Emil Ludwig Schmidt

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Emil Ludwig Schmidt

Emil Ludwig Schmidt (born April 7, 1837 in Obereichstätt , † October 22, 1906 in Jena ) was a German anthropologist and ethnologist .

Career

Schmidt began his studies in Jena and Bonn in 1857 . In 1861 he was promoted to Dr. med. et phil. PhD at the University of Berlin . In 1862 he was initially an assistant at the Surgical Clinic in Bonn, before he was appointed head of the Alfried Krupp Hospital in Essen and the family doctor of the hypochondriac Alfred Krupp in the same year . 1869-1870 and 1876 Schmidt undertook anthropological research trips to North America and in 1875 to Egypt . 1885 took place his habilitation at the University of Leipzig ; it was the first in anthropology in Germany. In 1889 he was appointed associate professor of anthropology and ethnology , and in 1896 honorary professor there. From 1889 to 1890 he undertook another research trip to South India and Ceylon . From 1895 to 1900 he was an extraordinary member of the Royal Saxon Society of Science .

In 1900 Schmidt donated his anthropological collection of more than 1,000 skulls to the University of Leipzig. In the transverse tract of the dissecting room area of ​​the University of Leipzig, the so-called "skull gallery" with an extensive anthropological skull collection is located as part of the teaching collection of macroscopic specimens at the Institute for Anatomy . It essentially consists of a gift from Schmidt. Originally he wanted to donate his valuable collection to the Institute for Anatomy. Because of a falling out with Wilhelm His , the director at the time, the collection went to the Philosophical Faculty in 1901. It was later merged with the Carus Collection and taken over by the Institute for Anatomy in 1918. In 1930 it was relocated to the Ethnological-Anthropological Institute. Today both collections are in the Leipzig anatomy. The skull collection includes: 1068 skulls from 5 continents, 135 mummy heads, 60 prehistoric skull casts from the Schmidt collection and 170 skulls and plaster casts from the Carus collection.

Major works

  • The oldest human traces in North America, Hamburg 1887
  • Anthropological methods, Leipzig 1888
  • The prehistory of North America in the United States, Braunschweig 1894
  • Journey in South India , Leipzig 1894
  • Ceylon , Berlin 1897

Familiar

Schmidt was married to Cäcilie Lotte Eleonore Overbeck (1856 – after 1920), daughter of the classical archaeologist Johannes Overbeck (1826–1895).

See also

literature

  • Edgar L. Hewett, James Mooney, Starr Willard Cutting, JR Swanton Anthropologic Miscellanea in: American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Jan.-Mar., 1907), pp. 233-244.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Uwe Hoßfeld: History of biological anthropology in Germany. From the beginning until the post-war period. Stuttgart: Steiner 2005. p. 172.
  2. ^ Members of the SAW: Emil Schmidt. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed on November 28, 2016 .
  3. ↑ See the information on the teaching collection on the website of the Helmholtz Center.
personal data
SURNAME Schmidt, Emil Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German anthropologist, ethnologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH April 7, 1837
PLACE OF BIRTH Obreichstätt
DATE OF DEATH October 22, 1906
Place of death Jena