Gustav Ritter von Schlesinger intended to sell his Bohemian estate Wottic and Freiherr v. Nadherny wanted to buy it ... “, access June 15, 2015.
17. ↑ The press. 35th year, no. 2, January 2, 1882, second evening paper , p. 3. Since the sale of the country estate Dub in Bohemia in 1881 only yielded 343,000 guilders. Wiener Landwirtschaftliche Zeitung. 32nd year, no. 1, January 4, 1882 , p. 5: “The rural estate 'Dub both parts' together with three farms belonging to it was owned by Dr. Gustav Ritter von Schlesinger to MDr. Emil Bellot sold for the price of fl. 343,000 ”, access November 21, 2015.
18. ↑ Court Hall . Volume 13, No. 10, February 4, 1869 , p. 42, accessed June 15, 2015.
19. ↑ Gazeta Opole , opole.gazeta.pl, accessed June 15, 2015.
20. ↑ Presentation of the Polish military chaplaincy ( memento of the original from April 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and under Lista poległych w Katyniu polskich oficerów ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF, number of entry 7081), accessed June 15, 2015.   
21. ^ Gazeta Wyborcza. wroclaw.wyborcza.pl, June 5, 2007, accessed June 15, 2015.
22. ↑ Archiwum i Muzeum Polskich Korporacji Akademickich, Korporation Posnania, number 107 , accessed June 15, 2015.
23. ↑ Who is Who w Polsce. Zug, CH, editions I. [2002], II. [2003] and III. [2004].